NAME

Amazon::S3::Bucket - A container class for a S3 bucket and its contents.

SYNOPSIS

  use Amazon::S3;
  
  # creates bucket object (no "bucket exists" check)
  my $bucket = $s3->bucket("foo"); 
  
  # create resource with meta data (attributes)
  my $keyname = 'testing.txt';
  my $value   = 'T';
  $bucket->add_key(
      $keyname, $value,
      {   content_type        => 'text/plain',
          'x-amz-meta-colour' => 'orange',
      }
  );
  
  # list keys in the bucket
  $response = $bucket->list
      or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
  print $response->{bucket}."\n";
  for my $key (@{ $response->{keys} }) {
        print "\t".$key->{key}."\n";  
  }

  # check if resource exists.
  print "$keyname exists\n" if $bucket->head_key($keyname);

  # delete key from bucket
  $bucket->delete_key($keyname);

DESCRIPTION

METHODS AND SUBROUTINES

new

Instaniates a new bucket object.

Pass a hash or hash reference containing various options:

bucket (required)

The name (identifier) of the bucket.

account (required)

The S3::Amazon object (representing the S3 account) this bucket is associated with.

buffer_size

The buffer size used for reading and writing objects to S3.

default: 4K

region

If no region is set and verify_region is set to true, the region of the bucket will be determined by calling the get_location_constraint method. Note that this will decrease performance of the constructor. If you know the region or are operating in only 1 region, set the region in the account object (Amazon::S3).

logger

Sets the logger. The logger should be a blessed reference capable of providing at least a debug and trace method for recording log messages. If no logger object is passed the account object's logger object will be used.

verify_region

Indicates that the bucket's region should be determined by calling the get_location_constraint method.

default: false

NOTE: This method does not check if a bucket actually exists unless you set verify_region to true. If the bucket does not exist, the constructor will set the region to the default region specified by the Amazon::S3 object (account) that you passed.

Typically a developer will not call this method directly, but work through the interface in S3::Amazon that will handle their creation.

add_key

 add_key( key, value, configuration)

Write a new or existing object to S3.

key

A string identifier for the object being written to the bucket.

value

A SCALAR string representing the contents of the object.

configuration

A HASHREF of configuration data for this key. The configuration is generally the HTTP headers you want to pass to the S3 service. The client library will add all necessary headers. Adding them to the configuration hash will override what the library would send and add headers that are not typically required for S3 interactions.

acl_short (optional)

In addition to additional and overriden HTTP headers, this HASHREF can have a acl_short key to set the permissions (access) of the resource without a seperate call via add_acl or in the form of an XML document. See the documentation in add_acl for the values and usage.

Returns a boolean indicating the sucess or failure of the call. Check err and errstr for error messages if this operation fails. To examine the raw output of the response from the API call, use the last_response() method.

  my $retval = $bucket->add_key('foo', $content, {});

  if ( !$retval ) {
    print STDERR Dumper([$bucket->err, $bucket->errstr, $bucket->last_response]);
  }

add_key_filename

The method works like add_key except the value is assumed to be a filename on the local file system. The file will be streamed rather then loaded into memory in one big chunk.

copy_object %parameters

Copies an object from one bucket to another bucket. Note that the bucket represented by the bucket object is the destination. Returns a hash reference to the response object (CopyObjectResult).

Headers returned from the request can be obtained using the last_response() method.

 my $headers = { $bucket->last_response->headers->flatten };

Throws an exception if the response code is not 2xx. You can get an extended error message using the errstr() method.

 my $result = eval { return $s3->copy_object( key => 'foo.jpg',
     source => 'boo.jpg' ); };
 
 if ($@) {
   die $s3->errstr;
 }

Examples:

 $bucket->copy_object( key => 'foo.jpg', source => 'boo.jpg' );

 $bucket->copy_object(
   key    => 'foo.jpg',
   source => 'boo.jpg',
   bucket => 'my-source-bucket'
 );
 
 $bucket->copy_object(
   key     => 'foo.jpg',
   headers => { 'x-amz-copy-source' => 'my-source-bucket/boo.jpg'
   );

See CopyObject for more details.

%parameters is a list of key/value pairs described below:

key (required)

Name of the destination key in the bucket represented by the bucket object.

headers (optional)

Hash or array reference of headers to send in the request.

bucket (optional)

Name of the source bucket. Default is the same bucket as the destination.

source (optional)

Name of the source key in the source bucket. If not provided, you must provide the source in the `x-amz-copy-source` header.

head_key $key_name

Returns a configuration HASH of the given key. If a key does not exist in the bucket undef will be returned.

HASH will contain the following members:

content_length

content_type

etag

value

delete_key $key_name

Permanently removes $key_name from the bucket. Returns a boolean value indicating the operations success.

delete_keys @keys

delete_keys $keys

Permanently removes keys from the bucket. Returns the response body from the API call. Returns undef on non '2xx' return codes.

See <Deleting Amazon S3 object | https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/DeletingObjects.html>

The argument to delete_keys can be:

• list of key names

• an array of hashes where each hash reference contains the keys Key and optionally VersionId.

• an array of scalars where each scalar is a key name

• a hash of options where the hash contains

• a callback that returns the key and optionally the version id

  quiet

  Boolean indicating quiet mode

  keys

  An array of keys containing scalars or hashes as describe above.

Examples:

 # delete a list of keys
 $bucket->delete_keys(qw( foo bar baz));

 # delete an array of keys
 $bucket->delete_keys([qw(foo bar baz)]);

 # delete an array of keys in quiet mode 
 $bucket->delete({ quiet => 1, keys => [ qw(foo bar baz) ]);

 # delete an array of versioned objects
 $bucket->delete_keys([ { Key => 'foo', VersionId => '1'} ]);

 # callback
 my @key_list = qw(foo => 1, bar => 3, biz => 1);

 $bucket->delete_keys(
   sub {
     return ( shift @key_list, shift @key_list );
   }
 );

When using a callback, the keys are deleted in bulk. The DeleteObjects API is only called once.

delete_bucket

Permanently removes the bucket from the server. A bucket cannot be removed if it contains any keys (contents).

This is an alias for $s3->delete_bucket($bucket).

get_key $key_name, [$method]

Takes a key and an optional HTTP method and fetches it from S3. The default HTTP method is GET.

The method returns undef if the key does not exist in the bucket and throws an exception (dies) on server errors.

On success, the method returns a HASHREF containing:

content_type

etag

value

@meta

get_key_filename $key_name, $method, $filename

This method works like get_key, but takes an added filename that the S3 resource will be written to.

list

List all keys in this bucket.

See "list_bucket" in Amazon::S3 for documentation of this method.

list_v2

See "list_bucket_v2" in Amazon::S3 for documentation of this method.

list_all

List all keys in this bucket without having to worry about 'marker'. This may make multiple requests to S3 under the hood.

See "list_bucket_all" in Amazon::S3 for documentation of this method.

list_all_v2

Same as list_all but uses the version 2 API for listing keys.

See "list_bucket_all_v2" in Amazon::S3 for documentation of this method.

get_acl

Retrieves the Access Control List (ACL) for the bucket or resource as an XML document.

key

The key of the stored resource to fetch. This parameter is optional. By default the method returns the ACL for the bucket itself.

set_acl

 set_acl(acl)

Retrieves the Access Control List (ACL) for the bucket or resource. Requires a HASHREF argument with one of the following keys:

acl_xml

An XML string which contains access control information which matches Amazon's published schema.

acl_short

Alternative shorthand notation for common types of ACLs that can be used in place of a ACL XML document.

According to the Amazon S3 API documentation the following recognized acl_short types are defined as follows:

private

Owner gets FULL_CONTROL. No one else has any access rights. This is the default.

public-read

Owner gets FULL_CONTROL and the anonymous principal is granted READ access. If this policy is used on an object, it can be read from a browser with no authentication.

public-read-write

Owner gets FULL_CONTROL, the anonymous principal is granted READ and WRITE access. This is a useful policy to apply to a bucket, if you intend for any anonymous user to PUT objects into the bucket.

authenticated-read

Owner gets FULL_CONTROL, and any principal authenticated as a registered Amazon S3 user is granted READ access.

key

The key name to apply the permissions. If the key is not provided the bucket ACL will be set.

Returns a boolean indicating the operations success.

get_location_constraint

Returns the location constraint (region the bucket resides in) for a bucket. Returns undef if no location constraint.

Valid values that may be returned:

 af-south-1
 ap-east-1
 ap-northeast-1
 ap-northeast-2
 ap-northeast-3
 ap-south-1
 ap-southeast-1
 ap-southeast-2
 ca-central-1
 cn-north-1
 cn-northwest-1
 EU
 eu-central-1
 eu-north-1
 eu-south-1
 eu-west-1
 eu-west-2
 eu-west-3
 me-south-1
 sa-east-1
 us-east-2
 us-gov-east-1
 us-gov-west-1
 us-west-1
 us-west-2

For more information on location constraints, refer to the documentation for GetBucketLocation.

err

The S3 error code for the last error the account encountered.

errstr

A human readable error string for the last error the account encountered.

error

The decoded XML string as a hash object of the last error.

last_response

Returns the last HTTP::Response to an API call.

MULTIPART UPLOAD SUPPORT

From Amazon's website:

Multipart upload allows you to upload a single object as a set of parts. Each part is a contiguous portion of the object's data. You can upload these object parts independently and in any order. If transmission of any part fails, you can retransmit that part without affecting other parts. After all parts of your object are uploaded, Amazon S3 assembles these parts and creates the object. In general, when your object size reaches 100 MB, you should consider using multipart uploads instead of uploading the object in a single operation.

See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/mpuoverview.html for more information about multipart uploads.

• Maximum object size 5TB

• Maximum number of parts 10,000

• Part numbers 1 to 10,000 (inclusive)

• Part size 5MB to 5GB. There is no limit on the last part of your multipart upload.

• Maximum nubmer of parts returned for a list parts request - 1000

• Maximum number of multipart uploads returned in a list multipart uploads request - 1000

A multipart upload begins by calling initiate_multipart_upload(). This will return an identifier that is used in subsequent calls.

 my $bucket = $s3->bucket('my-bucket');
 my $id = $bucket->initiate_multipart_upload('some-big-object');

 my $part_list = {};

 my $part = 1;
 my $etag = $bucket->upload_part_of_multipart_upload('my-bucket', $id, $part, $data, length $data);
 $part_list{$part++} = $etag;

 $bucket->complete_multipart_upload('my-bucket', $id, $part_list);

 upload_multipart_object( ... )

Convenience routine upload_multipart_object that encapsulates the multipart upload process. Accepts a hash or hash reference of arguments. If successful, a reference to a hash that contains the part numbers and etags of the uploaded parts.

You can pass a data object, callback routine or a file handle.

key

Name of the key to create.

data

Scalar object that contains the data to write to S3.

callback

Optionally provided a callback routine that will be called until you pass a buffer with a length of 0. Your callback will receive no arguments but should return a tuple consisting of a reference to a scalar object that contains the data to write and a scalar that represents the length of data. Once you return a zero length buffer the multipart process will be completed.

fh

File handle of an open file. The file must be greater than the minimum chunk size for multipart uploads otherwise the method will throw an exception.

abort_on_error

Indicates whether the multipart upload should be aborted if an error is encountered. Amazon will charge you for the storage of parts that have been uploaded unless you abort the upload.

default: true

abort_multipart_upload

 abort_multipart_upload(key, multpart-upload-id)

Abort a multipart upload

complete_multipart_upload

 complete_multipart_upload(key, multpart-upload-id, parts)

Signal completion of a multipart upload. parts is a reference to a hash of part numbers and etags.

initiate_multipart_upload

 initiate_multipart_upload(key, headers)

Initiate a multipart upload. Returns an id used in subsequent call to upload_part_of_multipart_upload().

list_multipart_upload_parts

List all the uploaded parts of a multipart upload

list_multipart_uploads

List multipart uploads in progress

upload_part_of_multipart_upload

  upload_part_of_multipart_upload(key, id, part, data, length)

Upload a portion of a multipart upload

key

Name of the key in the bucket to create.

id

The multipart-upload id return in the initiate_multipart_upload call.

part

The next part number (part numbers start at 1).

data

Scalar or reference to a scalar that contains the data to upload.

length (optional)

Length of the data.

SEE ALSO

Amazon::S3

AUTHOR

Please see the Amazon::S3 manpage for author, copyright, and license information.

CONTRIBUTORS

Rob Lauer Jojess Fournier Tim Mullin Todd Rinaldo luiserd97

cpanm Amazon::S3

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Amazon::S3