The Perl Toolchain Summit needs more sponsors. If your company depends on Perl, please support this very important event.
 / 
BioPerl-1.5.9_1
River stage two • 60 direct dependents • 65 total dependents
33 ++
/ Bio::DB::HIV::HIVQueryHelper

NAME

Bio::DB::HIV::HIVQueryHelper - Routines and packages used by Bio::DB::HIV and Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery

SYNOPSIS

  Used in Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery. No need to use directly.

DESCRIPTION

Bio::DB::HIV::HIVQueryHelper contains a number of packages for use by Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery. Package HIVSchema parses the lanl-schema.xml file, and allows access to it in the context of the relational database it represents (see APPENDIX for excruciating detail). Packages QRY, R, and Q together create the query string parser that enables NCBI-like queries to be understood by Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery. They provide objects and operators to perform and simplify logical expressions involving AND, OR, and () and return hash structures that can be handled by Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery routines.

FEEDBACK

Mailing Lists

User feedback is an integral part of the evolution of this and other Bioperl modules. Send your comments and suggestions preferably to the Bioperl mailing list. Your participation is much appreciated.

  bioperl-l@bioperl.org                  - General discussion
  http://bioperl.org/wiki/Mailing_lists  - About the mailing lists

Reporting Bugs

Report bugs to the Bioperl bug tracking system to help us keep track of the bugs and their resolution. Bug reports can be submitted via the web:

  http://bugzilla.open-bio.org/

AUTHOR - Mark A. Jensen

Email maj@fortinbras.us

CONTRIBUTORS

APPENDIX

The rest of the documentation details each of the contained packages. Internal methods are usually preceded with a _

HIVSchema - objects/methods to manipulate a version of the LANL HIV DB schema

SYNOPSIS

    $schema = new HIVSchema( 'lanl-schema.xml' );
    @tables = $schema->tables;
    @validFields = $schema->fields;
    @validAliases = $schema->aliases;
    @query_aliases_for_coreceptor = $schema->aliases( 'SEQ_SAMple.SSAM_second_receptor' );
    $pk_for_SequenceEntry = $schema->primarykey('SequenceEntry');    # returns 'SequenceEntry.SE_id' 
    $fk_for_SEQ_SAMple_to_SequenceEntry = 
              $schema->foreignkey('SEQ_SAMple', 'SequenceEntry');    # returns 'SEQ_SAMple.SSAM_SE_id'

    $table = $schema->tablepart('SEQ_SAMple.SSAM_badseq');           # returns 'SEQ_SAMple'
    $column = $schema->columnpart('SEQ_SAMple.SSAM_badseq');         # returns 'SSAM_badseq'

DESCRIPTION

HIVSchema methods are used in Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery for table, column, primary/foreign key manipulations based on the observed Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database (LANL DB) naming conventions for their CGI parameters. The schema is contained in an XML file (lanl-schema.xml) which is read into an HIVSchema object, in turn a property of the HIVQuery object. HIVSchema methods are used to build correct cgi queries in a way that attempts to preserve the context of the relational database the query parameters represent.

CONSTRUCTOR

new

 Title   : new
 Usage   : $schema = new HIVSchema( "lanl-schema.xml ");
 Function: 
 Example :
 Returns : an HIVSchema object
 Args    : XML filename

INSTANCE METHODS

tables

 Title   : tables
 Usage   : $schema->tables()
 Function: get all table names in schema
 Example :
 Returns : array of table names
 Args    : none

columns

 Title   : columns
 Usage   : $schema->columns( [$tablename] );
 Function: return array of columns for specified table, or all columns in 
           schema, if called w/o args
 Example :
 Returns : 
 Args    : tablename or fieldname string

fields

 Title   : fields
 Usage   : $schema->fields();
 Function: return array of all fields in schema, in format "table.column"
 Example : 
 Returns : array of all fields
 Args    : none

options

 Title   : options
 Usage   : $schema->options(@fieldnames)
 Function: get array of options (i.e., valid match data strings) available
           to specified field
 Example : 
 Returns : array of match data strings
 Args    : [array of] fieldname string[s] in "table.column" format

aliases

 Title   : aliases
 Usage   : $schema->aliases(@fieldnames)
 Function: get array of aliases to specified field[s]
 Example : 
 Returns : array of valid query aliases for fields as spec'd in XML file
 Args    : [an array of] fieldname[s] in "table.column" format

ankh

 Title   : ankh (annotation key hash)
 Usage   : $schema->ankh(@fieldnames)
 Function: return a has translating fields to annotation keys for the
           spec'd fields.
           (Annotation keys are used for parsing the tab-delimited response
           to Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery::_do_lanl_request.)
 Example :
 Returns : hash ref 
 Args    : [an array of] fieldname[s] in "table.column" format

tablepart

 Title   : tablepart (alias: tbl)
 Usage   : $schema->tbl(@fieldnames)
 Function: return the portion of the fieldname[s] that refer to the 
           db table
 Example : $schema->tbl('SequenceEntry.SE_id'); # returns 'SequenceEntry'
 Returns : table name as string
 Args    : [an array of] fieldname[s] in "table.column" format

columnpart

 Title   : columnpart (alias: col)
 Usage   : $schema->col(@fieldnames)
 Function: return the portion of the fieldname[s] that refer to the 
           db column
 Example : $schema->col('SequenceEntry.SE_id'); # returns 'SE_id'
 Returns : column name as string
 Args    : [an array of] fieldname[s] in "table.column" format

primarykey

 Title   : primarykey [alias: pk]
 Usage   : $schema->pk(@tablenames);
 Function: return the primary key of the specified table[s], as judged by
           the syntax of the table's[s'] fieldnames
 Example : $schema->pk('SequenceEntry') # returns 'SequenceEntry.SE_id'
 Returns : primary key fieldname[s] in "table.column" format, or null if
           no pk exists
 Args    : [an array of] table name[s] (fieldnames are ok, table part used)

foreignkey

 Title   : foreignkey [alias: fk]
 Usage   : $schema->fk($intable [, $totable])
 Function: return foreign key fieldname in table $intable referring to 
           table $totable, or all foreign keys in $intable if $totable
           unspec'd
 Example : $schema->fk('AUthor', 'SequenceEntry'); # returns 'AUthor_AU_SE_id'
 Returns : foreign key fieldname[s] in "table.column" format
 Args    : tablename [, optional foreign table name] (fieldnames are ok,
           table part used)

foreigntable

 Title   : foreigntable [alias ftbl]
 Usage   : $schema->ftbl( @foreign_key_fieldnames );
 Function: return tablename of table that foreign keys points to
 Example : $schema->ftbl( 'AUthor.AU_SE_id' ); # returns 'SequenceEntry'
 Returns : tablename
 Args    : [an array of] fieldname[s] in "table.column" format

loadSchema

 Title   : loadHIVSchema [alias: loadSchema]
 Usage   : $schema->loadSchema( $XMLfilename )
 Function: read (LANL DB) schema spec from XML 
 Example : $schema->loadSchema('lanl-schema.xml');
 Returns : hashref to schema data
           Keys are fieldnames in "table.column" format.
           Each value is a hashref with the following properties:
           {name}    : HIVWEB 'table.column' format fieldname, 
                       can be used directly in the cgi query
           {aliases} : ref to array containing valid aliases/shortcuts for 
                       {name}; can be used in routines creating the HTML query
           {options} : ref to array containing valid matchdata for this field
                       can be used directly in the HTML query
           {ankey}   : contains the annotation key for this field used with 
                       Bioperl annotation objects
           {..attr..}: ..value_of_attr.. for this field (app-specific metadata)
 Args    :

_sfieldh

 Title   : _sfieldh
 Usage   : $schema->_sfieldh($fieldname)
 Function: get hashref to the specified field hash
 Example :
 Returns : hashref
 Args    : fieldname in "table.column" format

Class QRY - a query algebra for HIVQuery

SYNOPSIS

  $Q = new QRY( 
               new R( 
                      new Q('coreceptor', 'CXCR4'), 
                      new Q('country', 'ZA')
                     )
               );
  QRY::Eq(QRY::And($Q, $Q), $Q);                     # returns 1
  QRY::Eq(QRY::Or($Q, $Q), $Q);                      # returns 1
  $Q2 = $Q1->clone;
  $Q2 = new QRY( 
                new R( 
                       new Q( 'coreceptor', 'CCR5' ),
                       new Q( 'country', 'ZA')
                      )
               );
  (QRY::And($Q, $Q2))->isnull;                       # returns 1
  $Q3 = QRY::Or($Q, $Q2);
  print $Q3->A;                                      # prints '(CCR5 CXCR4)[coreceptor] (ZA)[country]'

DESCRIPTION

The QRY package provides a query parser for Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery. Currently, the parser supports AND, OR, and () operations. The structure of the LANL cgi makes it tricky to perform NOTs, though this could be implemented if the desire were great.

Two class methods do the work. QRY::_parse_q does a first-pass parse of the query string. QRY::_make_q interprets the parse tree as returned by QRY::_parse_q and produces an array of hash structures that can be used directly by Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery query execution methods. Validation of query fields and options is performed at the Bio::DB::Query::HIVQuery level, not here.

QRY objects are collections of R (or request) objects, which are in turn collections of Q (or atomic query) objects. Q objects represent a query on a single field, with match data options ORed together, e.g. (A B)[subtype]. R objects collect Q objects that could be processed in a single HTTP request; i.e., a set of atomic queries each having different fields ANDed together, such as

  (A B)[subtype] AND ('CCR5')[coreceptor] AND (US CA)[country]

The QRY object collects Rs that cannot be reduced (through logical operations) to a single HTTP request, e.g.

  ((C)[subtype] AND (SI)[phenotype]) OR ( (D)[subtype] AND (NSI)[phenotype] ),

which cannot be got in one go through the current LANL cgi implementation (as far as I can tell). The parser will simplify something like

  ((C)[subtype] AND (SI)[phenotype]) OR ((C)[subtype] AND (NSI)[phenotype])

to the single request

  (C)[subtype] AND (NSI SI)[phenotype]

however.

The operators & and | are overloaded to QRY::And and QRY::Or, to get Perl precedence and grouping for free. bool is overloaded to get symbolic tests such as if ($QRY) {stuff}. == is overloaded with QRY::Eq for convenience. No overloading is done for R or Q.

CLASS METHODS

_make_q

 Title   : _make_q 
 Usage   : QRY::_make_q($parsetree)
 Function: creates hash structures suitable for HIVQuery from parse tree
           returned by QRY::_parse_q
 Example :
 Returns : array of hashrefs of query specs
 Args    : a hashref

_make_q_guts

 Title   : _make_q_guts (Internal class method)
 Usage   : _make_q_guts($ptree, $q_expr, $qarry, $anarry)
 Function: traverses the parse tree returned from QRY::_parse_q, checking
           syntax and creating HIVQuery-compliant query structures
 Example :
 Returns : 
 Args    : $parse_tree (hashref), $query_expression (scalar string ref),
           $query_array (array ref : stack for returning query structures),
           $annotation_array (array ref : stack for returning annotation
           fields)

_parse_q

 Title   : _parse_q 
 Usage   : QRY::_parse_q($query_string)
 Function: perform first pass parse of a query string with some syntax 
           checking, return a parse tree suitable for QRY::_make_q
 Example : QRY::_parse_q(" to[be] OR (not to)[be] ");
 Returns : hashref
 Args    : query string

CONSTRUCTOR

QRY Constructor

 Title   : QRY constructor
 Usage   : $QRY = new QRY()
 Function:
 Example :
 Returns : 
 Args    : array of R objects, optional

INSTANCE METHODS

requests

 Title   : requests
 Usage   : $QRY->requests
 Function: get/set array of requests comprising this QRY object
 Example :
 Returns : 
 Args    : array of class R objects

put_requests

 Title   : put_requests
 Usage   : $QRY->put_request(@R)
 Function: add object of class R to $QRY
 Example :
 Returns : 
 Args    : [an array of] of class R object[s]

isnull

 Title   : isnull
 Usage   : $QRY->isnull
 Function: test if QRY object is null
 Example :
 Returns : 1 if null, 0 otherwise
 Args    :

A

 Title   : A
 Usage   : print $QRY->A
 Function: get a string representation of QRY object
 Example :
 Returns : string scalar
 Args    :

len

 Title   : len
 Usage   : $QRY->len
 Function: get number of class R objects contained by QRY object
 Example :
 Returns : scalar
 Args    :

clone

 Title   : clone
 Usage   : $QRY2 = $QRY1->clone;
 Function: create and return a clone of the object
 Example :
 Returns : object of class QRY
 Args    :

CLASS METHODS

Or

 Title   : Or 
 Usage   : $QRY3 = QRY::Or($QRY1, $QRY2)
 Function: logical OR for QRY objects
 Example :
 Returns : a QRY object
 Args    : two class QRY objects

And

 Title   : And 
 Usage   : $QRY3 = QRY::And($QRY1, $QRY2)
 Function: logical AND for QRY objects
 Example :
 Returns : a QRY object
 Args    : two class QRY objects

Bool

 Title   : Bool 
 Usage   : QRY::Bool($QRY1)
 Function: allows symbolic testing of QRY object when bool overloaded
 Example : do {stuff} if $QRY1 *same as* do {stuff} if !$QRY1->isnull
 Returns : 
 Args    : a class QRY object

Eq

 Title   : Eq 
 Usage   : QRY::Eq($QRY1, $QRY2)
 Function: test if R objects in two QRY objects are the same
           (irrespective of order)
 Example : 
 Returns : 1 if equal, 0 otherwise
 Args    : two class QRY objects

Class R - request objects for QRY algebra

SYNOPSIS

  $R = new R( $q1, $q2 );
  $R->put_atoms($q3);
  $R->del_atoms('coreceptor', 'phenotype');
  return $R->clone;
  $R1 = new R( new Q('subtype', 'B') );
  $R2 = new R( new Q('subtype', 'B C'), 
               new Q('country', 'US') );
  R::Eq( (R::And($R1, $R2))[0], 
         new R( new Q('subtype', 'B' ), 
                new Q('country', 'US') ));                 # returns 1
  QRY::Eq( new QRY(R::Or($R1, $R2)), new QRY($R1, $R2) );  # returns 1
  R::In( (R::And($R1, $R2))[0], $R1 );                     # returns 1

DESCRIPTION

Class R objects contain a list of atomic queries (class Q objects). Each class R object represents a single HTTP request to the LANL DB. When converted to a DB query, the class Q objects contained by an R object are effectively ANDed.

CONSTRUCTOR

R constructor

 Title   : R constructor
 Usage   : $R = new R()
 Function: create a new R (request) object
 Example :
 Returns : class R (request) object
 Args    : optional, array of class Q objects

INSTANCE METHODS

len

 Title   : len
 Usage   : $R->len
 Function: get number of class Q objects contained in R object
 Example :
 Returns : scalar
 Args    :

atoms

 Title   : atoms
 Usage   : $R->atoms( [optional $field])
 Function: get array of class Q (atomic query) objects in class R object
 Example : $R->atoms(); $R->atoms('coreceptor')
 Returns : array of class Q objects (all Qs or those corresponding to $field 
           if present)
 Args    : optional, scalar string

fields

 Title   : fields
 Usage   : $R->fields
 Function: get array of fields of all Q objects contained in $R
 Example :
 Returns : array of scalars
 Args    :

put_atoms

 Title   : put_atoms
 Usage   : $R->put_atoms( @q )
 Function: AND an atomic query (class Q object) to the class R object's list
 Example :
 Returns : void
 Args    : an [array of] class Q object[s]

del_atoms

 Title   : del_atoms
 Usage   : $R->del_atoms( @qfields )
 Function: removes class Q objects from R object's list according to the
           field names given in arguments
 Example :
 Returns : the class Q objects deleted
 Args    : scalar array of field names

isnull

 Title   : isnull
 Usage   : $R->isnull
 Function: test if class R object is null
 Example :
 Returns : 1 if null, 0 otherwise
 Args    :

A

 Title   : A
 Usage   : print $R->A
 Function: get a string representation of class R object
 Example :
 Returns : string scalar
 Args    :

clone

 Title   : clone
 Usage   : $R2 = $R1->clone;
 Function: create and return a clone of the object
 Example :
 Returns : object of class R
 Args    :

CLASS METHODS

In

 Title   : In 
 Usage   : R::In($R1, $R2)
 Function: tests whether the query represented by $R1 would return a subset
           of items returned by the query represented by $R2
 Example : print "R2 gets those and more" if R::In($R1, $R2);
 Returns : 1 if R1 is subset of R2, 0 otherwise
 Args    : two class R objects

And

 Title   : And 
 Usage   : @Rresult = R::And($R1, $R2)
 Function: logical AND for R objects
 Example :
 Returns : an array containing class R objects
 Args    : two class R objects

Or

 Title   : Or 
 Usage   : @Rresult = R::Or($R1, $R2)
 Function: logical OR for R objects
 Example :
 Returns : an array containing class R objects
 Args    : two class R objects

Eq

 Title   : Eq 
 Usage   : R::Eq($R1, $R2)
 Function: test if class Q objects in two R objects are the same
           (irrespective of order)
 Example : 
 Returns : 1 if equal, 0 otherwise
 Args    : two class R objects

Class Q - atomic query objects for QRY algebra

SYNOPSIS

    $q = new Q('coreceptor', 'CXCR4 CCR5');
    $u = new Q('coreceptor', 'CXCR4');
    $q->fld;                                 # returns 'coreceptor'
    $q->dta;                                 # returns 'CXCR4 CCR5'
    print $q->A;                             # prints '(CXCR4 CCR5)[coreceptor]
    Q::qeq($q, $u);                          # returns 0
    Q::qeq( Q::qor($q, $q), $q );            # returns 1
    Q::qin($u, $q)                           # returns 1
    Q::qeq(Q::qand($u, $q), $u );            # returns 1

DESCRIPTION

Class Q objects represent atomic queries, that can be described by a single LANL cgi parameter=value pair. Class R objects (requests) are built from class Qs. The logical operations at the higher levels (QRY, R) ultimately depend on the lower level operations on Qs: qeq, qin, qand, qor.

CONSTRUCTOR

Q constructor

 Title   : Q constructor
 Usage   : $q = new Q($field, $data)
 Function: create a new Q (atomic query) object
 Example :
 Returns : class Q object
 Args    : optional $field, $data strings

INSTANCE METHODS

isnull

 Title   : isnull
 Usage   : $q->isnull
 Function: test if class Q object is null
 Example :
 Returns : 1 if null, 0 otherwise
 Args    :

fld

 Title   : fld
 Usage   : $q->fld($field)
 Function: get/set fld (field name) property
 Example :
 Returns : scalar 
 Args    : scalar

dta

 Title   : dta
 Usage   : $q->dta($data)
 Function: get/set dta (whsp-separated data string) property
 Example :
 Returns : scalar 
 Args    : scalar

A

 Title   : A
 Usage   : print $q->A
 Function: get a string representation of class Q object
 Example :
 Returns : string scalar
 Args    :

clone

 Title   : clone
 Usage   : $q2 = $q1->clone;
 Function: create and return a clone of the object
 Example :
 Returns : object of class Q
 Args    :

CLASS METHODS

qin

 Title   : qin 
 Usage   : Q::qin($q1, $q2)
 Function: tests whether the query represented by $q1 would return a subset
           of items returned by the query represented by $q2
 Example : print "q2 gets those and more" if Q::qin($q1, $q2);
 Returns : 1 if q1 is subset of q2, 0 otherwise
 Args    : two class Q objects

qeq

 Title   : qeq 
 Usage   : Q::qeq($q1, $q2)
 Function: test if fld and dta properties in two class Q objects are the same
           (irrespective of order)
 Example : 
 Returns : 1 if equal, 0 otherwise
 Args    : two class Q objects

qor

 Title   : qor 
 Usage   : @qresult = Q::qor($q1, $q2)
 Function: logical OR for Q objects
 Example :
 Returns : an array of class Q objects 
 Args    : two class Q objects

qand

 Title   : qand 
 Usage   : @qresult = Q::And($q1, $q2)
 Function: logical AND for R objects
 Example :
 Returns : an array of class Q objects
 Args    : two class Q objects

INTERNALS

unique

 Title   : unique
 Usage   : @ua = unique(@a)
 Function: return contents of @a with duplicates removed
 Example :
 Returns : 
 Args    : an array

Additional tools for Bio::AnnotationCollectionI

SYNOPSIS

    $seq->annotation->put_value('patient_id', 1401)
    $seq->annotation->get_value('patient_ids')                   # returns 1401
    $seq->annotation->put_value('patient_group', 'MassGenH')
    $seq->annotation->put_value(['clinical', 'cd4count'], 503);
    $seq->annotation->put_value(['clinical', 'virus_load'], 150805);
    foreach ( qw( cd4count virus_load ) ) {
        $blood_readings{$_} = $seq->annonation->get_value(['clinical', $_]);
    }

DESCRIPTION

get_value() and put_value allow easy creation of and access to an annotation collection tree with nodes of Bio::Annotation::SimpleValue. These methods obiviate direct accession of the SimpleValue objects.

get_value

 Title   : get_value
 Usage   : $ac->get_value($tagname) -or-
           $ac->get_value( $tag_level1, $tag_level2,... )
 Function: access the annotation value assocated with the given tags
 Example :
 Returns : a scalar
 Args    : an array of tagnames that descend into the annotation tree

put_value

 Title   : put_value
 Usage   : $ac->put_value($tagname, $value) -or-
           $ac->put_value([$tag_level1, $tag_level2, ...], $value) -or-
           $ac->put_value( [$tag_level1, $tag_level2, ...] )
 Function: create a node in an annotation tree, and assign a scalar value to it
           if a value is specified
 Example :
 Returns : scalar or a Bio::AnnotationCollection object
 Args    : $tagname, $value scalars (can be specified as -KEYS=>$tagname,
           -VALUE=>$value) -or- 
           \@tagnames, $value (or as -KEYS=>\@tagnames, -VALUE=>$value )
 Note    : If intervening nodes do not exist, put_value creates them, replacing 
           existing nodes. So if $ac->put_value('x', 10) was done, then later,
           $ac->put_value(['x', 'y'], 20), the original value of 'x' is trashed,           and $ac->get_value('x') will now return the annotation collection 
           with tagname 'y'.