Config::Model::BackendMgr - Load configuration node on demand
version 2.106
# Use BackendMgr to write data in Yaml file use Config::Model; # define configuration tree object my $model = Config::Model->new; $model->create_config_class( name => "Foo", element => [ [qw/foo bar/] => { type => 'leaf', value_type => 'string' }, ] ); $model->create_config_class( name => "MyClass", # read_config spec is used by Config::Model::BackendMgr read_config => [ { backend => 'yaml', config_dir => '/tmp/', file => 'my_class.yml', auto_create => 1, }, ], element => [ [qw/foo bar/] => { type => 'leaf', value_type => 'string' }, hash_of_nodes => { type => 'hash', # hash id index_type => 'string', cargo => { type => 'node', config_class_name => 'Foo' }, }, ], ); my $inst = $model->instance( root_class_name => 'MyClass' ); my $root = $inst->config_root; # put data my $steps = 'foo=FOO hash_of_nodes:fr foo=bonjour - hash_of_nodes:en foo=hello '; $root->load( steps => $steps ); $inst->write_back; # now look at file /tmp/my_class.yml
This class provides a way to specify how to load or store configuration data within the model.
With these specifications, all configuration information is read during creation of a node (which triggers the creation of a backend manager object) and written back when write_back method is called (either on the node or on this backend manager).
This load/store can be done with different backends:
Any of the Config::Model::Backend::* classes available on your system. For instance Config::Model::Backend::Yaml.
Config::Model::Backend::*
Config::Model::Backend::Yaml
cds_file: Config dump string (cds) in a file. I.e. a string that describes the content of a configuration tree is loaded from or saved in a text file. This format is defined by this project. See "load string syntax" in Config::Model::Loader.
cds_file
perl_file: Perl data structure (perl) in a file. See Config::Model::DumpAsData for details on the data structure.
perl_file
custom: specifies a dedicated class and function to read and load the configuration tree. This is provided for backward compatibility and should not be used for new projects.
custom
When needed, write_back method can be called on the instance (See Config::Model::Instance) to store back all configuration information.
write_back
The backend specification is provided as an attribute of a Config::Model::Node specification. These attributes are optional: A node without read_config attribute must rely on another node for its data to be read and saved.
read_config
When needed (usually for the root node), the configuration class is declared with a read_config parameter. This parameter is a list of possible backend. Usually, only one read backend is needed.
The following parameters are accepted by all backends:
Specify configuration directory. This parameter is optional as the directory can be hardcoded in the custom class. config_dir beginning with '~' is munged so ~ is replaced by File::HomeDir->my_data. See File::HomeDir for details.
config_dir
~
File::HomeDir->my_data
Specify configuration file name (without the path). This parameter is optional as the file name can be hardcoded in the custom class.
The configuration file name can be specified with &index keyword when a backend is associated to a node contained in a hash. For instance, with file set to &index.conf:
&index
file
&index.conf
service # hash element foo # hash index nodeA # values of nodeA are stored in foo.conf bar # hash index nodeB # values of nodeB are stored in bar.conf
Likewise, the keyword &element can be used to specify the file name. For instance, with file set to &element-&index.conf:
&element
&element-&index.conf
service # hash element foo # hash index nodeA # values of nodeA are stored in service.foo.conf bar # hash index nodeB # values of nodeB are stored in service.bar.conf
Alternatively, file can be set to -, in which case, the configuration is read from STDIN.
-
file_mode parameter can be used to set the mode of the written file(s). file_mode value can be in any form supported by "chmod" in Path::Tiny. Example:
file_mode
file_mode => 0664, file_mode => '0664', file_mode => 'g+w'
Specify alternate location of a configuration directory depending on the OS (as returned by $^O, see "PLATFORMS" in perlport). For instance:
$^O
config_dir => '/etc/ssh', os_config_dir => { darwin => '/etc' }
Optional. Specifies where to find a global configuration file that specifies default values. For instance, this is used by OpenSSH to specify a global configuration file (/etc/ssh/ssh_config) that is overridden by user's file:
/etc/ssh/ssh_config
'default_layer' => { os_config_dir => { 'darwin' => '/etc' }, config_dir => '/etc/ssh', file => 'ssh_config' }
Only the 3 above parameters can be specified in default_layer.
default_layer
By default, an exception is thrown if no read was successful. This behavior can be overridden by specifying auto_create => 1 in one of the backend specification. For instance:
auto_create => 1
read_config => [ { backend => 'IniFile', config_dir => '/tmp', file => 'foo.conf', auto_create => 1 } ],
Setting auto_create to 1 is necessary to create a configuration from scratch
auto_create
When auto_create is set in write backend, missing directory and files are created with current umask. Default is false.
Delete configuration files that contains no data. (default is to leave an empty file)
Specify the backend name and the parameters of the backend defined in their documentation.
For instance:
read_config => [{ backend => 'yaml', config_dir => '/tmp/', file => 'my_class.yml', }],
See Config::Model::Backend::Yaml for more details for this backend.
You can also write a dedicated backend. See How to write your own backend for details.
cds_file and perl_file backend must be specified with mandatory config_dir parameter. For instance:
read_config => { backend => 'cds_file' , config_dir => '/etc/cfg_dir', file => 'cfg_file.cds', #optional },
When file is not specified, a file name is constructed with <instance_name>.<suffix> where suffix is pl or cds.
<instance_name>.<suffix>
pl
cds
Custom backend is provided to be backward compatible but should not be used for new project. Writing your own backend is preferred.
Custom backend must be specified with a class name that features the methods used to write and read the configuration files:
read_config => [ { backend => 'custom' , class => 'MyRead', function => 'read_it", # optional, defaults to 'read' config_dir => '/etc/foo', # optional file => 'foo.conf', # optional } ]
custom backend parameters are:
Specify the class that contains the read methods
Function name that is called back to read the file. See "read callback" for details. (default is read)
read
optional. Configuration file. This parameter may not apply if the configuration is stored in several files. By default, the instance name is used as configuration file name.
Most of the times, there's no need to create a write specification: the read specification is enough for this module to write back the configuration file.
The write method must be specified if the writer class is not the same as the reader class or if the writer method is not write:
write
write_config => [ { backend => 'custom' , class => 'MyWrite', function => 'write_it", # optional, defaults to 'read' config_dir => '/etc/foo', # optional file => 'foo.conf', # optional } ]
Read callback function is called with these parameters:
object => $obj, # Config::Model::Node object root => './my_test', # fake root directory, used for tests config_dir => /etc/foo', # absolute path file => 'foo.conf', # file name file_path => './my_test/etc/foo/foo.conf' io_handle => $io # IO::File object with binmode :utf8 check => [yes|no|skip]
The IO::File object is undef if the file cannot be read.
The callback must return 0 on failure and 1 on successful read.
Write callback function is called with these parameters:
object => $obj, # Config::Model::Node object root => './my_test', # fake root directory, used for tests config_dir => /etc/foo', # absolute path file => 'foo.conf', # file name file_path => './my_test/etc/foo/foo.conf' io_handle => $io # IO::File object opened in write mode # with binmode :utf8 auto_create => 1 # create dir as needed check => [yes|no|skip]
The IO::File object is undef if the file cannot be written to.
The callback must return 0 on failure and 1 on successful write.
read_config tries all the specified backends. This feature can be used to migrate from one syntax to another.
In this example, backend manager first tries to read an INI file and then to read a YAML file:
read_config => [ { backend => 'IniFile', ... }, { backend => 'yaml', ... }, ],
When a read operation is successful, the remaining read methods are skipped.
Likewise, the write_config specification accepts several backends. By default, the specifications are tried in order, until the first succeeds.
write_config
In the example above, the migration from INI to YAML can be achieved by specifying only the YAML backend:
write_config => [ { backend => 'yaml', ... }, ],
By default, configurations files are read from the directory specified by config_dir parameter specified in the model. You may override the root directory for test.
root
When both config_dir and file are specified, this class write-opens the configuration file (and thus clobber it) before calling the write call-back and pass the file handle with io_handle parameter. write should use this handle to write data in the target configuration file.
io_handle
If this behavior causes problem (e.g. with augeas backend), the solution is either to set file to undef or an empty string in the write_config specification.
Returns 1 if at least one of the backends support to read and write annotations (aka comments) in the configuration file.
Dominique Dumont, (ddumont at cpan dot org)
Config::Model, Config::Model::Instance, Config::Model::Node, Config::Model::Dumper
Dominique Dumont
This software is Copyright (c) 2005-2017 by Dominique Dumont.
This is free software, licensed under:
The GNU Lesser General Public License, Version 2.1, February 1999
To install Config::Model, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm Config::Model
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install Config::Model
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.