NAME

perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION

This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION

perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language

SYNOPSIS
Overview
Tutorials
Reference Manual
Internals and C Language Interface
Miscellaneous
Platform-Specific
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
NOTES

perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Running Perl programs
Basic syntax overview
Perl variable types

Scalars, Arrays, Hashes

Variable scoping
Conditional and looping constructs

if, while, for, foreach

Builtin operators and functions

Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, Miscellaneous

Files and I/O
Regular expressions

Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features

Writing subroutines
OO Perl
Using Perl modules
AUTHOR

perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/01/31 04:27:54 $)

DESCRIPTION
perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
perlfaq3: Programming Tools
perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
perlfaq5: Files and Formats
perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
perlfaq8: System Interaction
perlfaq9: Networking
About the perlfaq documents
Where to get the perlfaq
How to contribute to the perlfaq
What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors
Credits
Bundled Distributions
Disclaimer
Changes

1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97

perlbook - Perl book information

DESCRIPTION

perlsyn - Perl syntax

DESCRIPTION
Declarations
Simple statements
Compound statements
Loop Control
For Loops
Foreach Loops
Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
Goto
PODs: Embedded Documentation
Plain Old Comments (Not!)

perldata - Perl data types

DESCRIPTION
Variable names
Context
Scalar values
Scalar value constructors
List value constructors
Slices
Typeglobs and Filehandles
SEE ALSO

perlop - Perl operators and precedence

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
The Arrow Operator
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
Exponentiation
Symbolic Unary Operators
Binding Operators
Multiplicative Operators
Additive Operators
Shift Operators
Named Unary Operators
Relational Operators
Equality Operators
Bitwise And
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
C-style Logical And
C-style Logical Or
Range Operators
Conditional Operator
Assignment Operators
Comma Operator
List Operators (Rightward)
Logical Not
Logical And
Logical or and Exclusive Or
C Operators Missing From Perl

unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

Quote and Quote-like Operators
Regexp Quote-Like Operators

?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, 'STRING', qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF

Gory details of parsing quoted constructs

Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, <<'EOF', m'', s''', tr///, y///, '', q//, "", ``, qq//, qx//, <file*glob>, ?RE?, /RE/, m/RE/, s/RE/foo/,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of regular expressions

I/O Operators
Constant Folding
Bitwise String Operators
Integer Arithmetic
Floating-point Arithmetic
Bigger Numbers

perlsub - Perl subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Private Variables via my()
Persistent Private Variables
Temporary Values via local()
Lvalue subroutines
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
When to Still Use local()
Pass by Reference
Prototypes
Constant Functions
Overriding Built-in Functions
Autoloading
Subroutine Attributes
SEE ALSO

perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

DESCRIPTION
Perl Functions by Category

Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted in perl5

Portability
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

-X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE, abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///

perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

DESCRIPTION
Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
The Solution
Syntax
Making References
Using References
An Example
Arrow Rule
Solution
The Rest
Summary
Credits
Distribution Conditions

perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

DESCRIPTION

arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs

REFERENCES
COMMON MISTAKES
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict
DEBUGGING
CODE EXAMPLES
ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
HASHES OF ARRAYS
Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
ARRAYS OF HASHES
Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
HASHES OF HASHES
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Database Ties
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

DESCRIPTION
The Guide
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
More matching
Search and replace
The split operator
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Acknowledgments

perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

DESCRIPTION
Ordinary Paragraph
Verbatim Paragraph
Command Paragraph

=head1 Heading Text, =head2 Heading Text, =head3 Heading Text, =head4 Heading Text, =over indentlevel, =item stuff..., =back, =cut, =pod, =begin formatname, =end formatname, =for formatname text...

Formatting Codes

I<text> -- italic text, B<text> -- bold text, C<code> -- code text, L<name> -- a hyperlink, E<escape> -- a character escape, F<filename> -- used for filenames, S<text> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, X<topic name> -- an index entry, Z<> -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code

The Intent
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
Hints for Writing Pod
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

DESCRIPTION
Pod Definitions
Pod Commands

"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."

Pod Formatting Codes

I<text> -- italic text, B<text> -- bold text, C<code> -- code text, F<filename> -- style for filenames, X<topic name> -- an index entry, Z<> -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code, L<name> -- a hyperlink, E<escape> -- a character escape, S<text> -- text contains non-breaking spaces

Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
About L<...> Codes

First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:

About =over...=back Regions
About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlstyle - Perl style guide

DESCRIPTION

perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

DESCRIPTION
Awk Traps
C Traps
Sed Traps
Shell Traps
Perl Traps
Perl4 to Perl5 Traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance

Parsing Traps

Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing

Numerical Traps

Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops

General data type traps

(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)

Context Traps - scalar, list contexts

(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)

Precedence Traps

Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence

General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.

Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression

Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps

(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle

OS Traps

(SysV), (SysV)

Interpolation Traps

Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation

DBM Traps

DBM, DBM

Unclassified Traps

require/do trap using returned value, split on empty string with LIMIT specified

perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
#! and quoting on non-Unix systems

OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS

Location of Perl
Command Switches

-0[digits], -a, -C, -c, -d, -d:foo[=bar,baz], -Dletters, -Dnumber, -e commandline, -Fpattern, -h, -i[extension], -Idirectory, -l[octnum], -m[-]module, -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n, -p, -P, -s, -S, -t, -T, -u, -U, -v, -V, -V:name, -w, -W, -X, -x directory

ENVIRONMENT

HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)

DESCRIPTION

accept() on closed socket %s, Allocation too large: %lx, '!' allowed only after types %s, Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Ambiguous range in transliteration operator, Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s, '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line, '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Args must match #! line, Arg too short for msgsnd, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s, Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s(), assertion botched: %s, Assertion failed: file "%s", Assignment to both a list and a scalar, Attempt to access key '%_' in fixed hash, Attempt to bless into a reference, Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%lx, Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to free temp prematurely, Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers, Attempt to free unreferenced scalar, Attempt to join self, Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, Bad arg length for %s, is %d, should be %s, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad filehandle: %s, Bad free() ignored, Bad hash, Bad index while coercing array into hash, Badly placed ()'s, Bad name after %s::, Bad realloc() ignored, Bad symbol for array, Bad symbol for filehandle, Bad symbol for hash, Bareword found in conditional, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, BEGIN failed--compilation aborted, BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted, \1 better written as $1, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, bind() on closed socket %s, binmode() on closed filehandle %s, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Bizarre copy of %s in %s, -P not allowed for setuid/setgid script, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Callback called exit, %s() called too early to check prototype, / cannot take a count, Can't bless non-reference value, Can't call method "%s" in empty package "%s", Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference, Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference, Can't chdir to %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't coerce %s to integer in %s, Can't coerce %s to number in %s, Can't coerce %s to string in %s, Can't create pipe mailbox, Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file, Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s, Can't do inplace edit without backup, Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique, Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, Can't do setegid!, Can't do seteuid!, Can't do setuid, Can't do waitpid with flags, Can't emulate -%s on #! line, Can't exec "%s": %s, Can't exec %s, Can't execute %s, Can't find an opnumber for "%s", Can't find %s character property "%s", Can't find label %s, Can't find %s on PATH, Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH, Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF, Can't find %s property definition %s, Can't fork, Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer?, Can't get pipe mailbox device name, Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF, Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop, Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine, Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't "last" outside a loop block, Can't localize lexical variable %s, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't localize through a reference, Can't locate %s, Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC, Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s", (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?), Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA, Can't make list assignment to \%ENV on this system, Can't modify %s in %s, Can't modify nonexistent substring, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't msgrcv to read-only var, Can't "next" outside a loop block, Can't open %s: %s, Can't open bidirectional pipe, Can't open error file %s as stderr, Can't open input file %s as stdin, Can't open output file %s as stdout, Can't open output pipe (name: %s), Can't open perl script%s: %s, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't "redo" outside a loop block, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file, Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode, Can't resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Can't reswap uid and euid, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context, Can't return outside a subroutine, Can't stat script "%s", Can't swap uid and euid, Can't take log of %g, Can't take sqrt of %g, Can't undef active subroutine, Can't unshift, Can't upgrade that kind of scalar, Can't upgrade to undef, Can't use an undefined value as %s reference, Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available, Can't use %s for loop variable, Can't use global %s in "my", Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison, Can't use %s ref as %s ref, Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Can't use subscript on %s, Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression, Can't weaken a nonreference, Can't x= to read-only value, Character in "C" format wrapped, Character in "c" format wrapped, close() on unopened filehandle %s, %s: Command not found, Compilation failed in require, Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded, connect() on closed socket %s, Constant(%s)%s: %s, Constant is not %s reference, Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a reference, CORE::%s is not a keyword, corrupted regexp pointers, corrupted regexp program, Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%lx at 0x%lx, -p destination: %s, -T and -B not implemented on filehandles, Deep recursion on subroutine "%s", defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed, Delimiter for here document is too long, Did not produce a valid header, %s did not return a true value, (Did you mean &%s instead?), (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?), Died, Document contains no data, %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed, Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s', do_study: out of memory, (Do you need to predeclare %s?), dump() better written as CORE::dump(), Duplicate free() ignored, elseif should be elsif, Empty %s, entering effective %s failed, Error converting file specification %s, %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', Excessively long <> operator, exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system, Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors, Exiting eval via %s, Exiting format via %s, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Exiting subroutine via %s, Exiting substitution via %s, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), %s: Expression syntax, %s failed--call queue aborted, False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, Fatal VMS error at %s, line %d, fcntl is not implemented, Filehandle %s opened only for input, Filehandle %s opened only for output, Final $ should be \$ or $name, Final @ should be \@ or @name, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Quantifier follows nothing in regex;, Format not terminated, Format %s redefined, Found = in conditional, should be ==, %s found where operator expected, gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s", gethostent not implemented, get%sname() on closed socket %s, getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s", getsockopt() on closed socket %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, glob failed (%s), Glob not terminated, Got an error from DosAllocMem, goto must have label, %s-group starts with a count, %s had compilation errors, Had to create %s unexpectedly, Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s(), %s has too many errors, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Identifier too long, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s, Illegal division by zero, Illegal hexadecimal digit %s ignored, Illegal modulus zero, Illegal number of bits in vec, Illegal octal digit %s, Illegal octal digit %s ignored, Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, (in cleanup) %s, In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647, Insecure dependency in %s, Insecure directory in %s, Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s, Integer overflow in %s number, Internal disaster in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks, Internal urp in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, %s (...) interpreted as function, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, Invalid [] range "%s" in transliteration operator, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', ioctl is not implemented, ioctl() on unopened %s, IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture, `%s' is not a code reference, `%s' is not an overloadable type, junk on end of regexp, Label not found for "last %s", Label not found for "next %s", Label not found for "redo %s", leaving effective %s failed, listen() on closed socket %s, lstat() on filehandle %s, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex;, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, Malformed prototype for %s: %s, Malformed UTF-8 character (%s), Malformed UTF-16 surrogate, %s matches null string many times in regex;, "%s" may clash with future reserved word, % may only be used in unpack, Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing, Method %s not permitted, Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d, Misplaced _ in number, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing comma after first argument to %s function, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", Missing $ on loop variable, (Missing operator before %s?), Missing right brace on %s, Missing right curly or square bracket, (Missing semicolon on previous line?), Modification of a read-only value attempted, Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s, Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s, Module name must be constant, Module name required with -%c option, More than one argument to open, msg%s not implemented, Multidimensional syntax %s not supported, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must follow a numeric type, "my sub" not yet implemented, "my" variable %s can't be in a package, Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Negative length, Negative offset to vec in lvalue context, Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, %s never introduced, No %s allowed while running setuid, No -e allowed in setuid scripts, No comma allowed after %s, No command into which to pipe on command line, No DB::DB routine defined, No dbm on this machine, No DBsub routine, No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line, No input file after < on command line, No #! line, "no" not allowed in expression, No output file after > on command line, No output file after > or >> on command line, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No Perl script found in input, No setregid available, No setreuid available, No space allowed after -%c, No %s specified for -%c, No such class %s, No such pipe open, No such pseudo-hash field "%s", No such pseudo-hash field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, No such signal: SIG%s, Not a CODE reference, Not a format reference, Not a GLOB reference, Not a HASH reference, Not an ARRAY reference, Not a perl script, Not a SCALAR reference, Not a subroutine reference, Not a subroutine reference in overload table, Not enough arguments for %s, Not enough format arguments, %s: not found, %s not allowed in length fields, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Null filename used, NULL OP IN RUN, Null picture in formline, Null realloc, NULL regexp argument, NULL regexp parameter, Number too long, Octal number in vector unsupported, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, Odd number of elements in anonymous hash, Odd number of elements in hash assignment, Offset outside string, -%s on unopened filehandle %s, %s() on unopened %s, oops: oopsAV, oops: oopsHV, Operation `%s': no method found, %s, Operator or semicolon missing before %s, "our" variable %s redeclared, Out of memory!, Out of memory during "large" request for %s, Out of memory during request for %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Out of memory for yacc stack, @ outside of string, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, page overflow, panic: %s, panic: ck_grep, panic: ck_split, panic: corrupt saved stack index, panic: del_backref, panic: die %s, panic: pp_match%s, panic: do_subst, panic: do_trans_%s, panic: frexp, panic: goto, panic: INTERPCASEMOD, panic: INTERPCONCAT, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: last, panic: leave_scope clearsv, panic: leave_scope inconsistency, panic: magic_killbackrefs, panic: malloc, panic: mapstart, panic: null array, panic: pad_alloc, panic: pad_free curpad, panic: pad_free po, panic: pad_reset curpad, panic: pad_sv po, panic: pad_swipe curpad, panic: pad_swipe po, panic: pp_iter, panic: pp_split, panic: realloc, panic: restartop, panic: return, panic: scan_num, panic: sv_insert, panic: top_env, panic: yylex, panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Perl %s required--this is only version %s, stopped, PERL_SH_DIR too long, perl: warning: Setting locale failed, perlio: argument list not closed for layer "%s", perlio: invalid separator character %s in attribute list, perlio: unknown layer "%s", Permission denied, pid %x not a child, P must have an explicit size, POSIX syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes in regex;, POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex;, POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex;, POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex;, POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s), Premature end of script headers, printf() on closed filehandle %s, print() on closed filehandle %s, Process terminated by SIG%s, Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s, Prototype not terminated, Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex;, Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression;, Range iterator outside integer range, readline() on closed filehandle %s, Reallocation too large: %lx, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch, Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s', Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method %s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Reference is already weak, Reference miscount in sv_replace(), Reference to nonexistent group in regex;, regexp memory corruption, Regexp out of space, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, Reversed %s= operator, Runaway format, Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s], Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Scalars leaked: %d, Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl, Search pattern not terminated, %sseek() on unopened filehandle, select not implemented, Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported, Semicolon seems to be missing, semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string, sem%s not implemented, send() on closed socket %s, Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, Sequence (?{...}) not terminated or not {}-balanced in regex;, Sequence (?%s...) not implemented in regex;, Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex;, Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex;, 500 Server error, Server error, setegid() not implemented, seteuid() not implemented, setpgrp can't take arguments, setrgid() not implemented, setruid() not implemented, setsockopt() on closed socket %s, Setuid/gid script is writable by world, shm%s not implemented, <> should be quotes, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", shutdown() on closed socket %s, SIG%s handler "%s" not defined, sort is now a reserved word, Sort subroutine didn't return a numeric value, Sort subroutine didn't return single value, splice() offset past end of array, Split loop, Statement unlikely to be reached, stat() on unopened filehandle %s, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading %s, Subroutine %s redefined, Substitution loop, Substitution pattern not terminated, Substitution replacement not terminated, substr outside of string, suidperl is no longer needed since %s, Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex;, Switch condition not recognized in regex;, switching effective %s is not implemented, syntax error, syntax error at line %d: `%s' unexpected, syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s", %s syntax OK, System V %s is not implemented on this machine, syswrite() on closed filehandle %s, Target of goto is too deeply nested, tell() on unopened filehandle, That use of $[ is unsupported, The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia, The %s function is unimplemented, The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), times not implemented, Too few args to syscall, Too late for "-T" option, Too late for "-%s" option, Too late to run %s block, Too many args to syscall, Too many arguments for %s, Too many )'s, Too many ('s, Trailing \ in regex m/%s/, Transliteration pattern not terminated, Transliteration replacement not terminated, truncate not implemented, Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s), umask not implemented, Unable to create sub named "%s", Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs, Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores, Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs, Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees, Undefined format "%s" called, Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called, Undefined subroutine &%s called, Undefined subroutine called, Undefined subroutine in sort, Undefined top format "%s" called, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, %s: Undefined variable, unexec of %s into %s failed!, Unicode character %s is illegal, Unknown BYTEORDER, Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s), Unknown switch condition (?(%.2s in regex;, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unknown warnings category '%s', unmatched [ in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, unmatched ( in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/, Unmatched right %s bracket, Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word, Unrecognized character %s, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through in regex;, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unrecognized signal name "%s", Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options), Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline, Unsupported directory function "%s" called, Unsupported function %s, Unsupported function fork, Unsupported script encoding, Unsupported socket function "%s" called, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated compressed integer, Unterminated <> operator, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex;, Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex;, Useless use of %s in void context, Useless use of "re" pragma, Useless use of sort in scalar context, Useless use of %s with no values, "use" not allowed in expression, Use of bare << to mean <<"" is deprecated, Use of *glob{FILEHANDLE} is deprecated, Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() deprecated, Use of implicit split to @_ is deprecated, Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated, Use of -l on filehandle %s, Use of "package" with no arguments is deprecated, Use of %s in printf format not supported, Use of $* is deprecated, Use of %s is deprecated, Use of $# is deprecated, Use of reference "%s" as array index, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated, Use of uninitialized value%s, Using a hash as a reference is deprecated, Using an array as a reference is deprecated, UTF-16 surrogate %s, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Variable "%s" is not imported%s, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable syntax, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, Variable length lookbehind not implemented in regex;, Version number must be a constant number, v-string in use/require is non-portable, Warning: something's wrong, Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly, Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous, Wide character in %s, write() on closed filehandle %s, X outside of string, x outside of string, Xsub "%s" called in sort, Xsub called in sort, YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!, You need to quote "%s"

perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

DESCRIPTION
Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
What's wrong with -w and $^W
Controlling Warnings from the Command Line

-w, -W, -X

Backward Compatibility
Category Hierarchy
Fatal Warnings
Reporting Warnings from a Module
TODO
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

DESCRIPTION
use strict
Looking at data and -w and v
help
Stepping through code
Placeholder for a, w, t, T
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
OUTPUT TIPS
CGI
GUIs
SUMMARY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS

perldebug - Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION
The Perl Debugger
Debugger Commands

h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage]

Configurable Options

recallCommand, ShellBang, pager, tkRunning, signalLevel, warnLevel, dieLevel, AutoTrace, LineInfo, inhibit_exit, PrintRet, ornaments, frame, maxTraceLen, windowSize, arrayDepth, hashDepth, dumpDepth, compactDump, veryCompact, globPrint, DumpDBFiles, DumpPackages, DumpReused, quote, HighBit, undefPrint, UsageOnly, TTY, noTTY, ReadLine, NonStop

Debugger input/output

Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame listing

Debugging compile-time statements
Debugger Customization
Readline Support
Editor Support for Debugging
The Perl Profiler
Debugging regular expressions
Debugging memory usage
SEE ALSO
BUGS

perlvar - Perl predefined variables

DESCRIPTION
Predefined Names

$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<digits>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, $` is the same as substr($var, 0, $-[0]), $& is the same as substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]), $' is the same as substr($var, $+[0]), $1 is the same as substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]), $2 is the same as substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2]), $3 is the same as substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]), HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}

Error Indicators
Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
BUGS

perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Open à la shell
Simple Opens
Pipe Opens
The Minus File
Mixing Reads and Writes
Filters
Open à la C
Permissions à la mode
Obscure Open Tricks
Re-Opening Files (dups)
Dispelling the Dweomer
Paths as Opens
Single Argument Open
Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
Other I/O Issues
Opening Non-File Files
Binary Files
File Locking
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlpacktut - tutorial on pack and unpack

DESCRIPTION
The Basic Principle
Packing Text
Packing Numbers
Integers
Unpacking a Stack Frame
How to Eat an Egg on a Net
Floating point Numbers
Exotic Templates
Bit Strings
Uuencoding
Doing Sums
Unicode
Another Portable Binary Encoding
Lengths and Widths
String Lengths
Dynamic Templates
Packing and Unpacking C Structures
The Alignment Pit
Alignment, Take 2
Alignment, Take 3
Pointers for How to Use Them
Pack Recipes
Funnies Section
Authors

perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

DESCRIPTION
Part 1: The basics
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
Building a regexp
Using regular expressions in Perl
Part 2: Power tools
More on characters, strings, and character classes
Compiling and saving regular expressions
Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
Non-capturing groupings
Looking ahead and looking behind
Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
Conditional expressions
A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
Pragmas and debugging
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments

perlre - Perl regular expressions

DESCRIPTION

i, m, s, x

Regular Expressions

[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit

Extended Patterns

(?#text), (?imsx-imsx), (?:pattern), (?imsx-imsx:pattern), (?=pattern), (?!pattern), (?<=pattern), (?<!pattern), (?{ code }), (??{ code }), (?>pattern), (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern), (?(condition)yes-pattern)

Backtracking
Version 8 Regular Expressions
Warning on \1 vs $1
Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
Combining pieces together

ST, S|T, S{REPEAT_COUNT}, S{min,max}, S{min,max}?, S?, S*, S+, S??, S*?, S+?, (?>S), (?=S), (?<=S), (?!S), (?<!S), (??{ EXPR }), (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)

Creating custom RE engines
BUGS
SEE ALSO

perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

NOTE
DESCRIPTION
Making References
Using References
Symbolic references
Not-so-symbolic references
Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
Function Templates
WARNING
SEE ALSO

perlform - Perl formats

DESCRIPTION
Format Variables
NOTES
Footers
Accessing Formatting Internals
WARNINGS

perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial

DESCRIPTION
If we could talk to the animals...
Introducing the method invocation arrow
Invoking a barnyard
The extra parameter of method invocation
Calling a second method to simplify things
Inheriting the windpipes
A few notes about @ISA
Overriding the methods
Starting the search from a different place
The SUPER way of doing things
Where we're at so far...
A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
Invoking an instance method
Accessing the instance data
How to build a horse
Inheriting the constructor
Making a method work with either classes or instances
Adding parameters to a method
More interesting instances
A horse of a different color
Summary
SEE ALSO

perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl

DESCRIPTION
Creating a Class
Object Representation
Class Interface
Constructors and Instance Methods
Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
Destructors
Other Object Methods
Class Data
Accessing Class Data
Debugging Methods
Class Destructors
Documenting the Interface
Aggregation
Inheritance
Overridden Methods
Multiple Inheritance
UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
Alternate Object Representations
Arrays as Objects
Closures as Objects
AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
Autoloaded Data Methods
Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
Metaclassical Tools
Class::Struct
Data Members as Variables
NOTES
Object Terminology
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments

perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Class Data in a Can
Class Data as Package Variables
Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
Inheritance Concerns
The Eponymous Meta-Object
Indirect References to Class Data
Monadic Classes
Translucent Attributes
Class Data as Lexical Variables
Privacy and Responsibility
File-Scoped Lexicals
More Inheritance Concerns
Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
Translucency Revisited
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
HISTORY

perlobj - Perl objects

DESCRIPTION
An Object is Simply a Reference
A Class is Simply a Package
A Method is Simply a Subroutine
Method Invocation
Indirect Object Syntax
Default UNIVERSAL methods

isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

Destructors
Summary
Two-Phased Garbage Collection
SEE ALSO

perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)

DESCRIPTION
OO SCALING TIPS
INSTANCE VARIABLES
SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
THINKING OF CODE REUSE
CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
DELEGATION

perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tying Scalars

TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

Tying Arrays

TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

Tying Hashes

USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

Tying FileHandles

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

UNTIE this
The untie Gotcha
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHOR

perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

DESCRIPTION
Signals
Named Pipes
WARNING
Using open() for IPC
Filehandles
Background Processes
Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
Safe Pipe Opens
Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
Sockets: Client/Server Communication
Internet Line Terminators
Internet TCP Clients and Servers
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
TCP Clients with IO::Socket
A Simple Client

Proto, PeerAddr, PeerPort

A Webget Client
Interactive Client with IO::Socket
TCP Servers with IO::Socket

Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

UDP: Message Passing
SysV IPC
NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes

$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to files, directories and network sockets

Resource limits
Killing the parent process
Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS

BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions

BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Storing numbers
Numeric operators and numeric conversions
Flavors of Perl numeric operations

Arithmetic operators except, no integer, Arithmetic operators except, use integer, Bitwise operators, no integer, Bitwise operators, use integer, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a string

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl

DESCRIPTION

perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl

DESCRIPTION
What Is A Thread Anyway?
Threaded Program Models
Boss/Worker
Work Crew
Pipeline
Native threads
What kind of threads are perl threads?
Threadsafe Modules
Thread Basics
Basic Thread Support
Creating Threads
Giving up control
Waiting For A Thread To Exit
Errors In Threads
Ignoring A Thread
Threads And Data
Shared And Unshared Data
Thread Pitfall: Races
Controlling access: lock()
Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
Queues: Passing Data Around
Threads And Code
Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access

Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores

Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
Subroutine Locks
Methods
Locking A Subroutine
General Thread Utility Routines
What Thread Am I In?
Thread IDs
Are These Threads The Same?
What Threads Are Running?
A Complete Example
Conclusion
Bibliography
Introductory Texts
Other References
Acknowledgements
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perlport - Writing portable Perl

DESCRIPTION

Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already is portable

ISSUES
Newlines
Numbers endianness and Width
Files and Filesystems
System Interaction
Interprocess Communication (IPC)
External Subroutines (XS)
Standard Modules
Time and Date
Character sets and character encoding
Internationalisation
System Resources
Security
Style
CPAN Testers

Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: http://testers.cpan.org/

PLATFORMS
Unix
DOS and Derivatives
Mac OS
VMS
VOS
EBCDIC Platforms
Acorn RISC OS
Other perls
FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

-X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS

CHANGES

v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998

Supported Platforms
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
VERSION

perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)

DESCRIPTION
PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
USING LOCALES
The use locale pragma
The setlocale function
Finding locales
LOCALE PROBLEMS
Temporarily fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
Fixing system locale configuration
The localeconv function
I18N::Langinfo
LOCALE CATEGORIES
Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
LC_TIME
Other categories
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT

PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG

NOTES
Backward compatibility
I18N:Collate obsolete
Sort speed and memory use impacts
write() and LC_NUMERIC
Freely available locale definitions
I18n and l10n
An imperfect standard
BUGS
Broken systems
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

DESCRIPTION
Unicode
Perl's Unicode Support
Perl's Unicode Model
Creating Unicode
Handling Unicode
Legacy Encodings
Unicode I/O
Displaying Unicode As Text
Special Cases
Advanced Topics
Miscellaneous
Questions With Answers

, , , , , ,

Hexadecimal Notation
Further Resources
UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Important Caveats

Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, use utf8 still needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts

Byte and Character semantics
Effects of character semantics
Scripts
Blocks
Character encodings for input and output
CAVEATS
UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL
Unicode Encodings
Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8
Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Using Unicode in XS
SEE ALSO

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms

DESCRIPTION
COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
ASCII
ISO 8859
Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
EBCDIC
13 variant characters
0037
1047
POSIX-BC
Unicode and UTF
Using Encode
SINGLE OCTET TABLES

recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6

IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
CONVERSIONS
tr///
iconv
C RTL
OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
FUNCTION DIFFERENCES

chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()

REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
SOCKETS
SORTING
Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
MONO CASE then sort data.
Convert, sort data, then re convert.
Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
URL decoding and encoding
uu encoding and decoding
Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
Caesarian ciphers
Hashing order and checksums
I18N AND L10N
MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
OS ISSUES
OS/400

IFS access

OS/390, z/OS

chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales

VM/ESA?
POSIX-BC?
BUGS
SEE ALSO
REFERENCES
HISTORY
AUTHOR

perlsec - Perl security

DESCRIPTION
Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
Switches On the "#!" Line
Cleaning Up Your Path
Security Bugs
Protecting Your Programs
SEE ALSO

perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

DESCRIPTION
Packages
Symbol Tables
Package Constructors and Destructors
Perl Classes
Perl Modules
Making your module threadsafe
SEE ALSO

perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE

DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module

PORTABILITY
HEY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

DESCRIPTION
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
Pragmatic Modules

attributes, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, overload, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register

Standard Modules

AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32

Extension Modules
CPAN
Africa
Asia
Central America
Europe
North America
Oceania
South America
Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
Guidelines for Module Creation
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
NOTE

perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

INTRODUCTION
QUICK CHECKLIST
Before you start
The API
Stability
Documentation
Release considerations
BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
Has it been done before?
Do one thing and do it well
What's in a name?
DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
To OO or not to OO?
Designing your API

Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing

Strictness and warnings
Backwards compatibility
Error handling and messages
DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
POD
README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
Version numbering
Pre-requisites
Testing
Packaging
Licensing
COMMON PITFALLS
Reinventing the wheel
Trying to do too much
Inappropriate documentation
SEE ALSO

perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering

AUTHOR

perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

DESCRIPTION
Warning
What should I make into a module?
Step-by-step: Preparing the ground

Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again

Step-by-step: Making the module

Start with h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write tests, Write the README

Step-by-step: Distributing your module

Get a CPAN user ID, perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist, Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.6 $, $Date: 2002/01/31 01:46:23 $)

DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
Which version of Perl should I use?
What are perl4 and perl5?
What is perl6?
How stable is Perl?
Is Perl difficult to learn?
How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
Can I do [task] in Perl?
When shouldn't I program in Perl?
What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
What is a JAPH?
Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/02/08 22:31:57 $)

DESCRIPTION
What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
How can I get a binary version of Perl?
I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.
I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?
Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
Where can I get information on Perl?
What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
Where should I post source code?
Perl Books

References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics

Perl in Magazines
Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
What mailing lists are there for Perl?
Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
Where do I send bug reports?
What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2002/02/11 19:29:52 $)

DESCRIPTION
How do I do (anything)?
How can I use Perl interactively?
Is there a Perl shell?
How do I debug my Perl programs?
How do I profile my Perl programs?
How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
Is there a ctags for Perl?
Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?

Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha

Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
How can I use curses with Perl?
How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
How can I make my Perl program run faster?
How can I make my Perl program take less memory?

Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk

Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
How can I compile Perl into Java?
How can I get #!perl to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?
When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
What's MakeMaker?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.14 $, $Date: 2002/02/08 22:30:23 $)

DESCRIPTION
Data: Numbers
Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?
How do I convert between numeric representations?

How do I convert Hexadecimal into decimal:, How do I convert from decimal to hexadecimal:, How do I convert from octal to decimal:, How do I convert from decimal to octal:, How do I convert from binary to decimal:, How do I convert from decimal to binary:

Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
How do I multiply matrices?
How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
How can I output Roman numerals?
Why aren't my random numbers random?
Data: Dates
How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
How do I find the current century or millennium?
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
How can I find the Julian Day?
How do I find yesterday's date?
Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
Data: Strings
How do I validate input?
How do I unescape a string?
How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
How do I expand function calls in a string?
How do I find matching/nesting anything?
How do I reverse a string?
How do I expand tabs in a string?
How do I reformat a paragraph?
How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?
How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files)
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
How do I extract selected columns from a string?
How do I find the soundex value of a string?
How can I expand variables in text strings?
What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
Why don't my <<HERE documents work?

1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of the tag

Data: Arrays
What is the difference between a list and an array?
What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?

a), b), c), d), e)

How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?
How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?
How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
How do I handle linked lists?
How do I handle circular lists?
How do I shuffle an array randomly?
How do I process/modify each element of an array?
How do I select a random element from an array?
How do I permute N elements of a list?
How do I sort an array by (anything)?
How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
How do I process an entire hash?
What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?
How do I look up a hash element by value?
How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
How can I always keep my hash sorted?
What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?
How can I use a reference as a hash key?
Data: Misc
How do I handle binary data correctly?
How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
How do I define methods for every class/object?
How do I verify a credit card checksum?
How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/02/11 19:30:21 $)

DESCRIPTION
How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
How do I count the number of lines in a file?
How do I make a temporary file name?
How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
How can I write() into a string?
How can I output my numbers with commas added?
How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
How can I reliably rename a file?
How can I lock a file?
Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?
All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking?
How do I randomly update a binary file?
How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I print to more than one file at once?
How can I read in an entire file all at once?
How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
How do I do a tail -f in perl?
How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
How do I close a file descriptor by number?
Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
How do I select a random line from a file?
Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/01/31 04:27:55 $)

DESCRIPTION
How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?

Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters

I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?
I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS?
How can I make \w match national character sets?
How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/?
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
What is /o really for?
How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
How do I process each word on each line?
How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
How can I do approximate matching?
How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
Why don't word-boundary searches with \b work for me?
Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
What good is \G in a regular expression?
Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.7 $, $Date: 2002/01/31 04:27:55 $)

DESCRIPTION
Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?
Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?
How do I skip some return values?
How do I temporarily block warnings?
What's an extension?
Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
How do I declare/create a structure?
How do I create a module?
How do I create a class?
How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
What's a closure?
What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?

Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, Passing Methods

How do I create a static variable?
What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?
How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?
What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
How do I create a switch or case statement?
How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
How can I find out my current package?
How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
How do I clear a package?
How can I use a variable as a variable name?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.6 $, $Date: 2002/01/28 04:17:27 $)

DESCRIPTION
How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
How come exec() doesn't return?
How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?

Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

How do I print something out in color?
How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
How do I clear the screen?
How do I get the screen size?
How do I ask the user for a password?
How do I read and write the serial port?

lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input

How do I decode encrypted password files?
How do I start a process in the background?

STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies

How do I trap control characters/signals?
How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
How do I set the time and date?
How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
How can I measure time under a second?
How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
How can I call backticks without shell processing?
Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
How can I convert my shell script to perl?
Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
How can I write expect in Perl?
Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as "ps"?
I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?

Unix

How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?
How do I fork a daemon process?
How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
How do I timeout a slow event?
How do I set CPU limits?
How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
How do I use an SQL database?
How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
How do I open a file without blocking?
How do I install a module from CPAN?
What's the difference between require and use?
How do I keep my own module/library directory?
How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?
How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.7 $, $Date: 2002/01/28 04:17:27 $)

DESCRIPTION
What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error)
How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
How do I remove HTML from a string?
How do I extract URLs?
How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on another machine?
How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
How do I fetch an HTML file?
How do I automate an HTML form submission?
How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
How do I redirect to another page?
How do I put a password on my web pages?
How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?
How do I parse a mail header?
How do I decode a CGI form?
How do I check a valid mail address?
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
How do I return the user's mail address?
How do I send mail?
How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
How do I read mail?
How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
How can I do RPC in Perl?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator

DESCRIPTION
Layout

B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref

Using The Back Ends
The Cross Referencing Back End

i, &, s, r

The Decompiling Back End
The Lint Back End
The Simple C Back End
The Bytecode Back End
The Optimized C Back End

B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref

KNOWN PROBLEMS
AUTHOR

perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE

Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?

ROADMAP
Compiling your C program
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
Maintaining a persistent interpreter
Execution of END blocks
Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C program
Embedding Perl under Win32
MORAL
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION
Debugger Internals
Writing Your Own Debugger
Frame Listing Output Examples
Debugging regular expressions
Compile-time output

anchored STRING at POS, floating STRING at POS1..POS2, matching floating/anchored, minlen, stclass TYPE, noscan, isall, GPOS, plus, implicit, with eval, anchored(TYPE)

Types of nodes
Run-time output
Debugging Perl memory usage
Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}

buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX), Free/Used, Total sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS, pad: 0, heads: 2192, chain: 0, tail: 6144

Example of using -DL switch

717, 002, 054, 602, 702, 704

-DL details

!!!, !!, !

Limitations of -DL statistics
SEE ALSO

perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

DESCRIPTION
SPECIAL NOTES
make
Version caveat
Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
TUTORIAL
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
What has gone on?
Writing good test scripts
EXAMPLE 3
What's new here?
Input and Output Parameters
The XSUBPP Program
The TYPEMAP file
Warning about Output Arguments
EXAMPLE 4
What has happened here?
Anatomy of .xs file
Getting the fat out of XSUBs
More about XSUB arguments
The Argument Stack
Extending your Extension
Documenting your Extension
Installing your Extension
EXAMPLE 5
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 6
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
Troubleshooting these Examples
See also
Author
Last Changed

perlxs - XS language reference manual

DESCRIPTION
Introduction
On The Road
The Anatomy of an XSUB
The Argument Stack
The RETVAL Variable
The MODULE Keyword
The PACKAGE Keyword
The PREFIX Keyword
The OUTPUT: Keyword
The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
The CODE: Keyword
The INIT: Keyword
The NO_INIT Keyword
Initializing Function Parameters
Default Parameter Values
The PREINIT: Keyword
The SCOPE: Keyword
The INPUT: Keyword
The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
The length(NAME) Keyword
Variable-length Parameter Lists
The C_ARGS: Keyword
The PPCODE: Keyword
Returning Undef And Empty Lists
The REQUIRE: Keyword
The CLEANUP: Keyword
The POSTCALL: Keyword
The BOOT: Keyword
The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
The ALIAS: Keyword
The OVERLOAD: Keyword
The INTERFACE: Keyword
The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
The INCLUDE: Keyword
The CASE: Keyword
The & Unary Operator
Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
Using XS With C++
Interface Strategy
Perl Objects And C Structures
The Typemap
Safely Storing Static Data in XS

MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT

EXAMPLES
XS VERSION
AUTHOR

perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions

DESCRIPTION
Conventions

t, p, n, s

File Operations
File Input and Output
File Positioning
Memory Management and String Handling
Character Class Tests
stdlib.h functions
Miscellaneous functions
SEE ALSO

perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API

DESCRIPTION
Variables
Datatypes
What is an "IV"?
Working with SVs
Offsets
What's Really Stored in an SV?
Working with AVs
Working with HVs
Hash API Extensions
References
Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables
Reference Counts and Mortality
Stashes and Globs
Double-Typed SVs
Magic Variables
Assigning Magic
Magic Virtual Tables
Finding Magic
Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
Localizing changes

SAVEINT(int i), SAVEIV(IV i), SAVEI32(I32 i), SAVELONG(long i), SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), SAVEFREESV(SV *sv), SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv), SAVEFREEOP(OP *op), SAVEFREEPV(p), SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv), SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length), SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p), SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p), SAVESTACK_POS(), SV* save_scalar(GV *gv), AV* save_ary(GV *gv), HV* save_hash(GV *gv), void save_item(SV *item), void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg), SV* save_svref(SV **sptr), void save_aptr(AV **aptr), void save_hptr(HV **hptr)

Subroutines
XSUBs and the Argument Stack
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Memory Allocation
PerlIO
Putting a C value on Perl stack
Scratchpads
Scratchpads and recursion
Compiled code
Code tree
Examining the tree
Compile pass 1: check routines
Compile pass 1a: constant folding
Compile pass 2: context propagation
Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
Pluggable runops
Examining internal data structures with the dump functions
How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
So what happened to dTHR?
How do I use all this in extensions?
Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
Internal Functions

A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x

Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
Source Documentation
Unicode Support
What is Unicode, anyway?
How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
How do I convert a string to UTF8?
Is there anything else I need to know?
Custom Operators
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

DESCRIPTION

An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program

THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS

call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

FLAG VALUES
G_VOID
G_SCALAR
G_ARRAY
G_DISCARD
G_NOARGS
G_EVAL
G_KEEPERR
Determining the Context
KNOWN PROBLEMS
EXAMPLES
No Parameters, Nothing returned
Passing Parameters
Returning a Scalar
Returning a list of values
Returning a list in a scalar context
Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
Using G_EVAL
Using G_KEEPERR
Using call_sv
Using call_argv
Using call_method
Using GIMME_V
Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
Strategies for storing Callback Context Information

1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback

Alternate Stack Manipulation
Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DATE

perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

DESCRIPTION
DOCUMENTATION

perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html and pod2latex, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, roffitall

CONVERTORS

a2p, s2p, find2perl

Administration

libnetcfg

Development

perlbug, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, dprofpp, perlcc

SEE ALSO

perlfilter - Source Filters

DESCRIPTION
CONCEPTS
USING FILTERS
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C

Decryption Filters

CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
CONCLUSION
REQUIREMENTS
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
Another Example -- Key is a C int.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API

DESCRIPTION
"Gimme" Values

GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID

Array Manipulation Functions

AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv

Callback Functions

call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS

Character classes

isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER

Cloning an interpreter

perl_clone

CV Manipulation Functions

CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv

Embedding Functions

load_module, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv

Functions in file pp_pack.c

pack_cat, unpack_str

Global Variables

PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes

GV Functions

GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv

Handy Values

HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv

Hash Manipulation Functions

get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv

Magical Functions

mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE

Memory Management

Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero

Miscellaneous Functions

fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE

Numeric functions

grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, scan_hex, scan_oct

Optree Manipulation Functions

cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS

Stack Manipulation Macros

dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES

SV Flags

svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG

SV Manipulation Functions

get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn

Unicode Support

bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags

Variables created by xsubpp and xsubpp internal functions

ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK

Warning and Dieing

croak, warn

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions

DESCRIPTION
Global Variables

PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs

GV Functions

is_gv_magical

IO Functions

start_glob

Pad Data Structures

CvPADLIST

Stack Manipulation Macros

djSP, LVRET

SV Manipulation Functions

report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
History and Background
Layers vs Disciplines
Data Structures
Functions and Attributes
Per-instance Data
Layers in action.
Per-instance flag bits

PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS

Methods in Detail

name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, PERLIO_K_RAW, Pushed, Popped, Open, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt

Core Layers

"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"

Extension Layers

":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"

TODO

perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(), PerlIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...), PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count), PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)

Co-existence with stdio

PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags), PerlIO_findFILE(f), PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)

"Fast gets" Functions

PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f), PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f), PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

Other Functions

PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

perltodo - Perl TO-DO List

DESCRIPTION
To do during 5.6.x
Support for I/O disciplines
Autoload bytes.pm
Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
Overloadable regex assertions
Unicode
use Thread for iThreads
make perl_clone optionally clone ops
Work out exit/die semantics for threads
Typed lexicals for compiler
Compiler workarounds for Win32
AUTOLOADing in the compiler
Fixing comppadlist when compiling
Cleaning up exported namespace
Complete signal handling
Out-of-source builds
POSIX realtime support
UNIX98 support
IPv6 Support
Long double conversion
Locales
Thread-safe regexes
Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
POSIX Unicode character classes
Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
Security audit shipped utilities
Sort out the uid-setting mess
DLL Versioning
Introduce @( and @)
Floating point handling
IV/UV preservation
Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
Automate module testing on CPAN
sendmsg and recvmsg
Rewrite perlre documentation
Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
Document Win32 choices
Check new modules
Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
To do at some point
Remove regular expression recursion
Memory leaks after failed eval
bitfields in pack
Cross compilation
Perl preprocessor / macros
Perl lexer in Perl
Using POSIX calls internally
-i rename file when changed
All ARGV input should act like <>
Support for rerunning debugger
Test Suite for the Debugger
my sub foo { }
One-pass global destruction
Rewrite regexp parser
Cache recently used regexps
Re-entrant functions
Cross-compilation support
Bit-shifting bitvectors
debugger pragma
use less pragma
switch structures
Cache eval tree
rcatmaybe
Shrink opcode tables
Optimize away @_
Prototypes versus indirect objects
Install HTML
Prototype method calls
Return context prototype declarations
magic_setisa
Garbage collection
IO tutorial
Rewrite perldoc
Install .3p manpages
Unicode tutorial
Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
Retargetable installation
POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
Rename Win32 headers
Finish off lvalue functions
Update sprintf documentation
Use fchown/fchmod internally
Make v-strings overloaded objects
Vague ideas
ref() in list context
Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
Compile to real threaded code
Structured types
Modifiable $1 et al.
Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
RPC modules
Attach/detach debugger from running program
GUI::Native
foreach(reverse ...)
Constant function cache
Approximate regular expression matching
Ongoing
Update guts documentation
Add more tests
Update auxiliary tools
Recently done things
Alternative RE syntax module
Safe signal handling
Tie Modules
gettimeofday
setitimer and getimiter
Testing __DIE__ hook
CPP equivalent in Perl
Explicit switch statements
autocroak
UTF/EBCDIC
UTF Regexes
perlcc to produce executable
END blocks saved in compiled output
Secure temporary file module
Integrate Time::HiRes
Turn Cwd into XS
Mmap for input
Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
Add sockatmark support
Mailing list archives
Bug tracking
Integrate MacPerl
Web "nerve center" for Perl
Regular expression tutorial
Debugging Tutorial
Integrate new modules
Integrate profiler
Y2K error detection
Regular expression debugger
POD checker
"Dynamic" lexicals
Cache precompiled modules
Deprecated Wishes
Loop control on do{}
Lexically scoped typeglobs
format BOTTOM
report HANDLE
Generalised want()/caller())
Named prototypes
Built-in globbing
Regression tests for suidperl
Cached hash values
Add compression modules
Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
Remove distinction between functions and operators
Make XS easier to use
Make embedding easier to use
man for perl
my $Package::variable
"or" tests defined, not truth
"class"-based lexicals
byteperl
Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
Make "use utf8" the default
Unicode collation and normalization
Create debugging macros
truncate to the people
pack/unpack tutorial

perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals

DESCRIPTION

Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words

Keeping in sync

rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the NFS, rsync'ing the patches

Why rsync the source tree

It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable

Why rsync the patches

It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour

Perlbug remote interface

1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests

Submitting patches

perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod, The perl5-porters FAQ

Finding Your Way Around

Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter

Elements of the interpreter

Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running

Internal Variable Types
Op Trees
Stacks

Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack

Millions of Macros
Poking at Perl
Using a source-level debugger

run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print

Dumping Perl Data Structures
Patching
Patching a core module
Adding a new function to the core
Writing a test

t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/lib/, t/op/, t/pod/, t/run/, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib

EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
Rational Software's Purify
Purify on Unix

-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity

Purify on NT

DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug

Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
Profiling
Gprof Profiling

-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z

GCC gcov Profiling
Pixie Profiling

-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, -z[ero]

CONCLUSION

The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.

AUTHOR

perlhist - the Perl history records

DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
PUMPKIN?
THE RECORDS
SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
SELECTED PATCH SIZES
THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0

DESCRIPTION
Highlights In 5.8.0
Incompatible Changes
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Attributes for my variables now handled at run-time.
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
New Unicode Properties
Perl Parser Stress Tested
REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
pack/unpack D/F recycled
Deprecations
Core Enhancements
PerlIO is Now The Default
Safe Signals
Unicode Overhaul
Understanding of Numbers
Miscellaneous Changes
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Generic Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Security Vulnerability Closed
New Tests
Known Problems
AIX
Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
FreeBSD 4.5 fails lib/File/Spec/t/rel2abs2rel.t
HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Mac OS X
OS/390
op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
Failure of Thread tests
UNICOS
UNICOS and UNICOS/mk
UTS
VMS
Win32
Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental
Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2

DESCRIPTION
Security Vulnerability Closed
Incompatible Changes
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
Deprecations
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Distributions
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Generic Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Source Code Enhancements
MAGIC constants
Better commented code
Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
gcc -Wall
New Tests
Known Problems
AIX
Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
OS/390
op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
Failure of Thread tests
UNICOS
UTS
VMS
Win32
Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1

DESCRIPTION
Security Vulnerability Closed
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
PerlIO is Now The Default
Signals Are Now Safe
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Performance Enhancements
Utility Changes
New Documentation
perlclib
perliol
README.aix
README.bs2000
README.macos
README.mpeix
README.solaris
README.vos
Porting/repository.pod
Installation and Configuration Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Generic Improvements

d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep

Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
New Tests
Known Problems
AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
lib/b test 19
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
sigaction test 13 in VMS
sprintf tests 129 and 130
Failure of Thread tests
Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0

DESCRIPTION
Security Vulnerability Closed
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Generic Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Storable tests fail in some platforms
Threads Are Still Experimental
The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x

DESCRIPTION
Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
Security Issues
Core bug fixes

UNIVERSAL::isa(), Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, no Module;, Tests

Core features
Configuration issues
Documentation
Bundled modules

B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash

Platform-specific improvements

NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
sort $coderef @foo allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved qw// operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
require and do may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects -c switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
Modules and Pragmata
Modules

attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
-A flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
eval '...' improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
(\$) prototype and $foo{a}
goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
-bareword allowed under use integer
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under -U
END blocks and the -c switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics

"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities

CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, undef fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and \(%h), vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, %@ has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype (*) have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities

PERL_POLLUTE, PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT, PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC

Compatible C Source API Changes

PATCHLEVEL is now PERL_VERSION

Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
Known test failures

, ,

EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features

Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0

DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
sort $coderef @foo allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved qw// operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
require and do may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects -c switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
Modules and Pragmata
Modules

attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
-A flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
eval '...' improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
(\$) prototype and $foo{a}
goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
-bareword allowed under use integer
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under -U
END blocks and the -c switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics

"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities

CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, undef fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and \(%h), vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, %@ has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype (*) have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities

PERL_POLLUTE, PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT, PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC

Compatible C Source API Changes

PATCHLEVEL is now PERL_VERSION

Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Thread test failures
EBCDIC platforms not supported
In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features

Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

DESCRIPTION
About the new versioning system
Incompatible Changes
WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
Default installation structure has changed
Perl Source Compatibility
C Source Compatibility
Binary Compatibility
Security fixes may affect compatibility
Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
Licensing
Core Changes
Threads
Compiler
Regular Expressions

Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes

Improved malloc()
Quicksort is internally implemented
Reliable signals
Reliable stack pointers
More generous treatment of carriage returns
Memory leaks
Better support for multiple interpreters
Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
%! is transparently tied to the Errno module
Pseudo-hashes are supported
EXPR foreach EXPR is supported
Keywords can be globally overridden
$^E is meaningful on Win32
foreach (1..1000000) optimized
Foo:: can be used as implicitly quoted package name
exists $Foo::{Bar::} tests existence of a package
Better locale support
Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
prototype() returns useful results on builtins
Extended support for exception handling
Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
All printf format conversions are handled internally
New INIT keyword
New lock keyword
New qr// operator
our is now a reserved word
Tied arrays are now fully supported
Tied handles support is better
4th argument to substr
Negative LENGTH argument to splice
Magic lvalues are now more magical
<> now reads in records
Supported Platforms
New Platforms
Changes in existing support
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules

B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re

Changes in existing modules

Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd

Utility Changes
Documentation Changes
New Diagnostics

Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed

Obsolete Diagnostics

Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open temporary file, regexp too big

Configuration Changes
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004

DESCRIPTION
Supported Environments
Core Changes
List assignment to %ENV works
Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
$PERL5OPT environment variable
Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
More precise warnings
Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods
Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
Group vector changeable with $)
Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
No resetting of $. on implicit close
wantarray may return undef
eval EXPR determines value of EXPR in scalar context
Changes to tainting checks

No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name

New Opcode module and revised Safe module
Embedding improvements
Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
New and changed syntax

$coderef->(PARAMS)

New and changed builtin constants

__PACKAGE__

New and changed builtin variables

$^E, $^H, $^M

New and changed builtin functions

delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, m//gc does not reset search position on failure, m//x ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested sub{} closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals

New builtin methods

isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

TIEHANDLE now supported

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this

Malloc enhancements

-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
Support for More Operating Systems
Win32
Plan 9
QNX
AmigaOS
Pragmata

use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish

Modules
Required Updates
Installation directories
Module information summary
Fcntl
IO
Math::Complex
Math::Trig
DB_File
Net::Ping
Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
Utility Changes
pod2html

Sends converted HTML to standard output

xsubpp

void XSUBs now default to returning nothing

C Language API Changes

gv_fetchmethod and perl_call_sv, perl_eval_pv, Extended API for manipulating hashes

Documentation Changes

perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib, perldebug, perlsec

New Diagnostics

"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
OS level
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
The IBM ANSI C Compiler
Using GNU's gcc for building perl
Using Large Files with Perl
Threaded Perl
64-bit Perl
AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
AUTHOR
DATE

perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS

Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS

Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
INSTALLATION
Accessing documentation
Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
Making Perl on AmigaOS
Testing Perl on AmigaOS
Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS

DESCRIPTION
General Issues with Perl on BeOS
BeOS Release-specific Notes

R4 x86, R4 PPC

Contact Information
Update 2002-03-02

perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gzip on BS2000
bison on BS2000
Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
Compiling Perl on BS2000
Testing Perl on BS2000
Installing Perl on BS2000
Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
Using Perl in "native" BS2000
Floating point anomalies on BS2000
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list
HISTORY
Name
Description
Build
Tools & SDK
Make
Acknowledgements
Author

perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin

SYNOPSIS
PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
Cygwin Configuration

PATH, nroff, Permissions

CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin

-lcrypt, -lgdbm (use GDBM_File), -ldb (use DB_File), -lcygipc (use IPC::SysV)

Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin

-Uusedl, -Uusemymalloc, -Uuseperlio, -Dusemultiplicity, -Duse64bitint, -Duselongdouble, -Dusethreads, -Duselargefiles, -Dmksymlinks

Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin

dlsym(), Win9x and d_eofnblk, Compiler/Preprocessor defines

MAKE ON CYGWIN
Warnings on Cygwin
ld2 on Cygwin
TEST ON CYGWIN
File Permissions on Cygwin
Script Portability on Cygwin

Pathnames, Text/Binary, .exe, chown(), Miscellaneous

INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
MANIFEST ON CYGWIN

Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts

BUGS ON CYGWIN
AUTHORS
HISTORY

perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
Threaded Perl on DG/UX
Testing Perl on DG/UX
Installing the built perl on DG/UX
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS

DJGPP, Pthreads

Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
Building Perl on DOS
Testing Perl on DOS
Installation of Perl on DOS
BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
Building XS Modules on DOS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC

SYNOPSIS
INTRODUCTION
INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
STARTING PERL ON EPOC
STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
USING PERL ON EPOC
I/O Redirection on Epoc
PATH Names on Epoc
Editors on Epoc
Features of Perl on Epoc
Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE

perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems

DESCRIPTION
Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
PA-RISC
PA-RISC 1.0
PA-RISC 1.1
PA-RISC 2.0
Itanium
Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
The HP ANSI C Compiler
Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
Threaded Perl on HP-UX
64-bit Perl on HP-UX
GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
perl -P and // and HP-UX
HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
AUTHOR
DATE

perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd

DESCRIPTION
Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
AUTHOR

perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
Failures during make test on MachTen

op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t

Building external modules on MachTen
AUTHOR
DATE

perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
DATE

perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT

DESCRIPTION
Known problems with Perl on MiNT
AUTHOR

perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE

SYNOPSIS
NOTE
Binary distribution from HP
What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
Welcome to Perl/iX
System Requirements for Perl/iX
How to Obtain Perl/iX
Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights

README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe

How to Compile Perl/iX
 4,  6
Getting Started with Perl/iX
MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
Perl/iX To-Do List
Perl/iX Change History
AUTHOR
Name
Description
Build
Tools & SDK
Setup

Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat

Make
Interpreter
Extensions
Install
Build new extensions
Known Issues
Acknowledgements
Authors
Date

perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Target
Other OSes
Prerequisites

EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
Frequently asked questions
"It does not work"
I cannot run external programs
I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my program.

Is your program EMX-compiled with -Zmt -Zcrtdll?, Did you use ExtUtils::Embed?

`` and pipe-open do not work under DOS.
Cannot start find.exe "pattern" file
INSTALLATION
Automatic binary installation

PERL_BADLANG, PERL_BADFREE, Config.pm

Manual binary installation

Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh

Warning
Accessing documentation
OS/2 .INF file
Plain text
Manpages
HTML
GNU info files
PDF files
LaTeX docs
BUILD
The short story
Prerequisites
Getting perl source
Application of the patches
Hand-editing
Making
Testing

A lot of bad free, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, op/fs.t, op/stat.t

Installing the built perl
a.out-style build
Build FAQ
Some / became \ in pdksh.
'errno' - unresolved external
Problems with tr or sed
Some problem (forget which ;-)
Library ... not found
Segfault in make
op/sprintf test failure
Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
setpriority, getpriority
system()
extproc on the first line
Additional modules:
Prebuilt methods:

File::Copy::syscopy, DynaLoader::mod2fname, Cwd::current_drive(), Cwd::sys_chdir(name), Cwd::change_drive(name), Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name), Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name), Cwd::sys_is_relative(name), Cwd::sys_cwd(name), Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir), Cwd::extLibpath([type]), Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] ), OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception), OS2::Errors2Drive(drive), OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), OS2::MorphPM(serve), OS2::UnMorphPM(serve), OS2::Serve_Messages(force), OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt]), OS2::_control87(new,mask), OS2::get_control87(), OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)

Prebuilt variables:

$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver

Misfeatures
Modifications

popen, tmpnam, tmpfile, ctermid, stat, mkdir, rmdir, flock

Identifying DLLs
Centralized management of resources

HAB, HMQ

Perl flavors
perl.exe
perl_.exe
perl__.exe
perl___.exe
Why strange names?
Why dynamic linking?
Why chimera build?
ENVIRONMENT
PERLLIB_PREFIX
PERL_BADLANG
PERL_BADFREE
PERL_SH_DIR
USE_PERL_FLOCK
TMP or TEMP
Evolution
Priorities
DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond

Global DLLs, specific DLLs, BEGINLIBPATH and ENDLIBPATH, . from LIBPATH

DLL forwarder generation
Threading
Calls to external programs
Memory allocation
Threads

COND_WAIT, os2.c

BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tools
Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Configure Perl on OS/390
Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
HISTORY

perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX

DESCRIPTION
Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4

/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make

Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
QNX auxiliary files

qnx/ar, qnx/cpp

Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
AUTHOR

perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION
Invoking Perl
What's in Plan 9 Perl
What's not in Plan 9 Perl
Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
Signals in Plan 9 Perl
COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
BUGS
Revision date
AUTHOR

perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems

DESCRIPTION
Solaris Version Numbers.
RESOURCES

Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

SETTING UP
File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
RUN CONFIGURE.
64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
Threads in Perl on Solaris.
Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
MAKE PROBLEMS.

Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found

MAKE TEST
op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
BSD::Resource on Solaris
Net::SSLeay on Solaris
AUTHOR
LAST MODIFIED

perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
Threaded Perl on Tru64
Long Doubles on Tru64
64-bit Perl on Tru64
Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
Testing Perl on Tru64
AUTHOR

perluts - Perl under UTS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUILDING PERL ON UTS
Installing the built perl on UTS
AUTHOR

perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
Configure Perl on VM/ESA
Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA

perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION
Installation
Organization of Perl Images
Core Images
Perl Extensions
Installing static extensions
Installing dynamic extensions
File specifications
Syntax
Wildcard expansion
Pipes
PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
Command line
I/O redirection and backgrounding
Command line switches

-i, -S, -u

Perl functions

File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS

Perl variables

%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|

Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
SDBM_File
Revision date
AUTHOR

perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS

SYNOPSIS
Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
Stratus POSIX Support
INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
Installing Perl 5 on VOS
USING PERL IN VOS
Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
Restrictions of Perl on VOS
SUPPORT STATUS
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE

perlwin32 - Perl under Win32

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Setting Up Perl on Win32

Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC

Building
Testing Perl on Win32
Installation of Perl on Win32
Usage Hints for Perl on Win32

Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things

BUGS AND CAVEATS
AUTHORS

Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

method, locked

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS

share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE

NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid

TODO

Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory leaks!

AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
BUGS

creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be

SEE ALSO

attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Built-in Attributes

locked, method, lvalue

Available Subroutines

get, reftype

Package-specific Attribute Handling

FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES

Syntax of Attribute Lists
EXPORTS
Default exports
Available exports
Export tags defined
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO

attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

method, locked

autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

charnames - define character names for \N{named} string literal escapes.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
charnames::viacode(code)
charnames::vianame(code)
ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
BUGS

constant - Perl pragma to declare constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
List constants
Defining multiple constants at once
Magic constants
TECHNICAL NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning diagnostics

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The diagnostics Pragma
The splain Program
EXAMPLES
INTERNALS
BUGS
AUTHOR

encoding - pragma to control the conversion of legacy data into Unicode

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
KNOWN PROBLEMS
SEE ALSO

fields - compile-time class fields

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new, phash

SEE ALSO

filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
subpragma access

if - use a Perl module if a condition holds

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Adding directories to @INC
Deleting directories from @INC
Restoring original @INC
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
SEE ALSO

ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

overload - Package for overloading perl operations

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Declaration of overloaded functions
Calling Conventions for Binary Operations

FALSE, TRUE, undef

Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
Calling Conventions for Mutators

++ and --, x= and other assignment versions

Overloadable Operations

Arithmetic operations, Comparison operations, Bit operations, Increment and decrement, Transcendental functions, Boolean, string and numeric conversion, Iteration, Dereferencing, Special

Inheritance and overloading

Strings as values of use overload directive, Overloading of an operation is inherited by derived classes

SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR use overload
Last Resort
Fallback

undef, TRUE, defined, but FALSE

Copy Constructor

Example

MAGIC AUTOGENERATION

Assignment forms of arithmetic operations, Conversion operations, Increment and decrement, abs($a), Unary minus, Negation, Concatenation, Comparison operations, Iterator, Dereferencing, Copy operator

Losing overloading
Run-time Overloading
Public functions

overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)

Overloading constants

integer, float, binary, q, qr

IMPLEMENTATION
Metaphor clash
Cookbook
Two-face scalars
Two-face references
Symbolic calculator
Really symbolic calculator
AUTHOR
DIAGNOSTICS

Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable type, `%s' is not a code reference

BUGS

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
SIGNAL HANDLERS

stack-trace, die, handler your-handler

SIGNAL LISTS

normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals

OTHER

untrapped, any, signal, number

EXAMPLES

sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

strict refs, strict vars, strict subs

subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid

TODO

Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory leaks!

AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
BUGS

creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be

SEE ALSO

threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS

share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE

NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Utility functions

$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)

SEE ALSO

vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

vmsish status, vmsish exit, vmsish time, vmsish hushed

warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $message)

warnings::register - warnings import function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION

AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DBM Comparisons

[0], [1], [2], [3]

SEE ALSO

Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Typed lexicals
Type-specific attribute handlers
Non-interpretive attribute handlers
Phase-specific attribute handlers
Attributes as tie interfaces
EXAMPLES
DIAGNOSTICS

Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s), Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s attributes, Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with future reserved word, Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine, Can't autotie a %s, Internal error: %s symbol went missing, Won't be able to apply END handler

AUTHOR
BUGS
COPYRIGHT

AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Subroutine Stubs
Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Package Lexicals
Not Using AutoLoader
AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO

AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$keep, $check, $modtime

Multiple packages
DIAGNOSTICS

B - The Perl Compiler

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
B::SV METHODS

REFCNT, FLAGS

B::IV METHODS

IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

B::NV METHODS

NV, NVX

B::RV METHODS

RV

B::PV METHODS

PV, RV, PVX

B::PVMG METHODS

MAGIC, SvSTASH

B::MAGIC METHODS

MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX

B::PVLV METHODS

TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

B::BM METHODS

USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE

B::GV METHODS

is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS

B::IO METHODS

LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD

B::AV METHODS

FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS

B::CV METHODS

STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv

B::HV METHODS

FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY

B::OP METHODS

next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private

B::UNOP METHOD

first

B::BINOP METHOD

last

B::LOGOP METHOD

other

B::LISTOP METHOD

children

B::PMOP METHODS

pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags, pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet

B::SVOP METHOD

sv, gv

B::PADOP METHOD

padix

B::PVOP METHOD

pv

B::LOOP METHODS

redoop, nextop, lastop

B::COP METHODS

label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line

FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY B

main_cv, init_av, begin_av, end_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, regex_padav, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names

AUTHOR

B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate bytecode

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

%insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name

AUTHOR

B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHORS

B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

find_leaders

AUTHOR

B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-ofilename, -afilename, --, -f, -fcompress-nullops, -fomit-sequence-numbers, -fbypass-nullops, -On, -D, -Do, -Db, -Da, -DC, -S, -upackage

EXAMPLES
BUGS
AUTHORS

B::C - Perl compiler's C backend

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -D, -Do, -Dc, -DA, -DC, -DM, -f, -fcog, -fsave-data, -fppaddr, -fwarn-sv, -fuse-script-name, -fsave-sig-hash, -On, -O0, -O1, -O2, -llimit

EXAMPLES
BUGS
AUTHOR

B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -mModulename, -D, -Dr, -DO, -Ds, -Dp, -Dq, -Dl, -Dt, -f, -ffreetmps-each-bblock, -ffreetmps-each-loop, -fomit-taint, -On

EXAMPLES
BUGS
DIFFERENCES
Loops
Context of ".."
Arithmetic
Deprecated features
AUTHOR

B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
OPTIONS

-basic, -exec, -tree, -compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii, -main, -basen, -bigendian, -littleendian, -concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env

FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS

(x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*), (?(text1#varText2)?), #var, #varN, ~, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel, #exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #sibaddr, #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife, #typenum

ABBREVIATIONS
OP flags abbreviations
OP class abbreviations
Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
AUTHOR

B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-l, -p, -P, -q, -fFILE, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING., -xLEVEL

USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
Synopsis
Description
new
ambient_pragmas

strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits

coderef2text
BUGS
AUTHOR

B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Lint - Perl lint

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS

context, implicit-read and implicit-write, dollar-underscore, private-names, undefined-subs, regexp-variables, all, none

NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS

-u Package

BUGS
AUTHOR

B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVENTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
AUTHOR

B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded

B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-oFILENAME, -r, -D[tO]

BUGS
AUTHOR

Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

find_leaders

AUTHOR

Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods

new, debug, iters

Standard Exports

timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

Optional Exports

clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )

NOTES
EXAMPLES
INHERITANCE
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY

ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-ofilename, -afilename, --, -f, -fcompress-nullops, -fomit-sequence-numbers, -fbypass-nullops, -On, -D, -Do, -Db, -Da, -DC, -S, -upackage

EXAMPLES
BUGS
AUTHORS

CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
PROGRAMMING STYLE
CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE

:cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :html4, :netscape, :html, :standard, :all

PRAGMAS

-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles

SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS

1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a </ul> tag)

GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER

Parameters:, 4, 5, 6..

ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL

-absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info), -query (-query_string), -base

MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
AUTOESCAPING HTML

$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);

PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
STARTING AND ENDING A FORM

application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data

CREATING A TEXT FIELD

Parameters

CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD

Parameters

CREATING A POPUP MENU
CREATING A SCROLLING LIST

Parameters:

Parameters:

CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX

Parameters:

CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP

Parameters:

CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON

Parameters:

CREATING A RESET BUTTON
CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD

Parameters:

CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON

Parameters:

CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
HTTP COOKIES

1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -name, -value, -path, -domain, -expires, -secure

WORKING WITH FRAMES

1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in the <form> tag

LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
DEBUGGING
DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

Accept(), raw_cookie(), user_agent(), path_info(), path_translated(), remote_host(), script_name(), referer(), auth_type (), server_name (), virtual_host (), server_port (), server_software (), remote_user (), user_name (), request_method(), content_type(), http(), https()

USING NPH SCRIPTS

In the use statement, By calling the nph() method:, By using -nph parameters

Server Push

multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()

Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks

$CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-by-script basis, 2. Globally for all scripts

COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
AUTHOR INFORMATION
CREDITS

Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more..

A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
Changing the default message
MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
CHANGE LOG
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USING CGI::Cookie

1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag

Creating New Cookies
Recovering Previous Cookies
Manipulating Cookies

name(), value(), domain(), path(), expires()

AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION

FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE

CAVEATS
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tags that won't be formatted
Customizing the Indenting
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USING CGI::Push

-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph

Heterogeneous Pages
Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
SEE ALSO

CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Interactive Mode

Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or distribution, ls author, Signals

CPAN::Shell
autobundle
recompile
The four CPAN::* Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
Programmer's interface

expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples

Methods in the other Classes

CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()

Cache Manager
Bundles
Prerequisites
Finding packages and VERSION
Debugging
Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
CONFIGURATION

o conf <scalar option>, o conf <scalar option> <value>, o conf <list option>, o conf <list option> [shift|pop], o conf <list option> [unshift|push|splice] <list>

Note on urllist parameter's format
urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
SECURITY
EXPORT
POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
Three basic types of firewalls

http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade

Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
FAQ

1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)

BUGS
AUTHOR
TRANSLATIONS
SEE ALSO

CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Forcing a Stack Trace
BUGS

Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside

Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)

CAUTIONARY NOTES
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The struct() function
Class Creation at Compile Time
Element Types and Accessor Methods

Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'), Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name')

Initializing with new
EXAMPLES

Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

Author and Modification History

Config - access Perl configuration information

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)

EXAMPLE
WARNING
GLOSSARY
_

_a, _exe, _o

a

afs, afsroot, alignbytes, ansi2knr, aphostname, api_revision, api_subversion, api_version, api_versionstring, ar, archlib, archlibexp, archname64, archname, archobjs, awk

b

baserev, bash, bin, bincompat5005, binexp, bison, byacc, byteorder

c

c, castflags, cat, cc, cccdlflags, ccdlflags, ccflags, ccflags_uselargefiles, ccname, ccsymbols, ccversion, cf_by, cf_email, cf_time, charsize, chgrp, chmod, chown, clocktype, comm, compress, contains, cp, cpio, cpp, cpp_stuff, cppccsymbols, cppflags, cpplast, cppminus, cpprun, cppstdin, cppsymbols, cryptlib, csh

d

d__fwalk, d_access, d_accessx, d_alarm, d_archlib, d_atolf, d_atoll, d_attribut, d_bcmp, d_bcopy, d_bincompat5005, d_bsd, d_bsdgetpgrp, d_bsdsetpgrp, d_bzero, d_casti32, d_castneg, d_charvspr, d_chown, d_chroot, d_chsize, d_class, d_closedir, d_cmsghdr_s, d_const, d_crypt, d_csh, d_cuserid, d_dbl_dig, d_dbminitproto, d_difftime, d_dirfd, d_dirnamlen, d_dlerror, d_dlopen, d_dlsymun, d_dosuid, d_drand48proto, d_dup2, d_eaccess, d_endgrent, d_endhent, d_endnent, d_endpent, d_endpwent, d_endsent, d_eofnblk, d_eunice, d_fchdir, d_fchmod, d_fchown, d_fcntl, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fd_macros, d_fd_set, d_fds_bits, d_fgetpos, d_finite, d_finitel, d_flexfnam, d_flock, d_flockproto, d_fork, d_fp_class, d_fpathconf, d_fpclass, d_fpclassify, d_fpclassl, d_fpos64_t, d_frexpl, d_fs_data_s, d_fseeko, d_fsetpos, d_fstatfs, d_fstatvfs, d_fsync, d_ftello, d_ftime, d_Gconvert, d_getcwd, d_getespwnam, d_getfsstat, d_getgrent, d_getgrps, d_gethbyaddr, d_gethbyname, d_gethent, d_gethname, d_gethostprotos, d_getitimer, d_getlogin, d_getmnt, d_getmntent, d_getnbyaddr, d_getnbyname, d_getnent, d_getnetprotos, d_getpagsz, d_getpbyname, d_getpbynumber, d_getpent, d_getpgid, d_getpgrp2, d_getpgrp, d_getppid, d_getprior, d_getprotoprotos, d_getprpwnam, d_getpwent, d_getsbyname, d_getsbyport, d_getsent, d_getservprotos, d_getspnam, d_gettimeod, d_gnulibc, d_grpasswd, d_hasmntopt, d_htonl, d_index, d_inetaton, d_int64_t, d_isascii, d_isfinite, d_isinf, d_isnan, d_isnanl, d_killpg, d_lchown, d_ldbl_dig, d_link, d_locconv, d_lockf, d_longdbl, d_longlong, d_lseekproto, d_lstat, d_madvise, d_mblen, d_mbstowcs, d_mbtowc, d_memchr, d_memcmp, d_memcpy, d_memmove, d_memset, d_mkdir, d_mkdtemp, d_mkfifo, d_mkstemp, d_mkstemps, d_mktime, d_mmap, d_modfl, d_modfl_pow32_bug, d_mprotect, d_msg, d_msg_ctrunc, d_msg_dontroute, d_msg_oob, d_msg_peek, d_msg_proxy, d_msgctl, d_msgget, d_msghdr_s, d_msgrcv, d_msgsnd, d_msync, d_munmap, d_mymalloc, d_nice, d_nl_langinfo, d_nv_preserves_uv, d_nv_preserves_uv_bits, d_off64_t, d_old_pthread_create_joinable, d_oldpthreads, d_oldsock, d_open3, d_pathconf, d_pause, d_perl_otherlibdirs, d_phostname, d_pipe, d_poll, d_portable, d_PRId64, d_PRIeldbl, d_PRIEUldbl, d_PRIfldbl, d_PRIFUldbl, d_PRIgldbl, d_PRIGUldbl, d_PRIi64, d_PRIo64, d_PRIu64, d_PRIx64, d_PRIXU64, d_procselfexe, d_pthread_atfork, d_pthread_yield, d_pwage, d_pwchange, d_pwclass, d_pwcomment, d_pwexpire, d_pwgecos, d_pwpasswd, d_pwquota, d_qgcvt, d_quad, d_readdir, d_readlink, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_rename, d_rewinddir, d_rmdir, d_safebcpy, d_safemcpy, d_sanemcmp, d_sbrkproto, d_sched_yield, d_scm_rights, d_SCNfldbl, d_seekdir, d_select, d_sem, d_semctl, d_semctl_semid_ds, d_semctl_semun, d_semget, d_semop, d_sendmsg, d_setegid, d_seteuid, d_setgrent, d_setgrps, d_sethent, d_setitimer, d_setlinebuf, d_setlocale, d_setnent, d_setpent, d_setpgid, d_setpgrp2, d_setpgrp, d_setprior, d_setproctitle, d_setpwent, d_setregid, d_setresgid, d_setresuid, d_setreuid, d_setrgid, d_setruid, d_setsent, d_setsid, d_setvbuf, d_sfio, d_shm, d_shmat, d_shmatprototype, d_shmctl, d_shmdt, d_shmget, d_sigaction, d_sigprocmask, d_sigsetjmp, d_sockatmark, d_sockatmarkproto, d_socket, d_socklen_t, d_sockpair, d_socks5_init, d_sqrtl, d_sresgproto, d_sresuproto, d_statblks, d_statfs_f_flags, d_statfs_s, d_statvfs, d_stdio_cnt_lval, d_stdio_ptr_lval, d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt, d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt, d_stdio_stream_array, d_stdiobase, d_stdstdio, d_strchr, d_strcoll, d_strctcpy, d_strerrm, d_strerror, d_strftime, d_strtod, d_strtol, d_strtold, d_strtoll, d_strtoq, d_strtoul, d_strtoull, d_strtouq, d_strxfrm, d_suidsafe, d_symlink, d_syscall, d_syscallproto, d_sysconf, d_sysernlst, d_syserrlst, d_system, d_tcgetpgrp, d_tcsetpgrp, d_telldir, d_telldirproto, d_time, d_times, d_truncate, d_tzname, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_umask, d_uname, d_union_semun, d_unordered, d_usleep, d_usleepproto, d_ustat, d_vendorarch, d_vendorbin, d_vendorlib, d_vfork, d_void_closedir, d_voidsig, d_voidtty, d_volatile, d_vprintf, d_wait4, d_waitpid, d_wcstombs, d_wctomb, d_writev, d_xenix, date, db_hashtype, db_prefixtype, db_version_major, db_version_minor, db_version_patch, defvoidused, direntrytype, dlext, dlsrc, doublesize, drand01, dynamic_ext

e

eagain, ebcdic, echo, egrep, emacs, eunicefix, exe_ext, expr, extensions, extras

f

fflushall, fflushNULL, find, firstmakefile, flex, fpossize, fpostype, freetype, from, full_ar, full_csh, full_sed

g

gccosandvers, gccversion, gidformat, gidsign, gidsize, gidtype, glibpth, gmake, grep, groupcat, groupstype, gzip

h

h_fcntl, h_sysfile, hint, hostcat

i

i16size, i16type, i32size, i32type, i64size, i64type, i8size, i8type, i_arpainet, i_bsdioctl, i_db, i_dbm, i_dirent, i_dld, i_dlfcn, i_fcntl, i_float, i_fp, i_fp_class, i_gdbm, i_grp, i_ieeefp, i_inttypes, i_langinfo, i_libutil, i_limits, i_locale, i_machcthr, i_malloc, i_math, i_memory, i_mntent, i_ndbm, i_netdb, i_neterrno, i_netinettcp, i_niin, i_poll, i_prot, i_pthread, i_pwd, i_rpcsvcdbm, i_sfio, i_sgtty, i_shadow, i_socks, i_stdarg, i_stddef, i_stdlib, i_string, i_sunmath, i_sysaccess, i_sysdir, i_sysfile, i_sysfilio, i_sysin, i_sysioctl, i_syslog, i_sysmman, i_sysmode, i_sysmount, i_sysndir, i_sysparam, i_sysresrc, i_syssecrt, i_sysselct, i_syssockio, i_sysstat, i_sysstatfs, i_sysstatvfs, i_systime, i_systimek, i_systimes, i_systypes, i_sysuio, i_sysun, i_sysutsname, i_sysvfs, i_syswait, i_termio, i_termios, i_time, i_unistd, i_ustat, i_utime, i_values, i_varargs, i_varhdr, i_vfork, ignore_versioned_solibs, inc_version_list, inc_version_list_init, incpath, inews, installarchlib, installbin, installman1dir, installman3dir, installprefix, installprefixexp, installprivlib, installscript, installsitearch, installsitebin, installsitelib, installstyle, installusrbinperl, installvendorarch, installvendorbin, installvendorlib, intsize, issymlink, ivdformat, ivsize, ivtype

k

known_extensions, ksh

l

ld, lddlflags, ldflags, ldflags_uselargefiles, ldlibpthname, less, lib_ext, libc, libperl, libpth, libs, libsdirs, libsfiles, libsfound, libspath, libswanted, libswanted_uselargefiles, line, lint, lkflags, ln, lns, locincpth, loclibpth, longdblsize, longlongsize, longsize, lp, lpr, ls, lseeksize, lseektype

m

mail, mailx, make, make_set_make, mallocobj, mallocsrc, malloctype, man1dir, man1direxp, man1ext, man3dir, man3direxp, man3ext

M

Mcc, mips_type, mkdir, mmaptype, modetype, more, multiarch, mv, myarchname, mydomain, myhostname, myuname

n

n, need_va_copy, netdb_hlen_type, netdb_host_type, netdb_name_type, netdb_net_type, nm, nm_opt, nm_so_opt, nonxs_ext, nroff, nveformat, nvEUformat, nvfformat, nvFUformat, nvgformat, nvGUformat, nvsize, nvtype

o

o_nonblock, obj_ext, old_pthread_create_joinable, optimize, orderlib, osname, osvers, otherlibdirs

p

package, pager, passcat, patchlevel, path_sep, perl5, perl, perl_patchlevel

P

PERL_REVISION, PERL_SUBVERSION, PERL_VERSION, perladmin, perllibs, perlpath, pg, phostname, pidtype, plibpth, pm_apiversion, pmake, pr, prefix, prefixexp, privlib, privlibexp, procselfexe, prototype, ptrsize

q

quadkind, quadtype

r

randbits, randfunc, randseedtype, ranlib, rd_nodata, revision, rm, rmail, run, runnm

s

sched_yield, scriptdir, scriptdirexp, sed, seedfunc, selectminbits, selecttype, sendmail, sh, shar, sharpbang, shmattype, shortsize, shrpenv, shsharp, sig_count, sig_name, sig_name_init, sig_num, sig_num_init, sig_size, signal_t, sitearch, sitearchexp, sitebin, sitebinexp, sitelib, sitelib_stem, sitelibexp, siteprefix, siteprefixexp, sizesize, sizetype, sleep, smail, so, sockethdr, socketlib, socksizetype, sort, spackage, spitshell, sPRId64, sPRIeldbl, sPRIEUldbl, sPRIfldbl, sPRIFUldbl, sPRIgldbl, sPRIGUldbl, sPRIi64, sPRIo64, sPRIu64, sPRIx64, sPRIXU64, src, sSCNfldbl, ssizetype, startperl, startsh, static_ext, stdchar, stdio_base, stdio_bufsiz, stdio_cnt, stdio_filbuf, stdio_ptr, stdio_stream_array, strings, submit, subversion, sysman

t

tail, tar, targetarch, tbl, tee, test, timeincl, timetype, to, touch, tr, trnl, troff

u

u16size, u16type, u32size, u32type, u64size, u64type, u8size, u8type, uidformat, uidsign, uidsize, uidtype, uname, uniq, uquadtype, use5005threads, use64bitall, use64bitint, usecrosscompile, usedl, useithreads, uselargefiles, uselongdouble, usemorebits, usemultiplicity, usemymalloc, usenm, useopcode, useperlio, useposix, usereentrant, usesfio, useshrplib, usesocks, usethreads, usevendorprefix, usevfork, usrinc, uuname, uvoformat, uvsize, uvtype, uvuformat, uvxformat, uvXUformat

v

vendorarch, vendorarchexp, vendorbin, vendorbinexp, vendorlib, vendorlib_stem, vendorlibexp, vendorprefix, vendorprefixexp, version, version_patchlevel_string, versiononly, vi, voidflags

x

xlibpth, xs_apiversion

y

yacc, yaccflags

z

zcat, zip

NOTE

Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
getcwd and friends

getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd

abs_path and friends

abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path

$ENV{PWD}
NOTES
SEE ALSO

DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, subject to change)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Global Variables
 $DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,  @DB::args, 
@DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname, 
$DB::lineno
API Methods

CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()

Client Callback Methods

CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST)

BUGS
AUTHOR

DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO

Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
Interface to Berkeley DB
Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
Default Parameters
In Memory Databases
DB_HASH
A Simple Example
DB_BTREE
Changing the BTREE sort order
Handling Duplicate Keys
The get_dup() Method
The find_dup() Method
The del_dup() Method
Matching Partial Keys
DB_RECNO
The 'bval' Option
A Simple Example
Extra RECNO Methods

$X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift, $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length, elements);

Another Example
THE API INTERFACE

$status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;

DBM FILTERS

filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
Another Example -- Key is a C int.
HINTS AND TIPS
Locking: The Trouble with fd
Safe ways to lock a database

Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock

Sharing Databases With C Applications
The untie() Gotcha
COMMON QUESTIONS
Why is there Perl source in my database?
How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
REFERENCES
HISTORY
BUGS
AVAILABILITY
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and eval

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods

PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump or PACKAGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]), $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset

Functions

Dumper(LIST)

Configuration Variables or Methods

$Data::Dumper::Indent or $OBJ->Indent([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Purity or $OBJ->Purity([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Pad or $OBJ->Pad([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Varname or $OBJ->Varname([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Useqq or $OBJ->Useqq([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Terse or $OBJ->Terse([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Freezer or $OBJ->Freezer([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Toaster or $OBJ->Toaster([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy or $OBJ->Deepcopy([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys or $OBJ->Quotekeys([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Bless or $OBJ->Bless([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth or $OBJ->Maxdepth([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Useperl or $OBJ->Useperl([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys or $OBJ->Sortkeys([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Deparse or $OBJ->Deparse([NEWVAL])

Exports

Dumper

EXAMPLES
BUGS
AUTHOR
VERSION
SEE ALSO

Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PROFILE FORMAT
AUTOLOAD
ENVIRONMENT
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WriteFile
ppport.h
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Runtime debugging
Memory footprint debugging
EXAMPLES
A simple scalar string
A simple scalar number
A simple scalar with an extra reference
A reference to a simple scalar
A reference to an array
A reference to a hash
Dumping a large array or hash
A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
A reference to a subroutine
EXPORTS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

binary, hex, base64

OO INTERFACE

$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)

METHODS

$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHORS

DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES

Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Creation

arrayDepth, hashDepth, compactDump, veryCompact, globPrint, dumpDBFiles, dumpPackages, dumpReused, tick, quoteHighBit, printUndef, usageOnly, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal

Methods

dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get

DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

AUTHOR

DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Encode - character encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY
ENCODINGS
Characteristics of an Encoding
Types of Encodings

Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings

Specifying Encodings

1. By name, 2. As an object

Encoding Names

The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The name used by the organization that defined it

PERL ENCODING API
Generic Encoding Interface
Handling Malformed Data

Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

UTF-8 / utf8
Other Encodings of Unicode
Listing available encodings
Defining Aliases

As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.:

Defining Encodings
Encoding and IO
Encoding How to ...

IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules

Messing with Perl's Internals

is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)

IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES

->name, ->new_sequence, ->encode($string,$check), ->decode($octets,$check)

Compiled Encodings

.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11

SEE ALSO

Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings

Encode::lib::Encode::Tcl, Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings

Encode::lib::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension

DESCRIPTION

[1] S, [2] D, [3] M, [4] E

KEYWORDS
COPYRIGHT

EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension

DESCRIPTION

[1] S, [2] D, [3] M, [4] E

KEYWORDS
COPYRIGHT

English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PERFORMANCE

Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR

Errno - System errno constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Exporter - Implements default import method for modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How to Export
Selecting What To Export
How to Import

use ModuleName;, use ModuleName ();, use ModuleName qw(...);

Advanced features
Specialised Import Lists
Exporting without using Exporter's import method
Module Version Checking
Managing Unknown Symbols
Tag Handling Utility Functions
Generating combined tags
AUTOLOADed Constants

Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

cat

eqtime src dst

rm_rf files...

rm_f files...

touch files ..

mv source... destination

cp source... destination

chmod mode files..

mkpath directory..

test_f file

BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE

IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF

FUNCTIONS

C_stringify NAME

constant_types

memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT

assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..

return_clause

switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..

params WHAT

dump_names

dogfood

C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item def_post

XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER

WriteMakefileSnippet

WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@EXPORT
FUNCTIONS

xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
FUNCTIONS

new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), packlist(), version()

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions

EXTRALIBS
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
BSLOADLIBS
PORTABILITY
VMS implementation
Win32 implementation
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

perl_archive

ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive

ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

catfile

constants (o)

static_lib (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

canonpath

perl_script

pm_to_blib

test_via_harness (o)

tool_autosplit (override)

tools_other (o)

xs_o (o)

top_targets (o)

htmlifypods (o)

manifypods (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

pasthru (o)

ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

perl_archive_after

ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Preloaded methods

canonpath

catdir

catfile

curdir

rootdir

updir

SelfLoaded methods

c_o (o)

cflags (o)

clean (o)

const_cccmd (o)

const_config (o)

const_loadlibs (o)

constants (o)

depend (o)

dir_target (o)

dist (o)

dist_basics (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

dist_dir (o)

dist_test (o)

dlsyms (o)

dynamic (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

exescan

extliblist

file_name_is_absolute

find_perl

Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile

fixin

force (o)

guess_name

has_link_code

htmlifypods (o)

init_dirscan

init_main

init_others

install (o)

installbin (o)

libscan (o)

linkext (o)

lsdir

macro (o)

makeaperl (o)

makefile (o)

manifypods (o)

maybe_command

maybe_command_in_dirs

needs_linking (o)

nicetext

parse_version

parse_abstract

pasthru (o)

path

perl_script

perldepend (o)

ppd

perm_rw (o)

perm_rwx (o)

pm_to_blib

post_constants (o)

post_initialize (o)

postamble (o)

prefixify

processPL (o)

quote_paren

realclean (o)

replace_manpage_separator

static (o)

static_lib (o)

staticmake (o)

subdir_x (o)

subdirs (o)

test (o)

test_via_harness (o)

test_via_script (o)

tool_autosplit (o)

tools_other (o)

tool_xsubpp (o)

top_targets (o)

writedoc

xs_c (o)

xs_cpp (o)

xs_o (o)

perl_archive

perl_archive_after

export_list

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods always loaded

wraplist

rootdir (override)

SelfLoaded methods

guess_name (override)

find_perl (override)

path (override)

maybe_command (override)

maybe_command_in_dirs (override)

perl_script (override)

file_name_is_absolute (override)

replace_manpage_separator

init_others (override)

constants (override)

cflags (override)

const_cccmd (override)

pm_to_blib (override)

tool_autosplit (override)

tool_sxubpp (override)

xsubpp_version (override)

tools_other (override)

dist (override)

c_o (override)

xs_c (override)

xs_o (override)

top_targets (override)

dlsyms (override)

dynamic_lib (override)

dynamic_bs (override)

static_lib (override)

manifypods (override)

processPL (override)

installbin (override)

subdir_x (override)

clean (override)

realclean (override)

dist_basics (override)

dist_core (override)

dist_dir (override)

dist_test (override)

install (override)

perldepend (override)

makefile (override)

test (override)

test_via_harness (override)

test_via_script (override)

makeaperl (override)

nicetext (override)

ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

catfile

constants (o)

static_lib (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

canonpath

perl_script

pm_to_blib

test_via_harness (o)

tool_autosplit (override)

tools_other (o)

xs_o (o)

top_targets (o)

htmlifypods (o)

manifypods (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

pasthru (o)

ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How To Write A Makefile.PL
Default Makefile Behaviour
make test
make testdb
make install
PREFIX and LIB attribute
AFS users
Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
Which architecture dependent directory?
Using Attributes and Parameters

ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

Additional lowercase attributes

clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, tool_autosplit

Overriding MakeMaker Methods
Hintsfile support
Distribution Support
   make distcheck,    make skipcheck,    make distclean,    make manifest, 
  make distdir,    make tardist,    make dist,    make uutardist,    make
shdist,    make zipdist,    make ci
Disabling an extension
ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MANIFEST.SKIP
EXPORT_OK
GLOBAL VARIABLES
DIAGNOSTICS

Not in MANIFEST: file, No such file: file, MANIFEST: $!, Added to MANIFEST: file

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME

AUTHOR
REVISION

ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
FUNCTIONS

new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
EXPORTED SYMBOLS

File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse

EXAMPLES

basename, dirname

File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RETURN
AUTHOR

File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Special behaviour if syscopy is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)

rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])

RETURN
NOTES
AUTHOR

File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
EXPORTS (by request only)
BUGS
AUTHOR
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

find, finddepth

%options

wanted, bydepth, preprocess, postprocess, follow, follow_fast, follow_skip, dangling_symlinks, no_chdir, untaint, untaint_pattern, untaint_skip

The wanted function

$File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the current filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the complete pathname to the file

WARNINGS
CAVEAT

$dont_use_nlink, symlinks

NOTES
HISTORY

File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

GLOB_ERR, GLOB_LIMIT, GLOB_MARK, GLOB_NOCASE, GLOB_NOCHECK, GLOB_NOSORT, GLOB_BRACE, GLOB_NOMAGIC, GLOB_QUOTE, GLOB_TILDE, GLOB_CSH, GLOB_ALPHASORT

DIAGNOSTICS

GLOB_NOSPACE, GLOB_ABEND

NOTES
AUTHOR

File::Path - create or remove directory trees

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHORS

File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

devnull

tmpdir

path

canonpath()

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

abs2rel

rel2abs()

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Exports
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

canonpath

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

file_name_is_absolute

path

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

abs2rel

rel2abs

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

canonpath()

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

no_upwards

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

path

join

splitpath

splitdir

catpath()

abs2rel

rel2abs()

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

eliminate_macros

fixpath

Methods always loaded

canonpath (override)

catdir

catfile

curdir (override)

devnull (override)

rootdir (override)

tmpdir (override)

updir (override)

case_tolerant (override)

path (override)

file_name_is_absolute (override)

splitpath (override)

splitdir (override)

catpath (override)

abs2rel (override)

rel2abs (override)

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

devnull

tmpdir

catfile

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

SEE ALSO

File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely

PORTABILITY
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

tempfile

tempdir

MKTEMP FUNCTIONS

mkstemp

mkstemps

mkdtemp

mktemp

POSIX FUNCTIONS

tmpnam

tmpfile

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

tempnam

UTILITY FUNCTIONS

unlink0

PACKAGE VARIABLES

safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH

TopSystemUID

WARNING
Temporary files and NFS
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS

FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

SEE ALSO

Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Problem
A Solution
Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
All-in-one interface
Filtering only specific components of source code

"code", "executable", "quotelike", "string", "regex", "all"

Filtering only the code parts of source code

Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the 'code' component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial filters described in the previous section.

Using Filter::Simple with an explicit import subroutine
Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
How it works
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use Filter::Util::Call
import()
filter() and anonymous sub

$_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del

EXAMPLES
Example 1: A simple filter.
Example 2: Using the context
Example 3: Using the context within the filter
Example 4: Using filter_del
Filter::Simple
AUTHOR
DATE

FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
KNOWN ISSUES
KNOWN BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Command Line Options, an Introduction
Getting Started with Getopt::Long
Simple options
A little bit less simple options
Mixing command line option with other arguments
Options with values
Options with multiple values
Options with hash values
User-defined subroutines to handle options
Options with multiple names
Case and abbreviations
Summary of Option Specifications

!, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], : + [ desttype ]

Advanced Possibilities
Object oriented interface
Documentation and help texts
Storing options in a hash
Bundling
The lonesome dash
Argument callback
Configuring Getopt::Long

default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)

Return values and Errors
Legacy
Default destinations
Alternative option starters
Configuration variables
Trouble Shooting
Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied
GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
AUTHOR

Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch clustering

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

the function is_language_tag($lang1)

the function extract_language_tags($whatever)

the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)

the function super_languages($lang1)

the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)

the function encode_language_tag($lang1)

the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)

the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)

ABOUT LOWERCASING
ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
LIST OF LANGUAGES

{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

I18N::Langinfo - query locale information

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

IO - load various IO modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

METHODS

open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

METHODS

$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

NOTE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
HISTORY

IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [READER, WRITER] )

METHODS

reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HANDLES ] )

METHODS

add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

hostpath(), peerpath()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

METHODS

open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

METHODS

$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

NOTE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
HISTORY

IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [READER, WRITER] )

METHODS

reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HANDLES ] )

METHODS

add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

hostpath(), peerpath()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
SEE ALSO

IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING

IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ftok( PATH, ID )

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

KNOWN BUGS
SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
COPYRIGHT

List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

KNOWN BUGS
SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
COPYRIGHT

List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

KNOWN BUGS
COPYRIGHT
BLATANT PLUG

Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

alpha-2, alpha-3, numeric

CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )

QUERY ROUTINES

all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] ), all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )

CODE ALIASING
EXAMPLES
DOMAIN NAMES
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency identification (ISO 4217)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

XTS, XXX

CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2currency(), currency2code()

QUERY ROUTINES

all_currency_codes(), all_currency_names()

EXAMPLES
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification (ISO 639)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2language(), language2code()

QUERY ROUTINES

all_language_codes(), all_language_names()

EXAMPLES
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
METHODS
Construction Methods
The "maketext" Method

$lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(PARAM), $lh->failure_handler_auto

Utility Methods

$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()

Language Handle Attributes and Internals
LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
BRACKET NOTATION
AUTO LEXICONS
CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
The Linguistic View
Breaking gettext
Replacing gettext
Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
Buzzword: Isomorphism
Buzzword: Inheritance
Buzzword: Concision
The Devil in the Details
The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
References

Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

alpha-2, alpha-3, numeric

SPECIAL CODES
CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )

QUERY ROUTINES

all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] ), all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )

EXAMPLES
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)

DIAGNOSTICS

Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data

EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT

MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);

COPYRIGHT

MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);

COPYRIGHT

Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Canonical notation
Output
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
Accuracy vs. Precision
Rounding

ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )

EXAMPLES
  # not ready yet
Autocreating constants
BUGS
CAVEAT

stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow

LICENSE
AUTHORS

Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Canonical notation, Input, Output

METHODS
accuracy
brsft
new
bnan
bzero
binf
bone
is_one() / is_zero() / is_nan() / is_positive() / is_negative() / is_inf() / is_odd() / is_even() / is_int()
        $x->is_zero();                  # true if arg is +0
        $x->is_nan();                   # true if arg is NaN
        $x->is_one();                   # true if arg is +1
        $x->is_one('-');                # true if arg is -1
        $x->is_odd();                   # true if odd, false for even
        $x->is_even();                  # true if even, false for odd
        $x->is_positive();              # true if >= 0
        $x->is_negative();              # true if <  0
        $x->is_inf();                   # true if +inf
        $x->is_inf('-');                # true if -inf (sign is default
'+')
        $x->is_int();                   # true if $x is an integer
bcmp
bacmp
sign
bcmp
bneg
babs
bnorm
bnot
binc
bdec
badd
bsub
bmul
bdiv
bmod
bpow
blsft
brsft
band
bior
bxor
bnot
bsqrt
bfac
round
bround
bfround
bfloor
bceil
bgcd
blcm
exponent
mantissa
parts
copy
as_number
bsstr
as_hex
as_bin
ACCURACY and PRECISION
Precision P
Accuracy A
Fallback F
Rounding mode R

'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks

INTERNALS
MATH LIBRARY
SIGN
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
EXAMPLES
  use Math::BigInt;
Autocreating constants
PERFORMANCE
Alternative math libraries
SUBCLASSING
Subclassing Math::BigInt
UPGRADING
Auto-upgrade

bsqrt(), div(), blog()

BUGS

Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0

CAVEATS

stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt(), brsft()

LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
WRAP YOUR OWN
LICENSE

This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPERATIONS
CREATION
STRINGIFICATION
CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
USAGE
ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
BUGS
AUTHORS

Math::Trig - trigonometric functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

tan

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
COORDINATE SYSTEMS
3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS

cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical

GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
EXAMPLES
CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
BUGS
AUTHORS

Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DETAILS
OPTIONS
INSTALL
NORMALIZER
SCALAR_CACHE, LIST_CACHE

MEMORY, HASH, TIE, FAULT, MERGE

OTHER FACILITIES
unmemoize
flush_cache
CAVEATS
PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
EXPIRATION SUPPORT
BUGS
MAILING LIST
AUTHOR
THANK YOU

Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE
 TIEHASH,  EXISTS,  STORE
ALTERNATIVES
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database

DESCRIPTION

NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS
ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...
BUGS AND WARNINGS

NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Enforcing redispatch
Avoiding repetitions
AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT

Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USER METHODS

debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), dataend ()

CLASS METHODS

debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()

EXPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet

SYNOPSYS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

requires_firewall HOST

NetConfig VALUES

nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists

Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::FTP - FTP Client class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
CONSTRUCTOR

new (HOST [,OPTIONS])

METHODS

login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()

Methods for the adventurous

quot (CMD [,ARGS])

THE dataconn CLASS

read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), bytes_read (), abort (), close ()

UNIMPLEMENTED

ALLO, SMNT, HELP, MODE, SYST, STAT, STRU, REIN

REPORTING BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
USE EXAMPLES

http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz

CREDITS
COPYRIGHT

Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

METHODS

article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()

Extension methods

newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ GROUP ] ), reader

UNSUPPORTED
DEFINITIONS

MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, [^]-], *bdc, [0-9a-zA-Z], a??d

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )

METHODS

user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);

WARNING
NOTES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CONSTRUCTOR

new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]

METHODS

banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions

DESCRIPTION
Where to get this document
How to contribute to this document
Disclaimer
Obtaining and installing libnet
What is libnet ?
Which version of perl do I need ?
What other modules do I need ?
What machines support libnet ?
Where can I get the latest libnet release
Using Net::FTP
How do I download files from an FTP server ?
How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?
My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ?
I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?
Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
Using Net::SMTP
Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?
Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
The verify method always returns true ?
Debugging scripts
How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THE .netrc FILE

machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef name

CONSTRUCTOR

lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])

METHODS

login (), password (), account (), lpa ()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVENTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
AUTHOR

ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS
odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...
BUGS AND WARNINGS

Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
WARNING
Operator Names and Operator Lists

an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname or optag, an operator set (opset)

Opcode Functions

opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)

Manipulating Opsets
TO DO (maybe)
Predefined Opcode Tags

:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING
RECENT CHANGES
Methods in class Safe

permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

Some Safety Issues

Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
CAVEATS
FUNCTIONS

_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, wctomb, write

CLASSES
POSIX::SigAction

new

POSIX::SigSet

new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember

POSIX::Termios

new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field values, c_oflag field values

PATHNAME CONSTANTS

Constants

POSIX CONSTANTS

Constants

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Constants

ERRNO

Constants

FCNTL

Constants

FLOAT

Constants

LIMITS

Constants

LOCALE

Constants

MATH

Constants

SIGNAL

Constants

STAT

Constants, Macros

STDLIB

Constants

STDIO

Constants

TIME

Constants

UNISTD

Constants

WAIT

Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG

PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw

Defaults and how to override them
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)

Example - a Hexadecimal Handle

Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors

SYNOPSIS
OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
podchecker()

-warnings => val

DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Errors

empty =headn, =over on line N without closing =back, =item without previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, unresolved internal link NAME, Unknown command "CMD", Unknown interior-sequence "SEQ", nested commands CMD<...CMD<...>...>, garbled entity STRING, Entity number out of range, malformed link L<>, nonempty Z<>, empty X<>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) after =back

Warnings

multiple occurence of link target name, line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (one vs. two), N unescaped <> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME section

ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /

RETURN VALUE
EXAMPLES
INTERFACE

Pod::Checker->new( %options )

$checker->poderror( @args ), $checker->poderror( {%opts}, @args )

$checker->num_errors()

$checker->name()

$checker->node()

$checker->idx()

$checker->hyperlink()

AUTHOR

Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )

-verbose => 1, -perl => 1, -script => 1, -inc => 1

simplify_name( $str )
pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )

-inc => 1, -dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ], -verbose => 1

contains_pod( $file , $verbose )
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ARGUMENTS

backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, verbose

EXAMPLE
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION

package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph, package Pod::InteriorSequence, package Pod::ParseTree

Pod::InputSource
new()
name()
handle()
was_cutting()
Pod::Paragraph
Pod::Paragraph->new()
$pod_para->cmd_name()
$pod_para->text()
$pod_para->raw_text()
$pod_para->cmd_prefix()
$pod_para->cmd_separator()
$pod_para->parse_tree()
$pod_para->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence
Pod::InteriorSequence->new()
$pod_seq->cmd_name()
$pod_seq->prepend()
$pod_seq->append()
$pod_seq->nested()
$pod_seq->raw_text()
$pod_seq->left_delimiter()
$pod_seq->right_delimiter()
$pod_seq->parse_tree()
$pod_seq->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence::DESTROY()
Pod::ParseTree
Pod::ParseTree->new()
$ptree->top()
$ptree->children()
$ptree->prepend()
$ptree->append()
$ptree->raw_text()
Pod::ParseTree::DESTROY()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT METHODS

initialize

Data Accessors

AddPreamble

AddPostamble

Head1Level

Label

LevelNoNum

MakeIndex

ReplaceNAMEwithSection

StartWithNewPage

TableOfContents

UniqueLabels

UserPreamble

UserPostamble

Lists

Subclassed methods

begin_pod

end_pod

command

verbatim

textblock

interior_sequence

List Methods

begin_list

end_list

add_item

Methods for headings

head

Internal methods

_output

_replace_special_chars

_replace_special_chars_late

_create_label

_create_index

_clean_latex_commands

_split_delimited

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
REVISION

Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes, release, section

DIAGNOSTICS

roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape E<%s>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back

BUGS
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Pod::List

Pod::List->new()

$list->file()

$list->start()

$list->indent()

$list->type()

$list->rx()

$list->item()

$list->parent()

$list->tag()

Pod::Hyperlink->new()

$link->parse($string)

$link->markup($string)

$link->text()

$link->warning()

$link->file(), $link->line()

$link->page()

$link->node()

$link->alttext()

$link->type()

$link->link()

Pod::Cache

Pod::Cache->new()

$cache->item()

$cache->find_page($name)

Pod::Cache::Item

Pod::Cache::Item->new()

$cacheitem->page()

$cacheitem->description()

$cacheitem->path()

$cacheitem->file()

$cacheitem->nodes()

$cacheitem->find_node($name)

$cacheitem->idx()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
PARSING OPTIONS

-want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset), -warnings (default: unset)

command()

$cmd, $text, $line_num, $pod_para

verbatim()

$text, $line_num, $pod_para

textblock()

$text, $line_num, $pod_para

interior_sequence()
OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
new()
initialize()
begin_pod()
begin_input()
end_input()
end_pod()
preprocess_line()
preprocess_paragraph()
METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
parse_text()

-expand_seq => code-ref|method-name, -expand_text => code-ref|method-name, -expand_ptree => code-ref|method-name

interpolate()
parse_paragraph()
parse_from_filehandle()
parse_from_file()
ACCESSOR METHODS
errorsub()
cutting()
parseopts()
output_file()
output_handle()
input_file()
input_handle()
input_streams()
top_stream()
PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_push_input_stream()
_pop_input_stream()
TREE-BASED PARSING
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
OBJECT METHODS
curr_headings()
select()
add_selection()
clear_selections()
match_section()
is_selected()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
podselect()

-output, -sections, -ranges

PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_compile_section_spec()
$self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
$self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width

DIAGNOSTICS

Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s, %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back

RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation

SYNOPSIS
ARGUMENTS

-message, -msg, -exitval, -verbose, -output, -input, -pathlist

DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in translators.

HEADINGS
This is a "level 1" heading
``Level'' "2 heading
This is a "level 1" heading
``Level'' 2 heading
OVER AND ITEMS

This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", bar, baz, Some longer item text

FORMATTING CODES

&, ', <, >, ", /

VERBATIM
CONCLUSION

SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS
sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...
BUGS AND WARNINGS

Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING
RECENT CHANGES
Methods in class Safe

permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

Some Safety Issues

Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

KNOWN BUGS
COPYRIGHT
BLATANT PLUG

Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelfLoader - load functions only on demand

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The __DATA__ token
SelfLoader autoloading
Autoloading and package lexicals
SelfLoader and AutoLoader
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
Classes and inherited methods.
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names

Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
AUTHOR

Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN

Storable - persistency for perl data structures

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MEMORY STORE
ADVISORY LOCKING
SPEED
CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
ERROR REPORTING
WIZARDS ONLY
Hooks

STORABLE_freeze obj, cloning, STORABLE_thaw obj, cloning, serialized, ..

Predicates

Storable::last_op_in_netorder, Storable::is_storing, Storable::is_retrieving

Recursion
Deep Cloning
Storable magic
EXAMPLES
WARNING
BUGS
CREDITS
TRANSLATIONS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Switch - A switch statement for Perl

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
BACKGROUND
DESCRIPTION
Allowing fall-through
Automating fall-through
Alternative syntax
Higher-order Operations
DEPENDENCIES
AUTHOR
BUGS
LIMITATION
COPYRIGHT

Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), closelog

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), closelog

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS

Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s

ENVIRONMENT

ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED

RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE

Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

Tgetent, OSPEED, TERM

Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH

Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH

Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH

Trequire

EXAMPLES
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Term::Complete - Perl word completion module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

<tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>

DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
AUTHOR

Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various readline packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal set of supported functions

ReadLine, new, readline, addhistory, IN, $OUT, MinLine, findConsole, Attribs, Features

Additional supported functions

tkRunning, ornaments, newTTY

EXPORTS
ENVIRONMENT
CAVEATS

Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

plan

_to_value

ok

TEST TYPES

NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS

ONFAIL
BUGS and CAVEATS
TODO
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Construction

new

Setting up tests

exported_to

plan

expected_tests

no_plan

skip_all

Running tests

ok

is_eq, is_num

isnt_eq, isnt_num

like, unlike

cmp_ok

BAILOUT

skip

todo_skip

skip_rest

Test style

level

use_numbers

no_header, no_ending

Output

diag

_print

output, failure_output, todo_output

Test Status and Info

current_test

summary

details UNIMPLEMENTED, todo

caller

_sanity_check

_whoa

_my_exit

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The test script output

'1..M', 'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?, test numbers, test names, Skipping tests, Todo tests, Bail out!, Comments, Anything else

Taint mode
Configuration variables.

$Test::Harness::verbose, $Test::Harness::switches

Failure

Failed Test, Stat, Wstat, Total, Fail, Failed, List of Failed

Functions

runtests

_all_ok

_globdir

_run_all_tests

_mk_leader

_leader_width

EXPORT
DIAGNOSTICS

All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s, FAILED tests %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay., Test returned status %d (wstat %d), Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s, Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s, FAILED--Further testing stopped%s

ENVIRONMENT

HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE, HARNESS_NOTTY, HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST, HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR, HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES, HARNESS_COLUMNS, HARNESS_ACTIVE

EXAMPLE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
TODO
BUGS

Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

assert

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Construction

new

_init

Analysis

analyze

analyze_fh

analyze_file

_switches

_INC2PERL5LIB

_filtered_INC

_restore_PERL5LIB

Parsing

_is_comment

_is_header

_is_test

_is_bail_out

_reset_file_state

Results

_detailize

EXAMPLES
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
I love it when a plan comes together
Test names
I'm ok, you're not ok.

ok

is, isnt

like

unlike

cmp_ok

can_ok

isa_ok

pass, fail

Diagnostics

diag

Module tests

use_ok

require_ok

Conditional tests

SKIP: BLOCK

TODO: BLOCK, todo_skip

Comparison functions

is_deeply

eq_array

eq_hash

eq_set

Extending and Embedding Test::More

builder

NOTES
BUGS and CAVEATS

Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness upgrades

HISTORY
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ok

EXAMPLE
CAVEATS
NOTES
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

Test::More, Test, Test::Unit, Test::Inline, SelfTest, Test::Harness

AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests

DESCRIPTION
Nuts and bolts of testing.
Where to start?
Names
Test the manual
Sometimes the tests are wrong
Testing lots of values
Informative names
Skipping tests
Todo tests
Testing with taint mode.
FOOTNOTES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE

Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
General behaviour in list contexts

[0], [1], [2]

General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
A note about prefixes
extract_delimited
extract_bracketed
extract_tagged

reject => $listref, ignore => $listref, fail => $str, [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

gen_extract_tagged
extract_quotelike

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

extract_quotelike and "here documents"

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]

extract_codeblock
extract_multiple
gen_delimited_pat
DIAGNOSTICS
 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">,  C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>, 
C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">,  C<No quotelike
operator found after prefix: "%s">,  C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">, 
C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>,  C<Mismatched closing
bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">,  C<No block delimiter found after
quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>,  C<Missing second block for quotelike
"%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
/%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
tag>
AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT

Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
AUTHORS

Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR

Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDES
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

Thread - manipulate threads in Perl

CAVEAT
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

$thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield

METHODS

join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done

LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS AND METHODS

new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending

SEE ALSO

Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS AND METHODS

new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER

Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS

Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST

CAVEATS
AUTHOR

Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
recsep
mode
cachesize
Option Format
Public Methods
flock
Tying to an already-opened filehandle
CAVEATS
Efficiency Note
Efficiency Note 2
Efficiency Note 3
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
WARRANTY
THANKS
TODO

Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION
COMPATIBILITY

Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied hashes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this

Inheriting from Tie::StdHash
Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash
UNTIE and DESTROY
MORE INFORMATION

Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Inheriting from Tie::Memoize
EXAMPLE
BUGS
AUTHOR

Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
VERSION
SEE ALSO

Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION

Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, getitimer ( $which )

EXAMPLES
C API
CAVEATS
AUTHORS
REVISION
COPYRIGHT

Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS

Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )

Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor and Tailoring

alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower

Other methods

@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted), $result = $Collator->cmp($a, $b), $result = $Collator->eq($a, $b), $result = $Collator->ne($a, $b), $result = $Collator->lt($a, $b), $result = $Collator->le($a, $b), $result = $Collator->gt($a, $b), $result = $Collator->ge($a, $b), $sortKey = $Collator->getSortKey($string), $position = $Collator->index($string, $substring), ($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string, $substring)

EXPORT
TODO
CAVEAT
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, Unicode::Normalize

Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Normalization Forms

$string_NFD = NFD($raw_string), $string_NFC = NFC($raw_string), $string_NFKD = NFKD($raw_string), $string_NFKC = NFKC($raw_string), $normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)

Character Data

$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint), $compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint), $uv_composite = getComposite($uv_here, $uv_next), $combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint), $is_exclusion = isExclusion($codepoint)

EXPORT
TODO
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/

Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
charinfo
charblock
charscript
charblocks
charscripts
Blocks versus Scripts
Matching Scripts and Blocks
Code Point Arguments
charinrange
compexcl
casefold
casespec
Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
Implementation Note
BUGS
AUTHOR

User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
System Specifics
NOTE
AUTHOR
HISTORY

March 18th, 2000

Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions

DESCRIPTION
Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions

Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)

XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
AUTHOR

XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION

Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet:

a2p
s2p
find2perl
h2ph
c2ph
h2xs
xsubpp
pod2man
wrapsuid

AUTHOR

Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks.

2 POD Errors

The following errors were encountered while parsing the POD:

Around line 2598:

Expected text after =item, not a number

Around line 2600:

Expected text after =item, not a number