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Graph-Maker-Other-9
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/ Graph::Maker::Petersen

NAME

Graph::Maker::Petersen - create Petersen and generalized Petersen graphs

SYNOPSIS

 use Graph::Maker::Petersen;
 $graph = Graph::Maker->new ('Petersen');
 $graph = Graph::Maker->new ('Petersen', N=>7, K=>3);

DESCRIPTION

Graph::Maker::Petersen creates a Graph.pm graph of the Petersen graph,

                       ___1___ 
                  ____/   |   \____
                 /        |        \
                2__       6       __5           N => 5
                |  ---7--/-\--10--  |           K => 2
                |      \/   \/      |        (the defaults)
                |      / \ / \      |
                |   __8--/ \--9__   |
                | --             -- |
                3-------------------4

Parameters N and K give generalized Petersen graphs. For example

    $graph = Graph::Maker->new('Petersen', N=>7, K=>3);

N is the number of vertices in the outer cycle, and the same again in the inner circulant. K is how many steps between connections for the inner vertices. In the default Petersen 5,2 for example at inner vertex 6 step by 2 for edge 6--8. The outer vertices are numbered 1 .. N and the inner N+1 .. 2*N.

Should have N >= 3 and K != 0 mod N. K=1 is an inner vertex cycle the same as the outer. N=4,K=1 is the cube graph, the same as Graph::Maker::Hypercube of 3 dimensions.

K will usually be in the range 1 <= K <= N/2. Other values are accepted but become the same as something in that range since the K steps wrap-around. For example 7,9 is the same as 7,2, and 7,5 the same as 7,2 too, since steps are effectively forward and backward by K.

FUNCTIONS

$graph = Graph::Maker->new('Petersen', key => value, ...)

The key/value parameters are

    N           => integer, number of outer vertices
                             (and corresponding inner)
    K           => integer, step for inner circulant
    graph_maker => subr(key=>value) constructor, default Graph->new

Other parameters are passed to the constructor, either graph_maker or Graph->new().

If the graph is directed (the default) then edges are added both ways between vertices. Option undirected => 1 creates an undirected graph and for it there is a single edge between vertices.

HOUSE OF GRAPHS

House of Graphs entries for graphs here include

N=3, K=1, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=746
N=4, K=1, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=1022 (cube)
N=4, K=2, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=588
N=5, K=2, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=660 (Petersen)
N=7, K=2, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=28482
N=8, K=3, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=1229 (Moebius Kantor)
N=9, K=3, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=6700
N=10, K=2, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=1043 (Dodecahedral)
N=10, K=3, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=1036 (Desargues)
N=11, K=2, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=24052
N=12, K=2, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=27325
N=12, K=5, https://hog.grinvin.org/ViewGraphInfo.action?id=1234 (Nauru)

OEIS

A few of the many entries in Sloane's Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences related to these graphs include

    A077105   number of non-isomorphic K for given N,
                K <= floor((N-1)/2), so not K=N/2 when N even
    A182054   number of independent sets in N,2 for even N
    A182077   number of independent sets in N,2 for odd N
    A274047   diameter of N,2

SEE ALSO

Graph::Maker, Graph::Maker::Cycle, Graph::Maker::Hypercube

LICENSE

Copyright 2015, 2016, 2017 Kevin Ryde

This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.

This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with This file. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.