VoiceXML::Client - Perl extension for VoiceXML (VXML) clients, including useragent, parser and interpreter.
#!/usr/bin/perl use VoiceXML::Client; use strict; # basic info for VoiceXML source my $sourceSite = 'voicexml.psychogenic.com'; my $startURL = '/vocp.cgi'; # using dummy device here, to get started my $telephonyDevice = VoiceXML::Client::Device::Dummy->new(); $telephonyDevice->connect(); # our workhorse: the user agent my $vxmlUserAgent = VoiceXML::Client::UserAgent->new($sourceSite); # go for it: $vxmlUserAgent->runApplication($startURL, $telephonyDevice); # that's it... runApplication will return when it has hung up the device.
The VoiceXML::Client library allows you to fetch, parse and interpret VoiceXML files.
It was developed as a supporting component of the (upcoming version of the) VOCP voice messaging system (http://www.vocpsystem.com).
It's role is to:
- fetch vxml files - parse their contents - interpret them by executing the instructions therein
It is not (yet) a complete implementation of the VoiceXML specs, but does support a lot of interesting features. Have a look at the included exampleBBSBox.vxml file for an idea of what is possible. A quick tour of this file will give you a taste of what's available.
As noted above, the user agent's runApplication() method is called with two parameters: a URL and a handle to some telephony device.
While executing the voicexml code, VoiceXML::Client will likely need to do things like play audio files, collect user DTMF input and allow callers to leave messages. The vxml page tells VoiceXML::Client what to do, and the telephony interface is used to actually perform these actions.
Exactly how the device collects user input etc is left as an excercise to the implementor. The only thing that counts from VoiceXML::Client's perspective is that the handle support the VoiceXML::Client::DeviceHandle interface.
During testing, you may use VoiceXML::Client::Device::Dummy as the telephony handle. This is a simplified implementation whose only effect is to print all calls to stdout and request DTMF input from the command line, when required.
As a programmer, the majority of your work will be in replacing the VoiceXML::Client::Device::Dummy device in the code above with some implementation of the API that actually controls an interesting device. See the Telephony Interface section on
http://voicexml.psychogenic.com/api.php
for a complete discussion, or have a look at the VoiceXML::Client::Device::Dummy and VoiceXML::Client::DeviceHandle documentation.
A complete discussion of the supported VoiceXML can be found at
http://voicexml.psychogenic.com/voicexml.php
A summary is provided here.
VXML provides for TUI forms to be "displayed" to users (through recorded prompts), and can accept input that fills fields within the form.
Each user input field is set based on user DTMF input, and other variables can be created and manipulated in the VXML:
<?xml version="1.0" ?> <vxml version="2.1"> <var name="invalidcount" /> <assign name="invalidcount" expr="0" /> <form id="guestbox"> <field name="movetosel" type="digits" numdigits="1"> <prompt timeout="5s"> <audio src="/path/to/vocpmessages/guestbox500.rmd" /> <audio src="/path/to/vocpmessages/system/guestinstructions.rmd" /> </prompt> <filled> <if cond="movetosel == 1"> <goto nextitem="listennext" /> <elseif cond="movetosel == 2" /> <goto nextitem="leaveyourown" /> <else /> <assign name="invalidcount" expr="invalidcount + 1" /> <audio src="/path/to/vocpmessages/system/invalidselection.rmd" /> <reprompt /> </if> </filled> </field> </form> </vxml>
Here you can see a lot of the action. The invalidcount variable is created and set to 0. The first form encountered is entered, the prompt for the first field (movetosel) contains prompts which are played. The filled item awaits user input. Once this is received (or times out), a variable of the same name as the field is initialized with user input.
Conditionals can check the value entered by the user, and jump to other forms within the page (or to other pages). Simple arthmetic can also be performed as demonstrated by the invalidcount counter.
Voice recordings can be made by users through the use of a <record> item:
<record beep="true" name="/path/to/vocpspool/500-tmp-ns3aUp4kQ.rmd" />
You may also use <goto> items to GET another page:
<goto next="vocp.cgi" />
and more complex actions may be performed by submitting data collected through a submit element:
<submit next="vocp.cgi" namelist="box msgstartindex nextdirection action step" />
would fetch the page output by the same script but would also pass along the values of each of the variables specified in the namelist.
More information can be found at http://voicexml.psychogenic.com/
Currently, the following VoiceXML elements are recognized and supported, at least partially:
- assign - audio - block - break - clear - disconnect - else - elseif - field - filled - form - goto - grammar - if - noinput - nomatch - option - prompt - record - reprompt - return - rule - subdialog - submit - var
A description and examples of each will be found in the VoiceXML section of the project site, at
Variables may be set and manipulated while executing the contents of a voicexml page. The Voice Extensible Markup Language specifications are, currently, far from respected in this regard within VoiceXML::Client. Instead of using a full ECMAScript interpreter, a simple Perl interpreter was created that is, to date, sufficient for most of our requirements.
What is available includes, variable creation:
<var name="invalidcount" /> <var name="filetoplay" />
and assignment:
<assign name="invalidcount" expr="0" /> <assign name="filetoplay" expr="'/path/to/a/file.rmd'" />
Note that, unlike numeric values, strings need to be 'quoted'. Comparison operators may be used in the cond attribute of if/elseif elements, and simple arithmetic may be performed in expr attributes:
<if cond="movetosel == 1"> <goto nextitem="listennext" /> <elseif cond="movetosel == 2" /> <goto nextitem="leaveyourown" /> <elseif cond="movetosel > 5 /> <assign name="invalidcount" expr="invalidcount + 1" /> <reprompt /> <else /> <submit next="somewhereelse.cgi" namelist="filetoplay movetosel" /> </if>
Note here that <, >, <= and >= must be HTML encoded.
Variables may also be used in places like <audio> tags, instead of explicitly setting the src you can:
<audio expr="filetoplay" />
Since this is a variable name, it is not 'quoted'... that's why the file played is whatever is set in the filetoplay variable, rather than a file called 'filetoplay'.
This implementation is far from complete and has a number of limitations (e.g. though expr="invalidcount + 1" currently works, changing the order or adding two variables would likely fail) but a number of examples can be seen within the included exampleBBSBox.vxml file and on http://voicexml.psychogenic.com/
If you stick to these conventions, you're vxml will work now and in the future, when a true interpreter is developed for or incorporated within VoiceXML::Client.
Detailed documentation is available on the project site at
http://voicexml.psychogenic.com/
VoiceXML::Client was created as a supporting component of the second version of the VOCP voice messaging system (http://www.vocpsystem.com).
It relies on the capabilities of the pure perl XML::Mini xml parser (http://minixml.psychogenic.com/)
Pat Deegan, http://www.psychogenic.com
Copyright (C) 2007,2008 by Pat Deegan. All rights reserved http://voicexml.psychogenic.com
This library is released under the terms of the GNU GPL version 3, making it available only for free programs ("free" here being used in the sense of the GPL, see http://www.gnu.org for more details). Anyone wishing to use this library within a proprietary or otherwise non-GPLed program MUST contact psychogenic.com to acquire a distinct license for their application. This approach encourages the use of free software while allowing for proprietary solutions that support further development.
This file is part of VoiceXML::Client.
VoiceXML::Client is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. VoiceXML::Client is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with VoiceXML::Client. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
To install VoiceXML::Client, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm VoiceXML::Client
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install VoiceXML::Client
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.