NAME

Mail::SPF::Iterator - iterative SPF lookup

SYNOPSIS

    use Net::DNS;
    use Mail::SPF::Iterator;
    use Mail::SPF::Iterator Debug =>1; # enable debugging
    my $spf = Mail::SPF::Iterator->new(
        $ip,       # IP4|IP6 of client
        $mailfrom, # from MAIL FROM:
        $helo,     # from HELO|EHLO
        $myname,   # optional: my hostname
    );

    # could be other resolvers too
    my $resolver = Net::DNS::Resolver->new;

    ### with nonblocking, but still in loop
    ### (callbacks are preferred with non-blocking)
    my ($result,@ans) = $spf->next; # initial query
    while ( ! $result ) {
        my @query = @ans;
        die "no queries" if ! @query;
        for my $q (@query) {
            # resolve query
            my $socket = $resolver->bgsend( $q );
            ... wait...
            my $answer = $resolver->bgread($socket);
            ($result,@ans) = $spf->next(
                $answer                             # valid answer
                || [ $q, $resolver->errorstring ]   # or DNS problem
            );
            last if $result; # got final result
            last if @ans;    # got more DNS queries
        }
    }

    ### OR with blocking:
    ### ($result,@ans) = $spf->lookup_blocking( undef,$resolver );

    ### print mailheader
    print "Received-SPF: ".$spf->mailheader;

    # $result = Fail|Pass|...
    # $ans[0] = comment for Received-SPF
    # $ans[1] = %hash with infos for Received-SPF
    # $ans[2] = explanation in case of Fail

DESCRIPTION

This module provides an iterative resolving of SPF records. Contrary to Mail::SPF, which does blocking DNS lookups, this module just returns the DNS queries and later expects the responses.

Lookup of the DNS records will be done outside of the module and can be done in a event driven way.

This module can also make use of SenderID records for checking the mfrom part, but only if it finds an SenderID record first (e.g. if the SPF reply contains only SenderID and the the TXT SenderID and SPF and it gets the SPF reply first it will use SenderID, if it gets TXT first it will use SPF).

This behavior is not compatible with RFC4406 where SenderID records take preference, but compatible with RFC4408 in that it uses SPF records and provides a way to use SenderID if no SPF records are given.

See RFC4408 for SPF and RFC4406 for SenderID.

METHODS

new( IP, MAILFROM, HELO, [ MYNAME ] )

Construct a new Mail::SPF::Iterator object, which maintains the state between the steps of the iteration. For each new SPF check a new object has to be created.

IP is the IP if the client as string (IP4 or IP6).

MAILFROM is the user@domain part from the MAIL FROM handshake, e.g. '<','>' and any parameters removed. If only '<>' was given (like in bounces) the value is empty.

HELO is the string send within the HELO|EHLO dialog which should be a domain according to the RFC but often is not.

MYNAME is the name of the local host. It's only used if required by macros inside the SPF record.

Returns the new object.

next([ ANSWER ])

next will be initially called with no arguments to get initial DNS queries and then will be called with the DNS answers.

ANSWER is either a DNS packet with the response to a former query or [ QUERY, REASON ] on failures, where QUERY is the DNS packet containing the failed query and REASON the reason, why the query failed (like TIMEOUT).

If a final result was achieved it will return ( RESULT, COMMENT, HASH, EXPLAIN ). RESULT is the result, e.g. "Fail", "Pass",.... COMMENT is the comment for the Received-SPF header. HASH contains information about problem, mechanism for the Received-SPF header. EXPLAIN will be set to the explain string if RESULT is Fail.

If no final result was achieved yet it will either return (undef,@QUERIES) with a list of new queries to continue, ('') in case the ANSWER produced an error but got ignored, because there are other queries open, or () in case the ANSWER was ignored because it did not match any open queries.

mailheader

Creates value for Received-SPF header based on the final answer from next(). Returns header as string (one line, no folding) or undef, if no final result was found. This creates only the value, not the 'Received-SPF' prefix.

result

Returns ( RESULT, COMMENT, HASH, EXPLAIN ) like the final next does or () if the final result wasn't found yet.

If the SPF record had an explain modifier, which needed DNS lookups to resolve this method might return the result (although with incomplete explain) before next does it.

explain_default ( [ EXPLAIN ] )

Sets default explanation string if EXPLAIN is given. If it's called as a class method the default explanation string for the class will be set, otherwise the default explanation string for the object.

Returns the current default explanation string for the object or if non given or if called as a class method the default explanation string for the class.

lookup_blocking ( [ TIMEOUT, RESOLVER ] )

Quick way to get the SPF status. This will simply call next until it gets a final result.

TIMEOUT limits the lookup time and defaults to 20. RESOLVER is a Net::DNS::Resolver object (or similar) and defaults to Net::DNS::Resolver->new. Returns ( RESULT, COMMENT, HASH ) like the final next does.

This is not the preferred way to use this module, because it's blocking, so no lookups can be done in parallel in a single process/thread.

EXPORTED SYMBOLS

For convenience the constants SPF_TempError, SPF_PermError, SPF_Pass, SPF_Fail, SPF_SoftFail, SPF_Neutral, SPF_None are by default exported, which have the values "TempError", "PermError" ...

Arguments to use/import

The SPF_* symbols are available for import and are exported if no arguments are given to use or import. Same effect with adding :DEFAULT as an argument. Additionally the following arguments are supported:

DebugFunc => \&coderef

Sets a custom debug function, which just takes on argument. If given it will be called on all debug messages when debugging is active. This function takes as the only argument the debug message.

Debug => 1|0

Switches debugging on/off.

AUTHOR

Steffen Ullrich <sullr@cpan.org>

COPYRIGHT

Copyright by Steffen Ullrich.

This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.