NAME

Text::Layout - Pango style markup formatting

This module will cooperate with PDF::API2, PDF::Builder, Cairo, and Pango.

SYNOPSIS

Text::Layout provides methods for Pango style text formatting. Where possible the methods have identical names and (near) identical behaviour as their Pango counterparts.

See https://developer.gnome.org/pango/stable/pango-Layout-Objects.html.

The package uses Text::Layout::FontConfig (included) to organize fonts by description.

If module HarfBuzz::Shaper is installed, Text::Layout can use it for text shaping.

Example, using PDF::API2 integration:

    use PDF::API2;              # or PDF::Builder
    use Text::Layout;

    # Create a PDF document.
    my $pdf = PDF::API2->new;   # or PDF::Builder->new
    $pdf->mediabox( 595, 842 ); # A4, PDF units

    # Set up page and get the text context.
    my $page = $pdf->page;
    my $ctx  = $page->text;

    # Create a markup instance.
    my $layout = Text::Layout->new($pdf);

    $layout->set_font_description(Text::Layout::FontConfig->from_string("times 40"));
    $layout->set_markup( q{The <i><span foreground="red">quick</span> <span size="20"><b>brown</b></span></i> fox} );

    # Center text.
    $layout->set_width(595);    # width of A4 page
    $layout->set_alignment("center");

    # Render it.
    $layout->show( 0, 600, $ctx );
    $pdf->saveas("out.pdf");

All PDF::API2 graphic and text methods can still be used, they won't interfere with the layout methods.

NOTES FOR PDF::API2/Builder USERS

Baselines

PDF::API2 and PDF::Builder render texts using the font baseline as origin.

This module typesets text in an area of possibly limited width and height. The origin is the top left of this area. Currently this area contains only a single line of text. This will change in the future when line breaking and paragraph formatting is implemented.

PDF::API2 and PDF::Builder coordinates have origin bottom left. This module produces information with respect to top left coordinates.

IMPORTANT NOTES FOR PANGO USERS

Coordinate system

Pango, layered upon Cairo, uses a coordinate system that starts off top left. So for western text the direction is increasing x and increasing y.

PDF::API2 uses the coordinate system as defined in the PDF specification. It starts off bottom left. For western text the direction is increasing x and decreasing y.

Pango coordinates

Pango uses two device coordinates units: Pango units and device units. Pango units are 1000 (PANGO_SCALE) times the device units.

Several methods have two variants, e.g. get_size() and get_pixel_size(). The pixel-variant uses device units while the other variant uses Pango units.

This module assumes no scaling. If you insist on multiplying all values by PANGO_SCALE use the set_pango_scale() method to say so and we'll divide everything back again internally.

Pango device units

Pango device units are 96dpi while PDF uses 72dpi. This module ignores this and uses PDF units everywhere, except for font sizes. Since we want e.g. a Times 20 font to be of equal size in the two systems, it will set the PDF font size to 15.

DBD: Is this really a good idea?

SUPPORTED MARKUP

Span attributes

font_desc="DESC": Specifies a font to be used, e.g. Serif 20.
font_face="FAM": Specifies a font family to be used.
font_family="FAM": Same as font_face="FAM".
size=FNUM: Font size (integer, or fractional).
style="STYLE": Specifes the font style, e.g. italic.
weight="WEIGHT": Specifies the font weight, e.g. bold.
foreground="COLOR": Specifies the foreground colour, e.g. black.
background="COLOR": Specifies the background colour, e.g. white.
underline="TYPE": Enables underlining. TYPE must be none, single, or double.
underline_color="COLOR": The colour to be used for underlining, if enabled.
overline="TYPE": Enables overlining. TYPE must be none, single, or double.
overline_color="COLOR": The colour to be used for ovderlining, if enabled.
strikethrough="ARG": Enables or diables overlining. ARG must be true or 1 to enable, and false or 0 to disable.
strikethrough_color="COLOR": The colour to be used for striking, if enabled.
rise=NUM: Rises the text by NUM units. May be negative to lower the text.

Also supported but not part of the official Pango Markup specification.

href="URL": Creates a clickable target that activates the URL.

Shortcuts

Equivalent span attributes for shortcuts.

b: weight=bold
big: larger
emp: style=italic
i: style=italic
s: strikethrough=true
small: size=smaller
strong: weight=bold
sub: size=smaller rise=300
sup: size=smaller rise=-300
tt: face=monospace
u: underline=single

METHODS

new( $pdf )

Creates a new layout instance for PDF::API2. This is for convenience. It is equivalent to

    use Text::Layout::PDFAPI2;
    $layout = Text::Layout::PDFAPI2->new($pdf);

For other implementations only the above method can be used.

The argument is the context for text formatting. In the case of PDF::API2 this will be a PDF::API2 object.

copy

Copies (clones) a layout instance.

The content is copied deeply, the context and fonts are copied by reference.

get_context: Gets the context of this layout.

context_changed: Not supported.

get_serial: Not supported.

set_text( $text )

Puts a string in this layout instance. No markup is processed.

Note that if you have used set_markup() on this layout before, you may want to call set_attributes() to clear the attributes set on the layout from the markup as this function does not clear all attributes.

get_text

Gets the content of this layout instance as a single string. Markup is ignored.

Returns undef if no text has been set.

get_character_count

Returns the number of characters in the text of this layout.

Basically the same as length of get_text().

Returns undef if no text has been set.

set_markup( $string )

Puts a string in this layout instance.

The string can contain Pango-compatible markup. See https://developer.gnome.org/pygtk/stable/pango-markup-language.html.

Implementation note: Although all markup is parsed, not all is implemented.

set_markup_with_accel: Not supported.

set_attributes
get_attributes: Not yet implemented.

set_font_description( $description )

Sets the default font description for the layout. If no font description is set on the layout, the font description from the layout's context is used.

$description is a Text::Layout::FontConfig object.

get_font_description

Gets the font description for the layout.

Returns undef if no font has been set yet.

set_width( $width )

Sets the width to which the lines of the layout should align, wrap or ellipsized. A value of zero or less means unlimited width. The width is in Pango units.

Implementation note: Only alignment is implemented.

get_width: Gets the width in Pango units for for this instance, or zero if unlimited.

set_height( $height )

Sets the height in Pango units for this instance.

Implementation note: Height restrictions are not yet implemented.

get_height: Gets the height in Pango units for this instance, or zero if no height restrictions apply.

set_wrap( $mode )

Sets the wrap mode; the wrap mode only has effect if a width is set on the layout with set_width(). To turn off wrapping, set the width to zero or less.

Not yet implemented.

get_wrap

Returns the current wrap mode.

Not yet implemented.

is_wrapped: Queries whether the layout had to wrap any paragraphs.

set_ellipsize( $mode )

Sets the type of ellipsization being performed for the layout.

Not yet implemented.

get_ellipsize: Gets the type of ellipsization being performed for the layout.

is_ellipsized

Queries whether the layout had to ellipsize any paragraphs.

Not yet implemented.

set_indent( $value )

Sets the width in Pango units to indent for each paragraph.

A negative value of indent will produce a hanging indentation. That is, the first line will have the full width, and subsequent lines will be indented by the absolute value of indent.

The indent setting is ignored if layout alignment is set to center.

Not yet implemented.

get_indent: Gets the current indent value in Pango units.

set_spacing( $value )

Sets the amount of spacing, in Pango units, between lines of the layout.

When placing lines with spacing, things are arranged so that

    line2.top = line1.bottom + spacing

Note: By default the line height (as determined by the font) for placing lines is used. The spacing set with this function is only taken into account when the line-height factor is set to zero with set_line_spacing().

Not yet implemented.

get_spacing: Gets the current amount of spacing, in Pango units.

set_line_spacing( $factor )

Sets a factor for line spacing. Typical values are: 0, 1, 1.5, 2. The default value is 0.

If factor is non-zero, lines are placed so that

    baseline2 = baseline1 + factor * height2

where height2 is the line height of the second line (as determined by the font(s)). In this case, the spacing set with set_spacing() is ignored.

If factor is zero, spacing is applied as before.

Not yet implemented.

get_line_spacing: Gets the current line spacing factor.

set_justify( $state )

Sets whether each complete line should be stretched to fill the entire width of the layout. This stretching is typically done by adding whitespace.

Not yet implemented.

get_justify: Gets whether each complete line should be stretched to fill the entire width of the layout.

set_auto_dir( $state )
get_auto_dir: Not supported.

set_alignment( $align )

Sets the alignment for the layout: how partial lines are positioned within the horizontal space available.

$align must be one of left, center, or right,

get_alignment: Gets the alignment for this instance.

set_tabs( $stops )
get_tabs: Not yet implemented.

set_single_paragraph_mode( $state )
get_single_paragraph_mode: Not yet implemented.

get_unknown_glyphs_count

Counts the number unknown glyphs in the layout.

Not yet implemented.

get_log_attrs
get_log_attrs_readonly: Not implemented.

index_to_pos( $index )

Converts from a character index within the layout to the onscreen position corresponding to the grapheme at that index, which is represented as rectangle.

Not yet implemented.

index_to_line_x ( $index )

Converts from a character index within the layout to line and X position.

Not yet implemented.

xy_to_index ( $x, $y )

Converts from $x,$y position to a character index within the layout.

Not yet implemented.

get_extents

Computes the logical and ink extents of the layout.

Logical extents are usually what you want for positioning things.

Return value is an array (in list context) or an array ref (in scalar context) containing two hash refs with 4 values: x, y, width, and height. The first reflects the ink extents, the second the logical extents.

x will reflect the offset when text is centered or right aligned. It will be zero for left aligned text. For right aligned text, it will be the width of the layout.

y will reflect the offset when text is centered vertically or bottom aligned. It will be zero for top aligned text.

Implementation note: Since the PDF::API support layer cannot calculate ink, this function returns two identical extents.

get_pixel_extents: Same as get_extents, but using device units.

get_size

Returns the width and height of this layout.

In list context, width and height are returned as an two-element list. In scalar context a hashref with keys width and height is returned.

get_pixel_size: Same as get_size().

get_iter

Returns the layout for the first line.

Implementation note: This is a dummy, it returns the layout. It is provided so you can write $layout->get_iter()->get_baseline() to be compatible with the official Pango API.

get_baseline

Gets the Y position of the baseline of the first line in this layout.

Implementation note: Position is relative to top left, so due to the PDF coordinate system this is a negative number.

Note: The Python API only supports this method on iteration objects. See get_iter().

METHODS NOT IMPLEMENTED

get_line_count
get_line( $index )
get_line_readonly( $index )
get_lines
get_lines_readonly
line_get_extents
line_get_pixel_entents
line_index_to_x
line_x_to_index
line_get_x_ranges
line_get_height
get_cursor_pos
move_cursor_visually

ADDITIONAL METHODS

The following methods are not part of the Pango API.

set_font_size( $size ): Sets the size for the current font.

get_font_size

Returns the size of the current font.

NOTE: This is not a Pango API method.

get_bbox

Returns the bounding box of the text, w.r.t. the origin.

     +-----------+   ascend
     |           |
     |           |
     |           |
     |           |
     |           |
     | <-width-> |
     |           |
     |           |
     o-----------+   o = origin baseline
     |           |
     |           |
     +-----------+   descend

bb = ( left, descend, right, ascend )

bb[0] = left is nonzero for centered and right aligned text

bb[1] = descend is a negative value

bb[2] - bb[0] = advancewidth

bb[2] = layout width for right aligned text

bb[3] = ascend is a positive value

NOTE: Some fonts do not include accents on capital letters in the ascend.

show( $x, $y, $text )

Transfers the content of this layout instance to the designated graphics environment.

Use this instead of Pango::Cairo::show_layout().

For PDF::API2, $text must be an object created by the $page->text method.

set_pango_scale( $scale )

Sets the pango scaling to $scale, which should be 1000.

Set to 1 to cancel scaling, causing all methods to use pixel units instead of Pango units. Set to 0 to get the default behaviour.

AUTHOR

Johan Vromans, <JV at CPAN dot org>

SUPPORT

Development of this module takes place on GitHub: https://github.com/sciurius/perl-Text-Layout.

You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.

  perldoc Text::Layout

Please report any bugs or feature requests using the issue tracker on GitHub.

LICENSE

This module is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the Artistic License 2.0.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but without any warranty; without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

To install Text::Layout, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm Text::Layout

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Text::Layout

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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NAME

SYNOPSIS

NOTES FOR PDF::API2/Builder USERS

Baselines

IMPORTANT NOTES FOR PANGO USERS

Coordinate system

Pango coordinates

Pango device units

SUPPORTED MARKUP

Span attributes

Shortcuts

METHODS

METHODS NOT IMPLEMENTED

ADDITIONAL METHODS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

SUPPORT

LICENSE

Module Install Instructions