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#      $URL: http://perlcritic.tigris.org/svn/perlcritic/branches/Perl-Critic-PPI-1.204/lib/Perl/Critic/Policy/Variables/ProhibitPackageVars.pm $
#     $Date: 2009-07-22 10:19:39 -0700 (Wed, 22 Jul 2009) $
#   $Author: clonezone $
# $Revision: 3435 $
##############################################################################
package Perl::Critic::Policy::Variables::ProhibitPackageVars;
use 5.006001;
use strict;
use warnings;
use Readonly;
use Carp qw( carp );
use List::MoreUtils qw(all);
use Perl::Critic::Utils qw{
    :booleans :characters :severities :data_conversion
};
use base 'Perl::Critic::Policy';
our $VERSION = '1.101_003';
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Readonly::Scalar my $DESC => q{Package variable declared or used};
Readonly::Scalar my $EXPL => [ 73, 75 ];
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub supported_parameters {
    return (
        {
            name            => 'packages',
            description     => 'The base set of packages to allow variables for.',
            default_string  => 'Data::Dumper File::Find FindBin Log::Log4perl',
            behavior        => 'string list',
        },
        {
            name            => 'add_packages',
            description     => 'The set of packages to allow variables for, in addition to those given in "packages".',
            default_string  => $EMPTY,
            behavior        => 'string list',
        },
    );
}
sub default_severity { return $SEVERITY_MEDIUM            }
sub default_themes   { return qw(core pbp maintenance)    }
sub applies_to       { return qw(PPI::Token::Symbol
                                 PPI::Statement::Variable
                                 PPI::Statement::Include) }
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub initialize_if_enabled {
    my ($self, $config) = @_;
    $self->{_all_packages} = {
        hashify keys %{ $self->{_packages} }, keys %{ $self->{_add_packages} }
    };
    return $TRUE;
}
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub violates {
    my ( $self, $elem, undef ) = @_;
    if ( $self->_is_package_var($elem) ||
         _is_our_var($elem)            ||
         _is_vars_pragma($elem) )
       {
        return $self->violation( $DESC, $EXPL, $elem );
    }
    return;  # ok
}
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub _is_package_var {
    my $self = shift;
    my $elem = shift;
    return if !$elem->isa('PPI::Token::Symbol');
    my ($package, $name) = $elem =~ m{ \A [@\$%] (.*) :: (\w+) \z }xms;
    return if not defined $package;
    return if _all_upcase( $name );
    return if $self->{_all_packages}->{$package};
    return 1;
}
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub _is_our_var {
    my $elem = shift;
    return if not $elem->isa('PPI::Statement::Variable');
    return if $elem->type() ne 'our';
    return if _all_upcase( $elem->variables() );
    return 1;
}
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub _is_vars_pragma {
    my $elem = shift;
    return if !$elem->isa('PPI::Statement::Include');
    return if $elem->pragma() ne 'vars';
    # Older Perls don't support the C<our> keyword, so we try to let
    # people use the C<vars> pragma instead, but only if all the
    # variable names are uppercase.  Since there are lots of ways to
    # pass arguments to pragmas (e.g. "$foo" or qw($foo) ) we just use
    # a regex to match things that look like variables names.
    my @varnames = $elem =~ m{ [@\$%&] (\w+) }gxms;
    return if !@varnames;   # no valid variables specified
    return if _all_upcase( @varnames );
    return 1;
}
sub _all_upcase {  ##no critic(ArgUnpacking)
    return all { $_ eq uc $_ } @_;
}
1;
__END__
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HideShow 87 lines of Pod
=pod
=head1 NAME
Perl::Critic::Policy::Variables::ProhibitPackageVars - Eliminate globals declared with C<our> or C<use vars>.
=head1 AFFILIATION
This Policy is part of the core L<Perl::Critic|Perl::Critic>
distribution.
=head1 DESCRIPTION
Conway suggests avoiding package variables completely, because they
expose your internals to other packages.  Never use a package variable
when a lexical variable will suffice.  If your package needs to keep
some dynamic state, consider using an object or closures to keep the
state private.
This policy assumes that you're using C<strict vars> so that naked
variable declarations are not package variables by default.  Thus, it
complains you declare a variable with C<our> or C<use vars>, or if you
make reference to variable with a fully-qualified package name.
    $Some::Package::foo = 1;    # not ok
    our $foo            = 1;    # not ok
    use vars '$foo';            # not ok
    $foo = 1;                   # not allowed by 'strict'
    local $foo = 1;             # bad taste, but technically ok.
    use vars '$FOO';            # ok, because it's ALL CAPS
    my $foo = 1;                # ok
In practice though, its not really practical to prohibit all package
variables.  Common variables like C<$VERSION> and C<@EXPORT> need to
be global, as do any variables that you want to Export.  To work
around this, the Policy overlooks any variables that are in ALL_CAPS.
This forces you to put all your exported variables in ALL_CAPS too,
which seems to be the usual practice anyway.
=head1 CONFIGURATION
There is room for exceptions.  Some modules, like the core File::Find
module, use package variables as their only interface, and others like
Data::Dumper use package variables as their most common interface.
These module can be specified from your F<.perlcriticrc> file, and the
policy will ignore them.
    [Variables::ProhibitPackageVars]
    packages = Data::Dumper File::Find FindBin Log::Log4perl
This is the default setting.  Using C<packages =>  will override these
defaults.
You can also add packages to the defaults like so:
    [Variables::ProhibitPackageVars]
    add_packages = My::Package
You can add package C<main> to the list of packages, but that will
only OK variables explicitly in the C<main> package.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<Perl::Critic::Policy::Variables::ProhibitPunctuationVars|Perl::Critic::Policy::Variables::ProhibitPunctuationVars>
L<Perl::Critic::Policy::Variables::ProhibitLocalVars|Perl::Critic::Policy::Variables::ProhibitLocalVars>
=head1 AUTHOR
Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer <thaljef@cpan.org>
=head1 COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer.  All rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.  The full text of this license
can be found in the LICENSE file included with this module.
=cut
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