#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# 31B8fSs - prym created by Pip@CPAN.Org to find prime numbers for fun
#  (as fast as I can in Perl using a sieve while saving all results)
#
#       -->  Press 'x' or Escape to eXit!  <--
#
#                  'v' toggles Visible progress
#                  'b' toggles Base64 integers
#
# Desc: This was originally a UserRPL program on my HP48GX calculator
#   called GetPrime.  I rewrote it in 4Dos batch in 1999 && had fun 
#   with that for many hours.  Now it will be reborn in Perl under a 
#   new name: prym.  Finding prime numbers is a screen-saver of sorts
#   for me.  I like to watch it =).  Specifically, I like to observe 
#   the percentages slowing descent alongside the MaxCheckDelta (MDlt).
#   When MDlt gets to zero, the MaxCheckIndex (Mn) increments && 
#   squares that prime number to get a new MaxCheck (MaxxCk) which 
#   makes the percentages jump up again && descend more slowly.  If 
#   you run `prym p` it will explode Prym.txt (which just stores deltas
#   in base64) into Prim.txt which will have one prime-per-line so the
#   nth prime can be found on line n.  `prym pN` where N is a base64 
#   number will print the Nth prime number from Prym.txt.  Uppercase 
#   "P" before N is the same but can be the decimal index of the prime.
#   I've added a much faster mode where it doesn't use Curses to draw 
#   anything.  The flag for this is called $draw in the code below.  
#   $draw can be given on the command line like `prym 0`.  If $draw is
#   false (zero), prym will find primes in 65536 blocks before saving 
#   to disk.  This way (without drawing every new found prime) seems to 
#   be finding about 250 new prime numbers per second on my machine 
#   while it was only finding about 3 new ones per second with draw on 
#   (but it is much more fun to watch the progress =) ).  Press Ctrl-C 
#   to break out if you're not drawing (but it won't save the progress 
#   it has made on this loop if you do this so you may want to wait 
#   until it completes a block before breaking execution if you want 
#   progress to be saved... blocks take about 4 minutes each to 
#   complete on my P3-750MHz machine).
# 2do:
#   if mxck surpasses @chkz, double csiz && reload chkz
#   use Time::PT && Frame math instead of Time::HiRes::time
#   mk prym faster
#   add any new fields that might be interesting to observe
#   add other keys
#   cleanup code
#   write help
use Math::BaseCnv qw(:all);
use Time::PT;
use Time::HiRes;
use Curses::Simp;
my $draw = shift; $draw = 1 unless(defined $draw);
# set draw to 0 for much faster calculation (it won't draw 
#  all the pretty stats or check for input so you have to Ctrl-C break it)
my @scrn = (); my @colz = (); my $qiii = "-1"; my $simp;
my $widt = 0;  my $hite = 0;  my $newl = "";
my $bsiz = shift || 65536; # rolling buffer size as the second param
my $csiz = shift ||  4096; # check array size as third param
my $lupz = shift ||  4096; # number of times to loop filling buffer as fourth param
my @chkz = (); my $buff = ""; my $temp = ""; my $cand = 0; my $done = 0; my $fndx = 0;
my $psiz = 0;  my $prev = 0;  my $pnum = 0;  my $coun = 0; my $fail = 0; my $colr;
my $indx = 0;  my $last = 0;  my $totl = 0;  my $mxnd = 0; my $mxck = 0; my $wich;
my $dttl = 0;  my $davg = 0;  my $time = 0;  my $otim = 0; 
my $dwid = 1;  my $bs64 = 0;  my $dtai = 1;  my $bzip = 1; my $visi = 1;
my $tttl = 0;  my $tavg = 0;  my $fwid = 0;  my $fdln;
my $pdfl = "PDsc.txt"; my $ppfl = "Prym.txt"; my $xpfl = "Prim.txt";
my @fdnm = ( "PipTime",  "PrymNdx",    "BfSiz",       "Dl", "PrymNumb",
                "MxNd", "MaxxChek",   "MxDelt");
my @fdcl = (      "Wu",       "Cb"    ,   "Uu",       "Pb",       "Gu", 
                  "Yb",       "ou",       "Rb");
my @flnm = ("AvgDelta", "FSecsDif", "AvgFSecs", "100th%Pr", "100th%Fl", 
            "Prym/Ndx");
my @flcl = (      "Wb",       "Cu",       "Ub",       "Pu",       "Gb", 
                  "Yu");
my @fdvl = (); my @flvl = ();
if($bzip && -e $ppfl . ".bz2") { system("bunzip2 $ppfl.bz2"); }
if($bzip && -e $pdfl . ".bz2") { system("bunzip2 $pdfl.bz2"); }
if($draw =~ /^p(\w*)/i) { # generate Prim.txt from Prym.txt or just return Nth prime
  $wich = $1 || undef;
  if(defined $wich && $draw =~ /^p/) { $wich = b10($wich); }
  if(-r $pdfl && -r $ppfl) { # read Prym
    open(PDFL, "<$pdfl");
    chomp($temp = <PDFL>);
    close(PDFL);
    ($totl, $mxnd, $mxck, $last) = split(/\s+/, $temp);
    $totl = b10($totl); $last = b10($last); 
    $mxnd = b10($mxnd); $mxck = b10($mxck);
    $pnum = 1; $coun = 1; $done = 0; $dwid = 1;
    open(PPFL, "<$ppfl");
    open(XPFL, ">$xpfl") unless(defined $wich);
    print XPFL "1\n"     unless(defined $wich);
    while(<PPFL>) {
      while(length($_)) {
        $_ =~ s/^(.{$dwid})//;
        if(defined $1) {
          if   ($1 eq "\n") { $dwid = 2; if(length($_)) { $dwid += length($_); } $_ = ""; last; }
          elsif($1 eq "0")  { $dwid = 1; $pnum++; }
          else              { $dwid = 1; $pnum += (2 * b10($1)); }
          $coun++;
          if(defined $wich) { 
            if($coun == $wich) {
              print $pnum;
              $done = 1;
              last;
            }
          } else { 
            print XPFL "$pnum\n"; 
          }
        }
      }
      last if($done);
    }
    close(XPFL) unless(defined $wich);
    close(PPFL);
  } else {
    print "!EROR! Could not create $xpfl because $pdfl or $ppfl cannot be read!\n";
  }
} else { # finding new primes...
  if($draw) {
    $simp = Curses::Simp->new('flagbkgr' => 1);
    $widt = $simp->Widt(); $hite = $simp->Hite();
    push(@scrn, "Loading check array..."); push(@colz, "wb" x $widt);
    while(@scrn < $hite) {
      push(@scrn, " " x $widt); push(@colz, "wb" x $widt);
    }
    $simp->Draw('text' => \@scrn, 'colr' => \@colz);
    $temp = 0;
    foreach(@fdnm) { $temp += length($_); }
    $fwid = int(($widt - $temp) / @flnm);
  }
  if(-r $pdfl) { # read checks from PDsc.txt into @chkz
    open(PDFL, "<$pdfl");
    <PDFL>; # get rid of stats line
    chomp(@chkz = <PDFL>); # snarf it all into checks
    close(PDFL);
  }
  if(@chkz < $csiz) { # either PDsc.txt doesn't exist or isn't large enough to fill @chkz
    if($draw) {
      $scrn[0] .= "Generating first $csiz primes.";
      $simp->Draw('text' => \@scrn, 'colr' => \@colz);
    }
    @chkz = ( 1..3 ); # so generate it
    $mxnd = $#chkz;
    $cand = $chkz[$mxnd];
    $mxck = ($chkz[$mxnd] * $chkz[$mxnd]);
    while(@chkz < $csiz) { # load chkz with first csiz primes
      $cand += 2; # prime candidates can only be odd numbers from 3 on
      while($cand >= $mxck) {
        $mxnd++;
        $mxck = ($chkz[$mxnd] * $chkz[$mxnd]);
      }
      $fail = 0;
      foreach(@chkz[2..$mxnd]) { # don't check for 1 or 2
        unless($cand % $_) { $fail = 1; last; }
      }
      unless($fail) {
        push(@chkz, $cand);
        if($draw && int($csiz / 64) && !(@chkz % int($csiz / 64))) {
          $scrn[0] .= ".";
          $simp->Draw('text' => \@scrn, 'colr' => \@colz);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if     (-r $pdfl) { # get Prym.txt description info
    open(PDFL, "<$pdfl");
    chomp($temp = <PDFL>);
    ($totl, $mxnd, $mxck, $last) = split(/\s+/, $temp);
    close(PDFL);
    $totl = b10($totl); $last = b10($last); 
    $mxnd = b10($mxnd); $mxck = b10($mxck);
  } elsif(-r $ppfl) { # or initialize description info from Prym.txt file (very slow!)
    open(PPFL, "<$ppfl");
    $coun = 0; $pnum = 0; $dwid = 1;
    while(<PPFL>) {
      while(length($_)) {
        $_ =~ s/^(.{$dwid})//;
        if(defined $1) {
          if   ($1 eq "\n") { $dwid = 2; if(length($_)) { $dwid += length($_); } $_ = ""; last; }
          elsif($1 eq "0")  { $dwid = 1; $pnum++; }
          else              { $dwid = 1; $pnum += (2 * b10($1)); }
          $coun++;
        }
      }
    }
    close(PPFL);
    ($totl, $mxnd, $mxck, $last) = ($coun, 2, 4, $pnum);
  } else {            # or initialize description info for starting clean
    ($totl, $mxnd, $mxck, $last) = (3, 2, 4, 3);
  }
  if($draw) {
    if(@scrn && $visi) {
      $simp->Draw('text' => \@scrn, 'colr' => \@colz);
    }
    @scrn = (); @colz = ();
    $newl = ""; $newc = "";
    for($fndx = 0; $fndx < @fdnm; $fndx++) {
      $fdln  = length($fdnm[$fndx]); 
      $newl .= sprintf("%${fdln}s", $fdnm[$fndx]); 
      if($fndx) {
        $colr  = $fdcl[$fndx];
        $newc .= $colr x $fdln; 
      } else {
        $newc .= ptcc() . ';';
      }
    }
    for($fndx = 0; $fndx < @flnm; $fndx++) {
      $newl .= sprintf("%-${fwid}.${fwid}s", $flnm[$fndx]);
      $colr  = $flcl[$fndx];
      $newc .= $colr x $fwid; 
    }
    push(@scrn, $newl);
    push(@colz, $newc);
    $otim = Time::HiRes::time unless($otim);
  }
  for($indx = 0; $indx < $lupz; $indx++) {
    $buff = '';
    if($totl == 3) { $buff = '00'; $mxnd = 2; }
    $cand = $last;
    $mxck = ($chkz[$mxnd] * $chkz[$mxnd]);
    while(lc($qiii) ne "x" && lc($qiii) ne "q" && ord($qiii) != 27 && length($buff) < $bsiz) { # load buff
      $cand += 2;
      while($cand >= $mxck) {
        $mxnd++;
        $mxck = ($chkz[$mxnd] * $chkz[$mxnd]);
      }
      $fail = 0;
      foreach(@chkz[2..$mxnd]) { # don't check for 1 or 2
        unless($cand % $_) { $fail = 1; last; }
      }
      unless($fail) {
        $temp  = (($cand - $last) / 2);
        $dttl += $temp;
        $temp  = b64($temp);
        $buff .= '\n' x (length($temp) - 1) if(length($temp) - 1);
        $buff .= $temp;
        $temp  = (($cand - $last) / 2) unless($bs64);
        $last  = $cand; 
        $totl++;
        if($draw && $dtai) {
          if(($indx * $bsiz) + length($buff)) {
            $davg = ($dttl / (($indx * $bsiz) + length($buff)));
          }
          $time = Time::HiRes::time;
          $otim = ($time - $tavg) if($otim == -1);
          $tttl += ($time - $otim) if(($time - $otim) < 4096);
          $tavg = ($tttl / (($indx * $bsiz) + length($buff)))  if(($indx * $bsiz) + length($buff));
          $newl = ""; 
#         @fdnm = ("PipTime","PrmNdx","BfSiz","Dl","B64Prime","MxNd","MaxxChek","MxDelt");
          if($bs64) {
            @fdvl = (pt, b64($totl), b64(length($buff)), $temp, b64($cand), b64($mxnd), b64($mxck),
                   b64($mxck - $cand));
          } else {
            @fdvl = (pt,     $totl ,     length($buff) , $temp,     $cand ,     $mxnd ,     $mxck ,
                      ($mxck - $cand));
          }
#         @flnm = ("AvgDelta", "FSecsDif", "AvgFSecs", "100th%Pr", "100th%Fl", "Prym/Ndx");
          @flvl = ($davg, ($time - $otim), $tavg, (($chkz[$mxnd] / $cand) * 10000), 
                   (($mxnd / $totl) * 10000), ($cand / $totl));
          for($fndx = 0; $fndx < @fdvl; $fndx++) {
            $fdln  = length($fdnm[$fndx]); 
            $newl .= sprintf("%${fdln}s", $fdvl[$fndx]); 
          }
          for($fndx = 0; $fndx < @flvl; $fndx++) {
            if($flvl[$fndx] =~ /^(\d+)\.?(\d*)$/) {
              $temp = 0; $temp = $2 if(defined $2 && $2);
              $newl .= sprintf("%-${fwid}.${fwid}s",     $1  . '.' .     $temp ); # decimal
            } else {
              $newl .= ' ' x $fwid;
            }
          }
          $otim = $time;
          push(@scrn, $newl);
          if(@scrn > $hite) { $temp = shift(@scrn); shift(@scrn); unshift(@scrn, $temp); }
          $newc = "";
          for($fndx = 0; $fndx < @fdnm; $fndx++) { 
            if($fndx) {
              $newc .= $fdcl[$fndx] x length($fdnm[$fndx]);
            } else {
              $newc .= ptcc() . ';';
            }
          }
          for($fndx = 0; $fndx < @flnm; $fndx++) { $newc .= $flcl[$fndx] x $fwid; }
          push(@colz, $newc);
          if(@colz > $hite) { $temp = shift(@colz); shift(@colz); unshift(@colz, $temp); }
          $simp->Draw('text' => \@scrn, 'colr' => \@colz) if($visi);
        }
      }
      $qiii = $simp->GetK() if($draw);
      if(lc($qiii) eq "b") { $bs64 ^= 1; }             # toggle Base64 view
      if(lc($qiii) eq "d") { $dtai ^= 1; $otim = -1; } # toggle Detailed view
      if(lc($qiii) eq "v") { $visi ^= 1; }             # toggle Visibility
    }
    open(PDFL, ">$pdfl"); # update PrimesDescription file
    print PDFL b64($totl) . " " . b64($mxnd) . " " . b64($mxck) . " " . b64($last) . "\n";
    foreach(@chkz) { print PDFL "$_\n"; }
    close(PDFL);
    open(PPFL, ">>$ppfl"); # append new Primes buffer
    print PPFL $buff;
    close(PPFL);
    if($draw) {
      unless($dtai) {
        push(@scrn, "PipTime:" . pt . " DoneWithSet#:$indx BfSiz:$bsiz UpToPrime#:$totl = $last");
        if(@scrn > $hite) { $temp = shift(@scrn); shift(@scrn); unshift(@scrn, $temp); }
        push(@colz, $fdcl[0] x 8 . $fdcl[1] x 8 . $fdcl[2] x 13 . $fdcl[3] x length($indx) . 
              $fdcl[4] x 6 . $fdcl[5] x length($bsiz) . $fdcl[6] x 12 . $fdcl[7] x length($totl) .
              $fdcl[0] x 3 . $fdcl[1] x length($last));
        if(@colz > $hite) { $temp = shift(@colz); shift(@colz); unshift(@colz, $temp); }
        $simp->Draw('text' => \@scrn, 'colr' => \@colz);
      }
    } else {
      print "PipTime:" . pt . " DoneWithSet#:$indx BfSiz:$bsiz UpToPrime#:$totl = $last\n";
    }
    last if($qiii eq "x" || ord($qiii) == 27); # finish if x or Escape pressed
  }
}
if($bzip && -e $ppfl) { system("bzip2 $ppfl"); }
if($bzip && -e $pdfl) { system("bzip2 $pdfl"); }