NAME

DB::Object - SQL API

SYNOPSIS

use DB::Object;

my $dbh = DB::Object->connect({
    driver => 'Pg',
    conf_file => 'db-settings.json',
    database => 'webstore',
    host => 'localhost',
    login => 'store-admin',
    schema => 'auth',
    debug => 3,
}) || bailout( "Unable to connect to sql server on host localhost: ", DB::Object->error );

# Legacy regular query
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( "SELECT login,name FROM login WHERE login='jack'" ) ||
die( $dbh->errstr() );
$sth->execute() || die( $sth->errstr() );
my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref();
$sth->finish();

# Get a list of databases;
my @databases = $dbh->databases;
# Doesn't exist? Create it:
my $dbh2 = $dbh->create_db( 'webstore' );
# Load some sql into it
my $rv = $dbh2->do( $sql ) || die( $dbh->error );

# Check a table exists
$dbh->table_exists( 'customers' ) || die( "Cannot find the customers table!\n" );

# Get list of tables, as array reference:
my $tables = $dbh->tables;

my $cust = $dbh->customers || die( "Cannot get customers object." );
$cust->where( email => 'john@example.org' );
my $str = $cust->delete->as_string;
# Becomes: DELETE FROM customers WHERE email='john\@example.org'

# Do some insert with transaction
$dbh->begin_work;
# Making some other inserts and updates here...
my $cust_sth_ins = $cust->insert(
    first_name => 'Paul',
    last_name => 'Goldman',
    email => 'paul@example.org',
    active => 0,
) || do
{
    # Rollback everything since the begin_work
    $dbh->rollback;
    die( "Error while create query to add data to table customers: " . $cust->error );
};
$result = $cust_sth_ins->as_string;
# INSERT INTO customers (first_name, last_name, email, active) VALUES('Paul', 'Goldman', 'paul\@example.org', '0')
$dbh->commit;
# Get the last used insert id
my $id = $dbh->last_insert_id();

$cust->where( email => 'john@example.org' );
$cust->order( 'last_name' );
$cust->having( email => qr/\@example/ );
$cust->limit( 10 );
my $cust_sth_sel = $cust->select || die( "An error occurred while creating a query to select data frm table customers: " . $cust->error );
# Becomes:
# SELECT id, first_name, last_name, email, created, modified, active, created::ABSTIME::INTEGER AS created_unixtime, modified::ABSTIME::INTEGER AS modified_unixtime, CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name) AS name FROM customers WHERE email='john\@example.org' HAVING email ~ '\@example' ORDER BY last_name LIMIT 10

$cust->reset;
$cust->where( email => 'john@example.org' );
my $cust_sth_upd = $cust->update( active => 0 )
# Would become:
# UPDATE ONLY customers SET active='0' WHERE email='john\@example.org'

# Lets' dump the result of our query
# First to STDERR
$login->where( "login='jack'" );
$login->select->dump();
# Now dump the result to a file
$login->select->dump( "my_file.txt" );

Using fields objects

$cust->where( $dbh->OR( $cust->fo->email == 'john@example.org', $cust->fo->id == 2 ) );
my $ref = $cust->select->fetchrow_hashref;

Doing some left join

my $geo_tbl = $dbh->geoip || return( $self->error( "Unable to get the database object \"geoip\"." ) );
my $name_tbl = $dbh->geoname || return( $self->error( "Unable to get the database object \"geoname\"." ) );
$geo_tbl->as( 'i' );
$name_tbl->as( 'l' );
$geo_tbl->where( "INET '?'" << $geo_tbl->fo->network );
$geo_tbl->alias( id => 'ip_id' );
$name_tbl->alias( country_iso_code => 'code' );
my $sth = $geo_tbl->select->join( $name_tbl, $geo_tbl->fo->geoname_id == $name_tbl->fo->geoname_id );
# SELECT
#     -- tables fields
# FROM
#     geoip AS i
#     LEFT JOIN geoname AS l ON i.geoname_id = l.geoname_id
# WHERE
#     INET '?' << i.network

Using a promise (Promise::Me) to execute an asynchronous query:

my $sth = $dbh->prepare( "SELECT some_slow_function(?)" ) || die( $dbh->error );
my $p = $sth->promise(10)->then(sub
{
    my $st = shift( @_ );
    my $ref = $st->fetchrow_hashref;
    my $obj = My::Module->new( %$ref );
})->catch(sub
{
    $log->warn( "Failed to execute query: ", @_ );
});
# Do other regular processing here
# Get the My::Module object
my( $obj ) = await( $p );

Sometimes, having placeholders in expression makes it difficult to work, so you can use placeholder objects to make it work:

	my $P = $dbh->placeholder( type => 'inet' );
    $orders_tbl->where( $dbh->OR( $orders_tbl->fo->ip_addr == "inet $P", "inet $P" << $orders_tbl->fo->ip_addr ) );
    my $order_ip_sth = $orders_tbl->select( 'id' ) || fail( "An error has occurred while trying to create a select by ip query for table orders: " . $orders_tbl->error );
    # SELECT id FROM orders WHERE ip_addr = inet ? OR inet ? << ip_addr

Be careful though, when using fields objects, not to do this:

my $tbl = $dbh->some_table;
$tbl->where( $tbl->fo->some_field => '?', $tbl->fo->other_field => '?' );
my $sth = $tbl->select || die( $tbl->error );

Because the fields objects are overloaded, instead do this:

my $tbl = $dbh->some_table;
$tbl->where( $tbl->fo->some_field == '?', $tbl->fo->other_field == '?' );
my $sth = $tbl->select || die( $tbl->error );

Accessing a property in a JSON or JSONB field:

my $tbl = $dbh->some_table;
$tbl->where( metadata => { is_system => 'true' } );
my $sth = $tbl->select;
say $sth->as_string;
# SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE metadata->>is_system = 'true';

In future release, other operators than = will be implemented for JSON and JSONB fields.

VERSION

v1.4.6

DESCRIPTION

DB::Object is a SQL API much alike DBI, but with the added benefits that it formats queries in a simple object oriented, chaining way.

So why use a private module instead of using that great DBI package?

At first, I started to inherit from DBI to conform to perlmod perl manual page and to general perl coding guidlines. It became very quickly a real hassle. Barely impossible to inherit, difficulty to handle error, too much dependent from an API that changes its behaviour with new versions. In short, I wanted a better, more accurate control over the SQL connection and an easy way to format sql statement using an object oriented approach.

So, DB::Object acts as a convenient, modifiable wrapper that provides the programmer with an intuitive, user-friendly, object oriented and hassle free interface.

However, if you use the power of this interface to prepare queries conveniently, you should cache the resulting statement handler object, because there is an obvious real cost penalty in preparing queries and they absolutely do not need to be prepared each time. So you can do something like:

my $sth;
unless( $sth = $dbh->cache_query_get( 'some_arbitrary_identifier' ) )
{
    # prepare the query
    my $tbl = $dbh->some_table || die( $dbh->error );
    $tbl->where( id => '?' );
    $sth = $tbl->select || die( $tbl->error );
    $dbh->cache_query_set( some_arbitrary_identifier => $sth );
}
$sth->exec(12) || die( $sth->error );
my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;

This will provide you with the convenience and power of DB::Object while keeping execution fast.

CONSTRUCTOR

new

Create a new instance of DB::Object. Nothing much to say.

connect

Provided with a database, login, password, server:[port], driver, schema, and optional hash or hash reference of parameters and this will issue a, possibly cached, database connection and return the resulting database handler.

Create a new instance of DB::Object, but also attempts a connection to SQL server.

It can take either an array of value in the order database name, login, password, host, driver and optionally schema, or it can take a has or hash reference. The hash or hash reference attributes are as follow.

Note that if you provide connection options that are not among the followings, this will return an error.

cache_connections

Defaults to true.

If true, this will instruct DBI to use "connect_cached" in DBI instead of just "connect" in DBI

Beware that using cached connections can have some drawbacks, such as if you open a cached connection, enters into a transaction using "begin_work" in DB::Object, then somewhere else in your code a call to a cached connection using the same parameters, which DBI will provide, but will reset the database handler parameters, including the AutoCommit that will have been temporarily set to false when you called "begin_work", and then you close your transaction by calling "rollback" or "commit", but it will trigger an error, because AutoCommit will have been reset on this cached connection to a true value. "rollback" and "commit" require that AutoCommit be disabled, which "begin_work" normally do.

Thus, if you want to avoid using a cached connection, set this to false.

More on this issue at DBI documentation
database or DB_NAME

The database name you wish to connect to
login or DB_LOGIN

The login used to access that database
passwd or DB_PASSWD

The password that goes along
host or DB_HOST

The server, that is hostname of the machine serving a SQL server.
port or DB_PORT

The port to connect to
driver or DB_DRIVER

The driver you want to use. It needs to be of the same type than the server you want to connect to. If you are connecting to a MySQL server, you would use mysql, if you would connecto to an Oracle server, you would use oracle.

You need to make sure that those driver are properly installed in the system before attempting to connect.

To install the required driver, you could start with the command line:
```
perl -MCPAN -e shell
```
which will provide you a special shell to install modules in a convenient way.
schema or DB_SCHEMA

The schema to use to access the tables. Currently only used by PostgreSQL
opt

This takes a hash reference and contains the standard DBI options such as PrintError, RaiseError, AutoCommit, etc

conf_file or DB_CON_FILE

This is used to specify a json connection configuration file. It can also provided via the environment variable DB_CON_FILE. It has the following structure:

{
"database": "some_database",
"host": "db.example.com",
"login": "sql_joe",
"passwd": "some password",
"driver": "Pg",
"schema": "warehouse",
"opt":
    {
    "RaiseError": false,
    "PrintError": true,
    "AutoCommit": true
    }
}

Alternatively, it can contain connections parameters for multiple databases and drivers, such as:

{
    "databases": [
        {
        "database": "some_database",
        "host": "db.example.com",
        "port": 5432,
        "login": "sql_joe",
        "passwd": "some password",
        "driver": "Pg",
        "schema": "warehouse",
        "opt":
            {
            "RaiseError": false,
            "PrintError": true,
            "AutoCommit": true
            }
        },
        {
        "database": "other_database",
        "host": "db.example2.com",
        "login": "sql_bob",
        "passwd": "other password",
        "driver": "mysql",
        },
        {
        "database": "/path/to/my/database.sqlite",
        "driver": "SQLite",
        }
    ]
}

uri or DB_CON_URI

This is used to specify an uri to contain all the connection parameters for one database connection. It can also provided via the environment variable DB_CON_URI. For example:

http://db.example.com:5432?database=some_database&login=sql_joe&passwd=some%020password&driver=Pg&schema=warehouse&&opt=%7B%22RaiseError%22%3A+false%2C+%22PrintError%22%3Atrue%2C+%22AutoCommit%22%3Atrue%7D

Here the opt parameter is passed as a json string, for example:

{"RaiseError": false, "PrintError":true, "AutoCommit":true}

METHODS

alias

See "alias" in DB::Object::Tables

allow_bulk_delete

Sets/gets the boolean value for whether to allow unsafe bulk delete. This means query without any where clause.

Default is false.

allow_bulk_update

Sets/gets the boolean value for whether to allow unsafe bulk update. This means query without any where clause.

Default is false.

AND

Takes any arguments and wrap them into a AND clause.

$tbl->where( $dbh->AND( $tbl->fo->id == ?, $tbl->fo->frequency >= .30 ) );

as_string

See "as_string" in DB::Object::Statement

auto_convert_datetime_to_object

Sets or gets the boolean value. If true, then this api will automatically transcode datetime value into their equivalent DateTime object.

Default is false.

auto_decode_json

Sets or gets the boolean value. If true, then this api will automatically transcode json data into perl hash reference.

Default is true.

avoid

See "avoid" in DB::Object::Tables

attribute

Sets or get the value of database connection parameters.

If only one argument is provided, returns its value. If multiple arguments in a form of pair => value are provided, it sets the corresponding database parameters.

The authorised parameters are:

Active: Is read-only.
ActiveKids: Is read-only.
AutoCommit: Can be changed.
AutoInactiveDestroy: Can be changed.
CachedKids: Is read-only.
Callbacks: Can be changed.
ChildHandles: Is read-only.
ChopBlanks: Can be changed.
CompatMode: Can be changed.
CursorName: Is read-only.
ErrCount: Is read-only.
Executed: Is read-only.
FetchHashKeyName: Is read-only.
HandleError: Can be changed.
HandleSetErr: Can be changed.
InactiveDestroy: Can be changed.
Kids: Is read-only.
LongReadLen: Can be changed.
LongTruncOk: Can be changed.
NAME: Is read-only.
NULLABLE: Is read-only.
NUM_OF_FIELDS: Is read-only.
NUM_OF_PARAMS: Is read-only.
Name: Is read-only.
PRECISION: Is read-only.
PrintError: Can be changed.
PrintWarn: Can be changed.
Profile: Is read-only.
RaiseError: Can be changed.
ReadOnly: Can be changed.
RowCacheSize: Is read-only.
RowsInCache: Is read-only.
SCALE: Is read-only.
ShowErrorStatement: Can be changed.
Statement: Is read-only.
TYPE: Is read-only.
Taint: Can be changed.
TaintIn: Can be changed.
TaintOut: Can be changed.
TraceLevel: Can be changed.
Type: Is read-only.
Warn: Can be changed.

available_drivers

Return the list of available drivers.

base_class

Returns the base class.

bind

If no values to bind to the underlying query is provided, "bind" simply activate the bind value feature.

If values are provided, they are allocated to the statement object and will be applied when the query will be executed.

Example:

$dbh->bind()
# or
$dbh->bind->where( "something" )
# or
$dbh->bind->select->fetchrow_hashref()
# and then later
$dbh->bind( 'thingy' )->select->fetchrow_hashref()

cache

Activate caching.

$tbl->cache->select->fetchrow_hashref();

cache_connections

Sets/get the cached database connection.

cache_dir

Sets or gets the directory on the file system used for caching data.

cache_query_get

my $sth;
unless( $sth = $dbh->cache_query_get( 'some_arbitrary_identifier' ) )
{
    # prepare the query
    my $tbl = $dbh->some_table || die( $dbh->error );
    $tbl->where( id => '?' );
    $sth = $tbl->select || die( $tbl->error );
    $dbh->cache_query_set( some_arbitrary_identifier => $sth );
}
$sth->exec(12) || die( $sth->error );
my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;

Provided with a unique name, and this will return a cached statement object if it exists already, otherwise it will return undef

cache_query_set

my $sth;
unless( $sth = $dbh->cache_query_get( 'some_arbitrary_identifier' ) )
{
    # prepare the query
    my $tbl = $dbh->some_table || die( $dbh->error );
    $tbl->where( id => '?' );
    $sth = $tbl->select || die( $tbl->error );
    $dbh->cache_query_set( some_arbitrary_identifier => $sth );
}
$sth->exec(12) || die( $sth->error );
my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;

Provided with a unique name and a statement object (DB::Object::Statement), and this will cache it.

What this does simply is store the statement object in a global $QUERIES_CACHE hash reference of identifier-statement object pairs.

It returns the statement object cached.

cache_table

Sets or gets a boolean value whether to cache the table fields object.

When this is enabled, the second time a database table is accessed, it will retrieve its field objects from the cache rather than recreating them after reading the structure from the database. This is much faster.

By default, this is set to false.

This can be specified in the configuration file passed when instantiating a new DB::Object object with the property cache_table

cache_table_fields

my $all_dbs = $dbh->cache_table_fields;
my $all_tables = $dbh->cache_table_fields( database => $some_database );
my $all_fields = $dbh->cache_table_fields(
    database => $some_database,
    table => $some_table,
);
$dbh->cache_table_fields(
    database => $some_database,
    table => $some_table,
    fields => $some_hash_reference,
);

Sets or gets the hash reference of database table field name to their corresponding object.

If no parameter is provided, it will return the entire cache for all databases for a given driver.

If only a database name is provided, it will return the cache hash reference for all the tables in the given database.

If a database and a table name is provided, this will return an hash reference of field name to their corresponding object.

If a database and a table name and an hash reference of field names to their corresponding objects is provided, it will set this hash as the cache for the given database and table.

cache_tables

Sets or gets the DB::Object::Cache::Tables object.

check_driver

Check that the driver set in $SQL_DRIVER in ~/etc/common.cfg is indeed available.

It does this by calling "available_drivers".

connect

This will attempt a database server connection.

It called "_connection_params2hash" to get the necessary connection parameters, which is superseded in each driver package.

Then, it will call "_check_connect_param" to get the right parameters for connection.

It will also call "_check_default_option" to get some driver specific default options unless the previous call to _check_connect_param returned an has with a property opt.

It will then set the following current object properties: "database", "host", "port", "login", "passwd", "driver", "cache", "bind", "opt"

Unless specified in the connection options retrieved with "_check_default_option", it sets some basic default value:

AutoCommit 1
PrintError 0
RaiseError 0

Finally it tries to connect by calling the, possibly superseded, method "_dbi_connect"

It instantiate a DB::Object::Cache::Tables object to cache database tables and return the current object.

constant_queries_cache

Returns the global value for $CONSTANT_QUERIES_CACHE

This is used by "constant_queries_cache_get" and "constant_queries_cache_set"

constant_queries_cache_get

Provided with some hash reference with properties pack, file and line that are together used as a key in the cache and this will use an existing entry in the cache if available.

constant_queries_cache_set

Provided with some hash reference with properties pack, file and line that are together used as a key in the cache and query_object and this will set an entry in the cache. it returns the hash reference initially provided.

constant_to_datatype

Provided with a data type constant value and this returns its equivalent data type as a string in upper case.

This constant is set by the driver, or by default by DBI. For example SQL_VARCHAR is 12 and its data type is VARCHAR

copy

Provided with either a reference to an hash or an hash of key => value pairs, "copy" will first execute a select statement on the table object, then fetch the row of data, then replace the key-value pair in the result by the ones provided, and finally will perform an insert.

Return false if no data to copy were provided, otherwise it always returns true.

create_db

This is a method that must be implemented by the driver package.

create_table

This is a method that must be implemented by the driver package.

data_sources

Given an optional list of options as hash, this return the data source of the database handler.

data_type

Given a reference to an array or an array of data type, "data_type" will check their availability in the database driver.

If nothing found, it return an empty list in list context, or undef in scalar context.

If something was found, it returns a hash in list context or a reference to a hash in list context.

database

Return the name of the current database.

databases

This returns the list of available databases.

This is a method that must be implemented by the driver package.

datatype_dict

Returns an hash reference of each data type with their equivalent constant, regular expression (re), constant name and type name.

Each data type is an hash with the following properties for each type: constant, name, re, type

The data returned is dependent on each driver.

datatype_to_constant

my $type = $dbh->datatype_to_constant( 'varchar' ); # 12

# Below achieves the same result
use DBI ':sql_types';
say SQL_VARCHAR; # 12

Provided with a data type as a string and this returns its equivalent driver value if any, or by default the one of set by DBI.

The data type provided is case insensitive.

If no matching data type exists, it returns undef in scalar context, or an empty list in list context.

As pointed out by DBI documentation: "just because the DBI defines a named constant for a given data type doesn't mean that drivers will support that data type."

datatypes

my $types = $dbh->datatypes;

Returns an hash reference of data types to their respective values.

If the driver has its own, it will return the driver's constants, otherwise, this will return an hash reference of DBI data type constants.

As pointed out by DBI documentation: "just because the DBI defines a named constant for a given data type doesn't mean that drivers will support that data type."

delete

See "delete" in DB::Object::Tables

disconnect

Disconnect from database. Returns the return code.

my $rc = $dbh->disconnect;

do

Provided with a string representing a sql query, some hash reference of attributes and some optional values to bind and this will execute the query and return the statement handler.

The attributes list will be used to prepare the query and the bind values will be used when executing the query.

Example:

$rc = $dbh->do( $statement ) || die( $dbh->errstr );
$rc = $dbh->do( $statement, \%attr ) || die( $dbh->errstr );
$rv = $dbh->do( $statement, \%attr, @bind_values ) || die( $dbh->errstr );
my $rows_deleted = $dbh->do(
q{
   DELETE FROM table WHERE status = ?
}, undef(), 'DONE' ) || die( $dbh->errstr );

driver

Return the name of the driver for the current object.

enhance

Toggle the enhance mode on/off.

When on, the functions "from_unixtime" and "unix_timestamp" will be used on date/time field to translate from and to unix time seamlessly.

err

Get the currently set error.

errno

Is just an alias for "err".

errmesg

Is just an alias for "errstr".

errstr

Get the currently set error string.

FALSE

This return the keyword FALSE to be used in queries.

fatal

Provided a boolean value and this toggles fatal mode on/off.

format_statement

See "format_statement" in DB::Object::Tables

format_update

See "format_update" in DB::Object::Tables

from_unixtime

See "from_unixtime" in DB::Object::Tables

get_sql_type

Provided with a sql type, irrespective of the character case, and this will return the driver equivalent constant value.

group

See "group" in DB::Object::Tables

host

Sets or gets the host property for this database object.

insert

See "insert" in DB::Object::Tables

last_insert_id

Get the id of the primary key from the last insert.

limit

See "limit" in DB::Object::Tables

local

See "local" in DB::Object::Tables

lock

This method must be implemented by the driver package.

Sets or gets the login property for this database object.

no_bind

When invoked, "no_bind" will change any preparation made so far for caching the query with bind parameters, and instead substitute the value in lieu of the question mark placeholder.

no_cache

Disable caching of queries.

NOT

Returns a new DB::Object::NOT object, passing it whatever arguments were provided.

NULL

Returns a NULL string to be used in queries.

on_conflict

See "on_conflict" in DB::Object::Tables

OR

Returns a new DB::Object::OR object, passing it whatever arguments were provided.

order

See "order" in DB::Object::Tables

P

Returns a DB::Object::Placeholder object, passing it whatever arguments was provided.

param

If only a single parameter is provided, its value is return. If a list of parameters is provided they are set accordingly using the SET sql command.

Supported parameters are:

AUTOCOMMIT
INSERT_ID
LAST_INSERT_ID
SQL_AUTO_IS_NULL
SQL_BIG_SELECTS
SQL_BIG_TABLES
SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
SQL_LOG_OFF
SQL_LOW_PRIORITY_UPDATES
SQL_MAX_JOIN_SIZE
SQL_SAFE_MODE
SQL_SELECT_LIMIT
SQL_LOG_UPDATE
TIMESTAMP

If unsupported parameters are provided, they are considered to be private and not passed to the database handler.

It then execute the query and return "undef" in perlfunc in case of error.

Otherwise, it returns the current object used to call the method.

passwd

Sets or gets the passwd property for this database object.

ping

Evals a SELECT 1 statement and returns 0 if errors occurred or the return value.

ping_select

Will prepare and execute a simple SELECT 1 and return 0 upon failure or return the value returned from calling "execute" in DBI.

placeholder

Same as "P". Returns a DB::Object::Placeholder object, passing it whatever arguments was provided.

port

Sets or gets the port property for this database object.

prepare

Provided with a sql query and some hash reference of options and this will prepare the query using the options provided. The options are the same as the one in "prepare" in DBI method.

It returns a DB::Object::Statement object upon success or undef if an error occurred. The error can then be retrieved using "errstr" or "error".

prepare_cached

Same as "prepare" except the query is cached.

query

It prepares and executes the given SQL query with the options provided and return "undef" in perlfunc upon error or the statement handler upon success.

query_object

Sets or gets the query object.

quote

This is used to properly format data by surrounding them with quotes or not.

Calls "quote" in DBI and pass it whatever argument was provided.

replace

See "replace" in DB::Object::Tables

reset

See "reset" in DB::Object::Tables

returning

See "returning" in DB::Object::Tables

reverse

See "reverse" in DB::Object::Tables

select

See "select" in DB::Object::Tables

set

Provided with variable and this will issue a query to SET the given SQL variable.

If any error occurred, undef will be returned and an error set, otherwise it returns true.

sort

See "sort" in DB::Object::Tables

stat

Issue a SHOW STATUS query and if a particular $type is provided, it will return its value if it exists, otherwise it will return "undef" in perlfunc.

In absence of particular $type provided, it returns the hash list of values returns or a reference to the hash list in scalar context.

state

Queries the DBI state and return its value.

supported_class

Returns the list of driver packages such as DB::Object::Postgres

supported_drivers

Returns the list of driver name such as Pg

table

Given a table name, "table" will return a DB::Object::Tables object. The object is cached for re-use.

When a cached table object is found, it is cloned and reset (using "reset"), before it is returned to avoid undesirable effets in following query that would have some table properties set such as table alias.

table_exists

Provided with a table name and this returns true if the table exist or false otherwise.

table_info

This is a method that must be implemented by the driver package.

It returns an array reference of hash reference containing information about each table column.

table_push

Add the given table name to the stack of cached table names.

tables

Connects to the database and finds out the list of all available tables. If cache is available, it will use it instead of querying the database server.

Returns undef or empty list in scalar or list context respectively if no table found.

Otherwise, it returns the list of table in list context or a reference of it in scalar context.

tables_cache

Returns the table cache object

tables_info

This is a method that must be implemented by the driver package.

tables_refresh

Rebuild the list of available database table.

Returns the list of table in list context or a reference of it in scalar context.

tie

See "tie" in DB::Object::Tables

transaction

True when a transaction has been started with "begin_work", false otherwise.

TRUE

Returns TRUE to be used in queries.

unix_timestamp

See "unix_timestamp" in DB::Object::Tables

for POD::Coverage unknown_field

unlock

This is a convenient wrapper around "unlock" in DB::Object::Query

update

See "update" in DB::Object::Tables

use

Given a database, it switch to it, but before it checks that the database exists. If the database is different than the current one, it sets the multi_db parameter, which will have the fields in the queries be prefixed by their respective database name.

It returns the database handler.

use_cache

Provided with a boolean value and this sets or get the use_cache parameter.

use_bind

Provided with a boolean value and this sets or get the use_cache parameter.

variables

Query the SQL variable $type

It returns a blank string if nothing was found, or the value found.

version

This is a method that must be implemented by the driver package.

where

See "where" in DB::Object::Tables

_cache_this

Provided with a query, this will cache it for future re-use.

It does some check and maintenance job to ensure the cache does not get too big whenever it exceed the value of $CACHE_SIZE set in the main config file.

It returns the cached statement as an DB::Object::Statement object.

_check_connect_param

Provided with an hash reference of connection parameters, this will get the valid parameters by calling "_connection_parameters" and the connection default options by calling "_connection_options"

It returns the connection parameters hash reference.

_check_default_option

Provided with an hash reference of options, and it actually returns it, so this does not do much, because this method is supposed to be supereded by the driver package.

_connection_options

Provided with an hash reference of connection parameters and this will returns an hash reference of options whose keys match the regular expression /^[A-Z][a-zA-Z]+/

So this does not do much, because this method is supposed to be superseded by the driver package.

_connection_parameters

Returns an array reference containing the following keys: db login passwd host port driver database server opt uri debug

_connection_params2hash

Provided with an hash reference of connection parameters and this will check if the following environment variables exists and if so use them: DB_NAME, DB_LOGIN, DB_PASSWD, DB_HOST, DB_PORT, DB_DRIVER, DB_SCHEMA

If the parameter property uri was provided of if the environment variable DB_CON_URI is set, it will use this connection uri to get the necessary connection parameters values.

An URI could be http://localhost:5432?database=somedb or file:/foo/bar?opt={"RaiseError":true}

Alternatively, if the connection parameter conf_file is provided then its json content will be read and decoded into an hash reference.

The following keys can be used in the json data in the conf_file: database, login, passwd, host, port, driver, schema, opt

The port can be specified in the host parameter by separating it with a semicolon such as localhost:5432

The opt parameter can Alternatively be provided through the environment variable DB_OPT

It returns the hash reference of connection parameters.

_clean_statement

Given a query string or a reference to it, it cleans the statement by removing leading and trailing space before and after line breaks.

It returns the cleaned up query as a string if the original query was provided as a scalar reference.

_convert_datetime2object

Provided with an hash or hash reference of options and this will simply return the data property.

This does not do anything meaningful, because it is supposed to be superseded by the diver package.

_convert_json2hash

Provided with an hash or hash reference of options and this will simply return the data property.

This does not do anything meaningful, because it is supposed to be superseded by the diver package.

_dbi_connect

This will call "_dsn" which must exist in the driver package, and based on the dsn received, this will initiate a "connect_cache" in DBI if the object property "cache_connections" has a true value, or simply a "connect" in DBI otherwise.

It returns the database handler.

_decode_json

Provided with some json data and this will decode it using JSON and return the associated hash reference or "undef" in perlfunc if an error occurred.

_dsn

This will die complaining the driver has not implemented this method, unless the driver did implement it.

_encode_json

Provided with an hash reference and this will encode it into a json string and return it.

_make_sth

Given a package name and a hash reference, this builds a statement object with all the necessary parameters.

It also sets the query time to the current time with the parameter query_time

It returns an object of the given $package.

_param2hash

Provided with some hash reference parameters and this will simply return it, so it does not do anything meaningful.

This is supposed to be superseded by the driver package.

_process_limit

A convenient wrapper around the "_process_limit" in DB::Object::Query

_query_object_add

Provided with a DB::Object::Query and this will add it to the current object property query_object and return it.

_query_object_create

This is supposed to be called from a DB::Object::Tables

Create a new DB::Object::Query object, sets the debug and verbose values and sets its property "table_object" in DB::Object::Query to the value of the current object.

_query_object_current

Returns the current query_object

_query_object_get_or_create

Check to see if the "query_object" is already set and then return its value, otherwise create a new object by calling "_query_object_create" and return it.

_query_object_remove

Provided with a DB::Object::Query and this will remove it from the current object property query_object.

It returns the object removed.

_reset_query

If this has not already been reset, this will mark the current query object as reset and calls "_query_object_remove" and return the value for "_query_object_get_or_create"

If it has been already reset, this will return the value for "_query_object_current"

OPERATORS

ALL( VALUES )

This operator is used to query an array where all elements must match.

my $tbl = $dbh->hosts || die( "Uable to get table object 'hosts'." );
$tbl->where( $dbh->OR(
    $tbl->fo->name == 'example.com',
    'example.com' == $dbh->ALL( $tbl->fo->alias )
));
my $sth = $tbl->select || die( "Failed to prepare query to get host information: ", $tbl->error );
my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;

See PostgreSQL documentation

AND( VALUES )

Given a value, this returns a DB::Object::AND object. You can retrieve the value with "value" in DB::Object::AND

This is used by "where"

my $op = $dbh->AND( login => 'joe', status => 'active' );
# will produce:
WHERE login = 'joe' AND status = 'active'

ANY( VALUES )

This operator is used to query an array where all elements must match.

my $tbl = $dbh->hosts || die( "Uable to get table object 'hosts'." );
$tbl->where( $dbh->OR(
    $tbl->fo->name == 'example.com',
    'example.com' == $dbh->ANY( $tbl->fo->alias )
));
my $sth = $tbl->select || die( "Failed to prepare query to get host information: ", $tbl->error );
my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;

See PostgreSQL documentation

IN

For example:

SELECT
    c.code, c.name, c.name_l10n, c.locale
FROM country_locale AS c
WHERE
    c.locale = 'fr_FR' OR
    ('fr_FR' NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT l.locale FROM country_locale AS l ORDER BY l.locale) AND 
    c.locale = 'en_GB')
ORDER BY c.code

my $tbl = $dbh->country_locale || die( $dbh->error );
my $tbl2 = $dbh->country_locale || die( $dbh->error );
$tbl2->as( 'l' );
$tbl2->order( 'locale' );
my $sth2 = $tbl2->select( 'DISTINCT locale' ) || die( $tbl2->error );

$tbl->as( 'c' );
$tbl->where( $dbh->OR(
    $tbl->fo->locale == 'fr_FR',
    $dbh->AND(
        'fr_FR' != $dbh->IN( $sth2 ),
        $tbl->fo->locale == 'en_GB'
    )
) );

$tbl->order( $tbl->fo->code );
my $sth = $tbl->select( qw( code name name_l10n locale ) ) || die( $tbl->error );
say $sth->as_string;

NOT( VALUES )

Given a value, this returns a DB::Object::NOT object. You can retrieve the value with "value" in DB::Object::NOT

This is used by "where"

my $op = $dbh->AND( login => 'joe', status => $dbh->NOT( 'active' ) );
# will produce:
WHERE login = 'joe' AND status != 'active'

OR( VALUES )

Given a value, this returns a DB::Object::OR object. You can retrieve the value with "value" in DB::Object::OR

This is used by "where"

my $op = $dbh->OR( login => 'joe', login => 'john' );
# will produce:
WHERE login = 'joe' OR login = 'john'

AUTHOR

Jacques Deguest <jack@deguest.jp>

COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

You can use, copy, modify and redistribute this package and associated files under the same terms as Perl itself.

To install DB::Object, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm DB::Object

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install DB::Object

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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