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MySQL-Handler-1.9
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/ MySQL::Handler

NAME

MySQL::Handler - Builds upon DBD::mysql for advanced CGI web apps

DESCRIPTION

MySQL::Handler builds upon the foundation set by DBI and DBD::mysql to create a superset of methods for tying together some of the basic interface concepts of DB management when used in a web server environment. MySQL::Handler is meant to build upon the strengths of DBD::mysql and DBI and add common usability features for a variety of Internet applications.

MySQL::Handler encapsulates error message handling, information message handling, simple caching of requests through a complete iteration of a server CGI request. You will also find some key elements that hook the CGI class to the DBI class to simplify data IO to & from web forms and dynamic pages.

SYNOPSIS

 # Instantiate Object
 #
 use MySQL::Handler;
 my $DB = MySQL::Handler->new(dbname=>'products',dbuser=>'MySQL',dbpass=>'msqlpassword');
 
 # Retrieve Data & List Records
 #
 $DB->PrepLEX('SELECT * FROM products');
 while ($item=$DB->GetRecord()) {
     print "$item->{PROD_ID}\t$item->{PROD_TITLE}\t$item->{PROD_QTY}\n";
 }
 
 # Add / Update Record based on CGI Form
 # assuming objCGI is an instatiated CGI object
 # if the CGI param 'prod_id' is set we update
 # if it is not set we add
 #
 my %cgimap;
 foreach ('prod_id','prod_title','prod_qty') { $cgimap{$_} = $_; }
 $DB->AddUpdate( CGI=>$objCGI     , CGIKEY=>'prod_id', 
                 TABLE=>'products', DBKEY=>'prod_id',
                 hrCGIMAP=>\%cgimap
                );

REQUIRES

 CGI::Carp
 CGI::Util
 Class::Struct
 DBD::mysql
 DBI

EXPORT

None by default.

DATA ACCESS METHODS

new()

 Create a new MySQL::Handler object.
Parameters
 dbname => name of the database to connect to

 dbuser => MySQL user

 dbpass => password for that user

data()

 Get/set the data hash - this is where data fields are stored
 for the active record.

dbh()

 Returns the database handle for the DB connection.

dbpass()

 Get/set MySQL user's password.

dbname()

 Get/set database name.
 Simple string name of the database.

dbuser()

 Get/set MySQL username.

sth()

 Returns the statement handle for the active record selection.

PUBLIC METHODS

AddUpdate()

 Adds a new record or updates an existing record in the database
 depending on whether or not a specific CGI parameter has been set.

 Useful for processing a posted form that contains form fields
 that match data fields.   Pre-populate the form field that contains
 the database key field and an update occurs.  Set it to blank and
 a new record is added.

 Your database key field should have a default value that is unique
 and should be set as type 'PRIMARY KEY'.  We always use serial primary 
 key to auto-increment our keys when adding new records.
example
 --
 -- Table: xyz
 --
 
 CREATE TABLE xyz (
    xyz_pkid    serial       primary key,
         xyz_update  timestamp    default now(),
         xyz_ipadd   char(32)
         );
 If a key is provided but is doesn't match anything in the existing
 data then the update fails, UNLESS... CHECKKEY=> 1 in which case it
 will attempt to add the record.

 Your CGI->DB key hash reference should look something like this:
 %mymap = ( tablefld_name => 'form_name', tablefld_ssn => 'htmlform_ssn' );
 And is passed with a simple \%mymap as the hrCGIMAP parameter to this function.
 -or-
 Even better, name your CGI form fields the same thing as your MySQL DB field
 names.  Then you can skip the map altogether and just provide the CGISTART
 variable.  All fields that start with the the CGISTART string will be mapped.
 Want to map every field?  Set CGISTART = '.'.
Parameters (Required)
 CGI       => a CGI object from the CGI:: module

 DBKEY     => the name of the key field within the table
              defaults to MySQL::Handler Object Property <table>!PGHkeyfld
              must be provided 
                                  - or -
                             the <table>!PGHkeyfld option must have
              been setup when creating a new MySQL::Handler object

 TABLE     => the name of the table to play with

 CGISTART or hrCGIMAP must be set (see below)
Parameters (Optional)
 CGISTART  => map all CGI object fields starting with this string
              into equivalently named database fields
                                  only used when hrCGIMAP is not set

 CGIKEY    => the CGI parameter name that stores the data key
              defaults to DBKEY


 CHECKKEY  => set to 1 to perform ADD if the DBKEY is not found in the
              database.

 DBSTAMP   => the name of the timestamp field within the table
              defaults to MySQL::Handler Object Property <table>!PGHtimestamp

 DONTSTAMP => set to 1 to stop timestamping
              timestamp field must be set

 hrCGIMAP  => a reference to a hash that contains CGI params as keys and
              DB field names as values

 MD5      => the name of the md5 encrypted field within the table
              defaults to MySQL::Handler Object Property <table>!PGHmd5

 REQUIRED  => array reference pointing to array that holds list of CGI
              params that must contain data

 VERBOSE   => set to 1 to set lastinfo() = full command string
              otherwise returns 'INSERT' or 'UPDATE' on succesful execution

 BOOLEANS  => array reference pointing to the array that holds the list
              of database field booleans that we want to force to false
                                  if not set by the equivalently named CGI field
Action
 Either adds or updates a record in the specified table.

 Record is added if CGI data key [1] is blank or if CHECKKEY is set
 and the value of the key is not already in the database.

 Record is updated if CGI data key [2] contains a value.
Returns
 1 for success, get message with lastinfo()
 0 for failure, get message with lasterror()

DoLE()

 Do DBH Command and log any errors to the log file.
        [0] = SQL command
        [1] = Die on error
        [2] = return error on 0 records affected
        [3] = quiet mode (don't log via carp)

 Set the object 'errortype' data element to 'simple' for short error messages.
 i.e.
 $self->data('errortype') = 'simple';
Returns
 1 for success
 0 for failure, get message with lasterror

Field()

 Retreive a field from the specified table.
Parameters (required)
 DATA     => Which data item to return, must be of form "table!field"

 KEY      => The table key to lookup in the database
               Used to determine if our current record is still valid.
               Also used as default for WHERE, key value is searched for 
               in the PGHkeyfld that has been set for the MySQL::Handler object.
Parameters (optional)
 WHERE   => Use this where clause to select the record instead of the key

 FORCE   => Force Reload
Returns
 The value of the field.

 Returns 0 and lasterror() is set to a value if an error occurs
               lasterror() is blank if there was no error
Example
 my $objPGDATA = new MySQL::Handler::HTML ('mytable!PGHkeyfld' => 'id');
 my $lookupID = '01123';
 my $data = $objPGDATA->Field(DATA=>'mytable!prod_title', KEY=>$lookupID);

 my $lookupSKU = 'SKU-MYITEM-LG';
 my $data = $objPGDATA->Field(DATA=>'mytable!prod_title', WHERE=>"sku=$lookupSKU");

GetRecord()

 Retrieves the record in a hash reference with uppercase field names.

 rtype not set or set to 'HASHREF',
 Calls fetchrow_hashref('NAME_uc') from the specified SQL statement.

 rtype not set or set to 'ARRAY',
 Calls fetchrow_array() from the specified SQL statement.

 rtype not set or set to 'ITEM',
 Calls fetchrow() from the specified SQL statement.
Parameters
 [0] or -name     select from the named statement handle,
                  if not set defaults to the last active statement handle

 [1] or -rtype    'HASHREF' (default) or 'ARRAY' or 'ITEM' - type of structure to return data in

 [2] or -finish   set to '1' to close the named statement handle after returning the data
Returns
 the hashref or array or scaler on success
 0 for failure, get message with lasterror

lasterror()

 Retrieve the latest error produced by a MySQL::Handler object.
Returns
 The error message

lastinfo()

 Retrieve the latest info message produced by a MySQL::Handler object.
Returns
 The info message

nsth()

 Retrieve a named statement handle
Returns
 The handle, as requested.

PrepLE()

 Prepare an SQL statement and returns the statement handle, log errors if any.
Parameters (positional or named)
        [0] or -cmd     - required -statement
        [1] or -exec    - execute flag (PREPLE) or die flag (PREPLEX)
        [2] or -die             - die flag     (PREPLE) or null     (PREPLEX)
        [3] or -param   - single parameter passed to execute 
        [4] or -name    - store the statement handle under this name
Returns
 1 for success

PrepLEX()

 Same as PrepLE but also executes the SQL statement
Parameters (positional or named)
        [0] or -cmd     - required -statement
        [1] or -die             - die flag     (PREPLE) or null     (PREPLEX)
        [2] or -param   - single parameter passed to execute 
        [3] or -name    - store the statement handle under this name
Returns
 1 for success

Quote()

 Quote a parameter for SQL processing via
 the DBI::quote() function

 Sets the data handle if necessary.

SEMI-PUBLIC METHODS

 Using these methods without understanding the implications of playing with their
 values can wreak havoc on the code.  Use with caution...

SetDH()

 Internal function to set data handles
 Returns Data Handle

 If you don't want the MySQL username and password
 littering your perl code, create a subclass that
 overrides SetDH with DB specific connection info.

SetMethodParms()

 Allows for either ordered or positional parameters in
 a method call AND allows the method to be called as EITHER
 an instantiated object OR as an direct class call.
Parameters
 [0] - self, the instantiated object
 [1] - the class we are looking to instantiate if necessary
 [2] - reference to hash that will get our named parameters
 [3] - an array of the names of named parameters 
       IN THE ORDER that the positional parameters are expected to appear
 [4] - extra parameters, positional or otherwise
Action
 Populates the hash refered to in the first param with keys & values
Returns
 An object of type class, newly instantiated if necessary.
Example
 sub MyMethod() {
        my $self = shift;
        my %options;
                $self = SetMethodParms($self,'MYCLASS::SUBCLASS', \%options, [PARM1,PARM2,PARM3], @_ );
        print $options{PARM1} if ($options{PARM2} ne '');
        print $options{PARM3};
 }

CGIMap()

 Prepare a hash reference for mapping CGI parms to DB fields
 typically used with AddUpdate() from MySQL::Handler.
Parameters
 hrCGIMAP       - reference to hash that contains the map
 CGI                    - the CGI object
 CGISTART       - map all fields starting with this text
 CGIKEY                 - the cgi key field
 BOOLEANS       - address to list of boolean fields
Example
 @boolist = qw(form_field1 form_field2);
 $item->CGIMap(CGI => $objCGI, hrCGIMAP=>\%cgimap, CGISTART=>'cont_', CGIKEY=>'cont_id', BOOLEANS=>\@boolist);

NOTES

 Some methods allow for parameters to be passed in via both positional and named formats.
 If you decide to use named parameters with these "bi-modal" methods you must prefix the
 parameter with a hyphen.

 # Positional Example
 #
 use MySQL::Handler;
 my $DB = MySQL::Handler->new(dbname=>'products',dbuser=>'MySQL',dbpass=>'pgpassword');
 $DB->PrepLEX('SELECT * FROM products');

 # Named Example
 #
 use MySQL::Handler;
 my $DB = MySQL::Handler->new(dbname=>'products',dbuser=>'MySQL',dbpass=>'pgpassword');
 $DB->PrepLEX(  -cmd    =>      'SELECT * FROM products'        );

EXAMPLES

 # Instantiate Object
 #
 use MySQL::Handler;
 my $DB = MySQL::Handler->new(dbname=>'products',dbuser=>'MySQL',dbpass=>'pgpassword');

 # Retrieve Data & List Records
 #
 $DB->PrepLEX('SELECT * FROM products');
 while ($item=$DB->GetRecord()) {
        print $item->{PROD_ID}\t$item->{PROD_TITLE}\t$item->{PROD_QTY}\n";
 }

 # Add / Update Record based on CGI Form
 # assuming objCGI is an instatiated CGI object
 # if the CGI param 'prod_id' is set we update
 # if it is not set we add
 #
 my %cgimap;
 foreach ('prod_id','prod_title','prod_qty') { $cgimap{$_} = $_; }
 $DB->AddUpdate( CGI=>$objCGI     , CGIKEY=>'prod_id', 
                 TABLE=>'products', DBKEY=>'prod_id',
                 hrCGIMAP=>\%cgimap
               );

AUTHOR

 Lance Cleveland, Advanced Internet Technology Consultant
 Contact info@charlestonsw.com for more info.

ABOUT CSA

 Charleston Software Associates (CSA) is and advanced internet technology
 consulting firm based in Charleston South Carolina.   We provide custom
 software, database, and consulting services for small to mid-sized
 businesses.

 For more information, or to schedule a consult, visit our website at
 www.CharlestonSW.com

CONTRIBUTIONS

 Like the script and want to contribute?  
 You can send payments via credit card or bank transfer using
 PayPal and sending money to our info@charlestonsw.com PayPal address.

COPYRIGHT

 (c) 2006, Charleston Software Associates
 This script is covered by the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE.
 View the license at http://www.charlestonsw.com/community/gpl.txt
 or at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html

REVISION HISTORY

 v1.9 - Feb 2006 (yup, already)
      Update Field() to prevent SIGV error when WHERE clause causes error on statement
                Field() now returns 0 + lasterror() set to value if failed execute
                            returns fldval + lasterror() is blank if execution OK


 v1.8 - Feb 2006
      MySQL::Handler created from Postgres::Handler module