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package Mojo::DOM;
use Mojo::Base -strict;
use overload
  '@{}'    => sub { shift->child_nodes },
  '%{}'    => sub { shift->attr },
  bool     => sub {1},
  '""'     => sub { shift->to_string },
  fallback => 1;
# "Fry: This snow is beautiful. I'm glad global warming never happened.
#  Leela: Actually, it did. But thank God nuclear winter canceled it out."
use Mojo::Collection;
use Mojo::DOM::CSS;
use Mojo::DOM::HTML;
use Scalar::Util qw(blessed weaken);
use Storable     qw(dclone);
sub all_text { _text(_nodes($_[0]->tree), $_[0]->xml, 1) }
sub ancestors { _select($_[0]->_collect([_ancestors($_[0]->tree)]), $_[1]) }
sub append         { shift->_add(1, @_) }
sub append_content { shift->_content(1, 0, @_) }
sub at {
  my $self = shift;
  return undef unless my $result = $self->_css->select_one(@_);
  return $self->_build($result, $self->xml);
}
sub attr {
  my $self = shift;
  # Hash
  my $tree  = $self->tree;
  my $attrs = $tree->[0] ne 'tag' ? {} : $tree->[2];
  return $attrs unless @_;
  # Get
  return $attrs->{$_[0]} unless @_ > 1 || ref $_[0];
  # Set
  my $values = ref $_[0] ? $_[0] : {@_};
  @$attrs{keys %$values} = values %$values;
  return $self;
}
sub child_nodes { $_[0]->_collect(_nodes($_[0]->tree)) }
sub children { _select($_[0]->_collect(_nodes($_[0]->tree, 1)), $_[1]) }
sub content {
  my $self = shift;
  my $type = $self->type;
  if ($type eq 'root' || $type eq 'tag') {
    return $self->_content(0, 1, @_) if @_;
    my $html = Mojo::DOM::HTML->new(xml => $self->xml);
    return join '', map { $html->tree($_)->render } @{_nodes($self->tree)};
  }
  return $self->tree->[1] unless @_;
  $self->tree->[1] = shift;
  return $self;
}
sub descendant_nodes { $_[0]->_collect(_all(_nodes($_[0]->tree))) }
sub find {
  my $self = shift;
  return $self->_collect($self->_css->select(@_));
}
sub following       { _select($_[0]->_collect(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 1, 1)), $_[1]) }
sub following_nodes { $_[0]->_collect(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 0, 1)) }
sub matches { shift->_css->matches(@_) }
sub namespace {
  my $self = shift;
  return undef if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] ne 'tag';
  # Extract namespace prefix and search parents
  my $ns = $tree->[1] =~ /^(.*?):/ ? "xmlns:$1" : undef;
  for my $node ($tree, _ancestors($tree)) {
    # Namespace for prefix
    my $attrs = $node->[2];
    if ($ns) { $_ eq $ns and return $attrs->{$_} for keys %$attrs }
    # Namespace attribute
    elsif (defined $attrs->{xmlns}) { return $attrs->{xmlns} }
  }
  return undef;
}
sub new {
  my $class = shift;
  my $self  = bless \Mojo::DOM::HTML->new, ref $class || $class;
  return @_ ? $self->parse(@_) : $self;
}
sub new_tag {
  my $self = shift;
  my $new  = $self->new;
  $$new->tag(@_);
  $$new->xml($$self->xml) if ref $self;
  return $new;
}
sub next      { $_[0]->_maybe(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 1, 1, 0)) }
sub next_node { $_[0]->_maybe(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 0, 1, 0)) }
sub parent {
  my $self = shift;
  return undef if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] eq 'root';
  return $self->_build(_parent($tree), $self->xml);
}
sub parse { ${$_[0]}->parse($_[1]) and return $_[0] }
sub preceding       { _select($_[0]->_collect(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 1, 0)), $_[1]) }
sub preceding_nodes { $_[0]->_collect(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 0)) }
sub prepend         { shift->_add(0, @_) }
sub prepend_content { shift->_content(0, 0, @_) }
sub previous      { $_[0]->_maybe(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 1, 0, -1)) }
sub previous_node { $_[0]->_maybe(_siblings($_[0]->tree, 0, 0, -1)) }
sub remove { shift->replace('') }
sub replace {
  my ($self, $new) = @_;
  return $self->parse($new) if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] eq 'root';
  return $self->_replace(_parent($tree), $tree, _nodes($self->_parse($new)));
}
sub root {
  my $self = shift;
  return $self unless my $tree = _ancestors($self->tree, 1);
  return $self->_build($tree, $self->xml);
}
sub selector {
  return undef unless (my $tree = shift->tree)->[0] eq 'tag';
  return join ' > ', reverse map { $_->[1] . ':nth-child(' . (@{_siblings($_, 1)} + 1) . ')' } $tree, _ancestors($tree);
}
sub strip {
  my $self = shift;
  return $self if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] ne 'tag';
  return $self->_replace($tree->[3], $tree, _nodes($tree));
}
sub tag {
  my ($self, $tag) = @_;
  return undef if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] ne 'tag';
  return $tree->[1] unless $tag;
  $tree->[1] = $tag;
  return $self;
}
sub tap { shift->Mojo::Base::tap(@_) }
sub text { _text(_nodes(shift->tree), 0, 0) }
sub to_string { ${shift()}->render }
sub tree { @_ > 1 ? (${$_[0]}->tree($_[1]) and return $_[0]) : ${$_[0]}->tree }
sub type { shift->tree->[0] }
sub val {
  my $self = shift;
  # "option"
  return $self->{value} // $self->text if (my $tag = $self->tag) eq 'option';
  # "input" ("type=checkbox" and "type=radio")
  my $type = $self->{type} // '';
  return $self->{value} // 'on' if $tag eq 'input' && ($type eq 'radio' || $type eq 'checkbox');
  # "textarea", "input" or "button"
  return $tag eq 'textarea' ? $self->text : $self->{value} if $tag ne 'select';
  # "select"
  my $v = $self->find('option:checked:not([disabled])')->grep(sub { !$_->ancestors('optgroup[disabled]')->size })
    ->map('val');
  return exists $self->{multiple} ? $v->size ? $v->to_array : undef : $v->last;
}
sub with_roles { shift->Mojo::Base::with_roles(@_) }
sub wrap         { shift->_wrap(0, @_) }
sub wrap_content { shift->_wrap(1, @_) }
sub xml { @_ > 1 ? (${$_[0]}->xml($_[1]) and return $_[0]) : ${$_[0]}->xml }
sub _add {
  my ($self, $offset, $new) = @_;
  return $self if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] eq 'root';
  my $parent = _parent($tree);
  splice @$parent, _offset($parent, $tree) + $offset, 0, @{_link($parent, _nodes($self->_parse($new)))};
  return $self;
}
sub _all {
  my $nodes = shift;
  @$nodes = map { $_->[0] eq 'tag' ? ($_, @{_all(_nodes($_))}) : ($_) } @$nodes;
  return $nodes;
}
sub _ancestors {
  my ($tree, $root) = @_;
  return () unless $tree = _parent($tree);
  my @ancestors;
  do { push @ancestors, $tree } while ($tree->[0] eq 'tag') && ($tree = $tree->[3]);
  return $root ? $ancestors[-1] : @ancestors[0 .. $#ancestors - 1];
}
sub _build { shift->new->tree(shift)->xml(shift) }
sub _collect {
  my ($self, $nodes) = (shift, shift // []);
  my $xml = $self->xml;
  return Mojo::Collection->new(map { $self->_build($_, $xml) } @$nodes);
}
sub _content {
  my ($self, $start, $offset, $new) = @_;
  my $tree = $self->tree;
  unless ($tree->[0] eq 'root' || $tree->[0] eq 'tag') {
    my $old = $self->content;
    return $self->content($start ? $old . $new : $new . $old);
  }
  $start  = $start  ? ($#$tree + 1) : _start($tree);
  $offset = $offset ? $#$tree       : 0;
  splice @$tree, $start, $offset, @{_link($tree, _nodes($self->_parse($new)))};
  return $self;
}
sub _css { Mojo::DOM::CSS->new(tree => shift->tree) }
sub _fragment { _link(my $r = ['root', @_], [@_]); $r }
sub _link {
  my ($parent, $children) = @_;
  # Link parent to children
  for my $node (@$children) {
    my $offset = $node->[0] eq 'tag' ? 3 : 2;
    $node->[$offset] = $parent;
    weaken $node->[$offset];
  }
  return $children;
}
sub _maybe { $_[1] ? $_[0]->_build($_[1], $_[0]->xml) : undef }
sub _nodes {
  return () unless my $tree = shift;
  my @nodes = @$tree[_start($tree) .. $#$tree];
  return shift() ? [grep { $_->[0] eq 'tag' } @nodes] : \@nodes;
}
sub _offset {
  my ($parent, $child) = @_;
  my $i = _start($parent);
  $_ eq $child ? last : $i++ for @$parent[$i .. $#$parent];
  return $i;
}
sub _parent { $_[0]->[$_[0][0] eq 'tag' ? 3 : 2] }
sub _parse {
  my ($self, $input) = @_;
  return Mojo::DOM::HTML->new(xml => $self->xml)->parse($input)->tree unless blessed $input && $input->isa('Mojo::DOM');
  my $tree = dclone $input->tree;
  return $tree->[0] eq 'root' ? $tree : _fragment($tree);
}
sub _replace {
  my ($self, $parent, $child, $nodes) = @_;
  splice @$parent, _offset($parent, $child), 1, @{_link($parent, $nodes)};
  return $self->parent;
}
sub _select { $_[1] ? $_[0]->grep(matches => $_[1]) : $_[0] }
sub _siblings {
  my ($tree, $tags, $tail, $i) = @_;
  return defined $i ? undef : [] if $tree->[0] eq 'root';
  my $nodes = _nodes(_parent($tree));
  my $match = -1;
  defined($match++) and $_ eq $tree and last for @$nodes;
  if ($tail) { splice @$nodes, 0, $match + 1 }
  else       { splice @$nodes, $match, ($#$nodes + 1) - $match }
  @$nodes = grep { $_->[0] eq 'tag' } @$nodes if $tags;
  return defined $i ? $i == -1 && !@$nodes ? undef : $nodes->[$i] : $nodes;
}
sub _start { $_[0][0] eq 'root' ? 1 : 4 }
sub _text {
  my ($nodes, $xml, $all) = @_;
  my $text = '';
  while (my $node = shift @$nodes) {
    my $type = $node->[0];
    # Text
    if ($type eq 'text' || $type eq 'cdata' || $type eq 'raw') { $text .= $node->[1] }
    # Nested tag
    elsif ($type eq 'tag' && $all) {
      unshift @$nodes, @{_nodes($node)} if $xml || ($node->[1] ne 'script' && $node->[1] ne 'style');
    }
  }
  return $text;
}
sub _wrap {
  my ($self, $content, $new) = @_;
  return $self if (my $tree = $self->tree)->[0] eq 'root' && !$content;
  return $self if $tree->[0] ne 'root' && $tree->[0] ne 'tag' && $content;
  # Find innermost tag
  my $current;
  my $first = $new = $self->_parse($new);
  $current = $first while $first = _nodes($first, 1)->[0];
  return $self unless $current;
  # Wrap content
  if ($content) {
    push @$current, @{_link($current, _nodes($tree))};
    splice @$tree, _start($tree), $#$tree, @{_link($tree, _nodes($new))};
    return $self;
  }
  # Wrap element
  $self->_replace(_parent($tree), $tree, _nodes($new));
  push @$current, @{_link($current, [$tree])};
  return $self;
}
1;
HideShow 743 lines of Pod
=encoding utf8
=head1 NAME
Mojo::DOM - Minimalistic HTML/XML DOM parser with CSS selectors
=head1 SYNOPSIS
  use Mojo::DOM;
  # Parse
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new('<div><p id="a">Test</p><p id="b">123</p></div>');
  # Find
  say $dom->at('#b')->text;
  say $dom->find('p')->map('text')->join("\n");
  say $dom->find('[id]')->map(attr => 'id')->join("\n");
  # Iterate
  $dom->find('p[id]')->reverse->each(sub { say $_->{id} });
  # Loop
  for my $e ($dom->find('p[id]')->each) {
    say $e->{id}, ':', $e->text;
  }
  # Modify
  $dom->find('div p')->last->append('<p id="c">456</p>');
  $dom->at('#c')->prepend($dom->new_tag('p', id => 'd', '789'));
  $dom->find(':not(p)')->map('strip');
  # Render
  say "$dom";
=head1 DESCRIPTION
L<Mojo::DOM> is a minimalistic and relaxed HTML/XML DOM parser with CSS selector support. It will even try to interpret
broken HTML and XML, so you should not use it for validation.
=head1 NODES AND ELEMENTS
When we parse an HTML/XML fragment, it gets turned into a tree of nodes.
  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html>
    <head><title>Hello</title></head>
    <body>World!</body>
  </html>
There are currently eight different kinds of nodes, C<cdata>, C<comment>, C<doctype>, C<pi>, C<raw>, C<root>, C<tag>
and C<text>. Elements are nodes of the type C<tag>.
  root
  |- doctype (html)
  +- tag (html)
     |- tag (head)
     |  +- tag (title)
     |     +- raw (Hello)
     +- tag (body)
        +- text (World!)
While all node types are represented as L<Mojo::DOM> objects, some methods like L</"attr"> and L</"namespace"> only
apply to elements.
=head1 HTML AND XML
L<Mojo::DOM> defaults to HTML semantics, that means all tags and attribute names are lowercased and selectors need to
be lowercase as well.
  # HTML semantics
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new('<P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
  say $dom->at('p[id]')->text;
If an XML declaration is found, the parser will automatically switch into XML mode and everything becomes
case-sensitive.
  # XML semantics
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new('<?xml version="1.0"?><P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
  say $dom->at('P[ID]')->text;
HTML or XML semantics can also be forced with the L</"xml"> method.
  # Force HTML semantics
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new->xml(0)->parse('<P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
  say $dom->at('p[id]')->text;
  # Force XML semantics
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new->xml(1)->parse('<P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
  say $dom->at('P[ID]')->text;
=head1 METHODS
L<Mojo::DOM> implements the following methods.
=head2 all_text
  my $text = $dom->all_text;
Extract text content from all descendant nodes of this element. For HTML documents C<script> and C<style> elements are
excluded.
  # "foo\nbarbaz\n"
  $dom->parse("<div>foo\n<p>bar</p>baz\n</div>")->at('div')->all_text;
=head2 ancestors
  my $collection = $dom->ancestors;
  my $collection = $dom->ancestors('div ~ p');
Find all ancestor elements of this node matching the CSS selector and return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing
these elements as L<Mojo::DOM> objects. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # List tag names of ancestor elements
  say $dom->ancestors->map('tag')->join("\n");
=head2 append
  $dom = $dom->append('<p>I ♥ Mojolicious!</p>');
  $dom = $dom->append(Mojo::DOM->new);
Append HTML/XML fragment to this node (for all node types other than C<root>).
  # "<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')
    ->at('h1')->append('<h2>123</h2>')->root;
  # "<p>Test 123</p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')
    ->child_nodes->first->append(' 123')->root;
=head2 append_content
  $dom = $dom->append_content('<p>I ♥ Mojolicious!</p>');
  $dom = $dom->append_content(Mojo::DOM->new);
Append HTML/XML fragment (for C<root> and C<tag> nodes) or raw content to this node's content.
  # "<div><h1>Test123</h1></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')
    ->at('h1')->append_content('123')->root;
  # "<!-- Test 123 --><br>"
  $dom->parse('<!-- Test --><br>')
    ->child_nodes->first->append_content('123 ')->root;
  # "<p>Test<i>123</i></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->append_content('<i>123</i>')->root;
=head2 at
  my $result = $dom->at('div ~ p');
  my $result = $dom->at('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
Find first descendant element of this element matching the CSS selector and return it as a L<Mojo::DOM> object, or
C<undef> if none could be found. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # Find first element with "svg" namespace definition
  my $namespace = $dom->at('[xmlns\:svg]')->{'xmlns:svg'};
Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.
  # "<rect />"
  $dom->parse('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect /></svg>')
    ->at('svg|rect', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
=head2 attr
  my $hash = $dom->attr;
  my $foo  = $dom->attr('foo');
  $dom     = $dom->attr({foo => 'bar'});
  $dom     = $dom->attr(foo => 'bar');
This element's attributes.
  # Remove an attribute
  delete $dom->attr->{id};
  # Attribute without value
  $dom->attr(selected => undef);
  # List id attributes
  say $dom->find('*')->map(attr => 'id')->compact->join("\n");
=head2 child_nodes
  my $collection = $dom->child_nodes;
Return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing all child nodes of this element as L<Mojo::DOM> objects.
  # "<p><b>123</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test<b>123</b></p>')->at('p')->child_nodes->first->remove;
  # "<!DOCTYPE html>"
  $dom->parse('<!DOCTYPE html><b>123</b>')->child_nodes->first;
  # " Test "
  $dom->parse('<b>123</b><!-- Test -->')->child_nodes->last->content;
=head2 children
  my $collection = $dom->children;
  my $collection = $dom->children('div ~ p');
Find all child elements of this element matching the CSS selector and return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing
these elements as L<Mojo::DOM> objects. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # Show tag name of random child element
  say $dom->children->shuffle->first->tag;
=head2 content
  my $str = $dom->content;
  $dom    = $dom->content('<p>I ♥ Mojolicious!</p>');
  $dom    = $dom->content(Mojo::DOM->new);
Return this node's content or replace it with HTML/XML fragment (for C<root> and C<tag> nodes) or raw content.
  # "<b>Test</b>"
  $dom->parse('<div><b>Test</b></div>')->at('div')->content;
  # "<div><h1>123</h1></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->content('123')->root;
  # "<p><i>123</i></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->content('<i>123</i>')->root;
  # "<div><h1></h1></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->content('')->root;
  # " Test "
  $dom->parse('<!-- Test --><br>')->child_nodes->first->content;
  # "<div><!-- 123 -->456</div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><!-- Test -->456</div>')
    ->at('div')->child_nodes->first->content(' 123 ')->root;
=head2 descendant_nodes
  my $collection = $dom->descendant_nodes;
Return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing all descendant nodes of this element as L<Mojo::DOM> objects.
  # "<p><b>123</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p><!-- Test --><b>123<!-- 456 --></b></p>')
    ->descendant_nodes->grep(sub { $_->type eq 'comment' })
    ->map('remove')->first;
  # "<p><b>test</b>test</p>"
  $dom->parse('<p><b>123</b>456</p>')
    ->at('p')->descendant_nodes->grep(sub { $_->type eq 'text' })
    ->map(content => 'test')->first->root;
=head2 find
  my $collection = $dom->find('div ~ p');
  my $collection = $dom->find('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
Find all descendant elements of this element matching the CSS selector and return a L<Mojo::Collection> object
containing these elements as L<Mojo::DOM> objects. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # Find a specific element and extract information
  my $id = $dom->find('div')->[23]{id};
  # Extract information from multiple elements
  my @headers = $dom->find('h1, h2, h3')->map('text')->each;
  # Count all the different tags
  my $hash = $dom->find('*')->reduce(sub { $a->{$b->tag}++; $a }, {});
  # Find elements with a class that contains dots
  my @divs = $dom->find('div.foo\.bar')->each;
Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.
  # "<rect />"
  $dom->parse('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect /></svg>')
    ->find('svg|rect', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg')->first;
=head2 following
  my $collection = $dom->following;
  my $collection = $dom->following('div ~ p');
Find all sibling elements after this node matching the CSS selector and return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing
these elements as L<Mojo::DOM> objects. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # List tags of sibling elements after this node
  say $dom->following->map('tag')->join("\n");
=head2 following_nodes
  my $collection = $dom->following_nodes;
Return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing all sibling nodes after this node as L<Mojo::DOM> objects.
  # "C"
  $dom->parse('<p>A</p><!-- B -->C')->at('p')->following_nodes->last->content;
=head2 matches
  my $bool = $dom->matches('div ~ p');
  my $bool = $dom->matches('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
Check if this element matches the CSS selector. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # True
  $dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('.a');
  $dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('p[class]');
  # False
  $dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('.b');
  $dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('p[id]');
Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.
  # True
  $dom->parse('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect /></svg>')
    ->matches('svg|rect', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
=head2 namespace
  my $namespace = $dom->namespace;
Find this element's namespace, or return C<undef> if none could be found.
  # "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
  Mojo::DOM->new('<svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><svg:circle>3.14</svg:circle></svg>')->at('svg\:circle')->namespace;
  # Find namespace for an element with namespace prefix
  my $namespace = $dom->at('svg > svg\:circle')->namespace;
  # Find namespace for an element that may or may not have a namespace prefix
  my $namespace = $dom->at('svg > circle')->namespace;
=head2 new
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new;
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new('<foo bar="baz">I ♥ Mojolicious!</foo>');
Construct a new scalar-based L<Mojo::DOM> object and L</"parse"> HTML/XML fragment if necessary.
=head2 new_tag
  my $tag = Mojo::DOM->new_tag('div');
  my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div');
  my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', hidden => undef);
  my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', 'safe content');
  my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', 'safe content');
  my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', data => {mojo => 'rocks'}, 'safe content');
  my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', sub { 'unsafe content' });
Construct a new L<Mojo::DOM> object for an HTML/XML tag with or without attributes and content. The C<data> attribute
may contain a hash reference with key/value pairs to generate attributes from.
  # "<br>"
  $dom->new_tag('br');
  # "<div></div>"
  $dom->new_tag('div');
  # "<div id="foo" hidden></div>"
  $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', hidden => undef);
  # "<div>test &amp; 123</div>"
  $dom->new_tag('div', 'test & 123');
  # "<div id="foo">test &amp; 123</div>"
  $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', 'test & 123');
  # "<div data-foo="1" data-bar="test">test &amp; 123</div>""
  $dom->new_tag('div', data => {foo => 1, Bar => 'test'}, 'test & 123');
  # "<div id="foo">test & 123</div>"
  $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', sub { 'test & 123' });
  # "<div>Hello<b>Mojo!</b></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div>Hello</div>')->at('div')
    ->append_content($dom->new_tag('b', 'Mojo!'))->root;
=head2 next
  my $sibling = $dom->next;
Return L<Mojo::DOM> object for next sibling element, or C<undef> if there are no more siblings.
  # "<h2>123</h2>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>')->at('h1')->next;
=head2 next_node
  my $sibling = $dom->next_node;
Return L<Mojo::DOM> object for next sibling node, or C<undef> if there are no more siblings.
  # "456"
  $dom->parse('<p><b>123</b><!-- Test -->456</p>')
    ->at('b')->next_node->next_node;
  # " Test "
  $dom->parse('<p><b>123</b><!-- Test -->456</p>')
    ->at('b')->next_node->content;
=head2 parent
  my $parent = $dom->parent;
Return L<Mojo::DOM> object for parent of this node, or C<undef> if this node has no parent.
  # "<b><i>Test</i></b>"
  $dom->parse('<p><b><i>Test</i></b></p>')->at('i')->parent;
=head2 parse
  $dom = $dom->parse('<foo bar="baz">I ♥ Mojolicious!</foo>');
Parse HTML/XML fragment with L<Mojo::DOM::HTML>.
  # Parse XML
  my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new->xml(1)->parse('<foo>I ♥ Mojolicious!</foo>');
=head2 preceding
  my $collection = $dom->preceding;
  my $collection = $dom->preceding('div ~ p');
Find all sibling elements before this node matching the CSS selector and return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing
these elements as L<Mojo::DOM> objects. All selectors from L<Mojo::DOM::CSS/"SELECTORS"> are supported.
  # List tags of sibling elements before this node
  say $dom->preceding->map('tag')->join("\n");
=head2 preceding_nodes
  my $collection = $dom->preceding_nodes;
Return a L<Mojo::Collection> object containing all sibling nodes before this node as L<Mojo::DOM> objects.
  # "A"
  $dom->parse('A<!-- B --><p>C</p>')->at('p')->preceding_nodes->first->content;
=head2 prepend
  $dom = $dom->prepend('<p>I ♥ Mojolicious!</p>');
  $dom = $dom->prepend(Mojo::DOM->new);
Prepend HTML/XML fragment to this node (for all node types other than C<root>).
  # "<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h2>123</h2></div>')
    ->at('h2')->prepend('<h1>Test</h1>')->root;
  # "<p>Test 123</p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>123</p>')
    ->at('p')->child_nodes->first->prepend('Test ')->root;
=head2 prepend_content
  $dom = $dom->prepend_content('<p>I ♥ Mojolicious!</p>');
  $dom = $dom->prepend_content(Mojo::DOM->new);
Prepend HTML/XML fragment (for C<root> and C<tag> nodes) or raw content to this node's content.
  # "<div><h2>Test123</h2></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h2>123</h2></div>')
    ->at('h2')->prepend_content('Test')->root;
  # "<!-- Test 123 --><br>"
  $dom->parse('<!-- 123 --><br>')
    ->child_nodes->first->prepend_content(' Test')->root;
  # "<p><i>123</i>Test</p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->prepend_content('<i>123</i>')->root;
=head2 previous
  my $sibling = $dom->previous;
Return L<Mojo::DOM> object for previous sibling element, or C<undef> if there are no more siblings.
  # "<h1>Test</h1>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>')->at('h2')->previous;
=head2 previous_node
  my $sibling = $dom->previous_node;
Return L<Mojo::DOM> object for previous sibling node, or C<undef> if there are no more siblings.
  # "123"
  $dom->parse('<p>123<!-- Test --><b>456</b></p>')
    ->at('b')->previous_node->previous_node;
  # " Test "
  $dom->parse('<p>123<!-- Test --><b>456</b></p>')
    ->at('b')->previous_node->content;
=head2 remove
  my $parent = $dom->remove;
Remove this node and return L</"root"> (for C<root> nodes) or L</"parent">.
  # "<div></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->remove;
  # "<p><b>456</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>123<b>456</b></p>')
    ->at('p')->child_nodes->first->remove->root;
=head2 replace
  my $parent = $dom->replace('<div>I ♥ Mojolicious!</div>');
  my $parent = $dom->replace(Mojo::DOM->new);
Replace this node with HTML/XML fragment and return L</"root"> (for C<root> nodes) or L</"parent">.
  # "<div><h2>123</h2></div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->replace('<h2>123</h2>');
  # "<p><b>123</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')
    ->at('p')->child_nodes->[0]->replace('<b>123</b>')->root;
=head2 root
  my $root = $dom->root;
Return L<Mojo::DOM> object for C<root> node.
=head2 selector
  my $selector = $dom->selector;
Get a unique CSS selector for this element.
  # "ul:nth-child(1) > li:nth-child(2)"
  $dom->parse('<ul><li>Test</li><li>123</li></ul>')->find('li')->last->selector;
  # "p:nth-child(1) > b:nth-child(1) > i:nth-child(1)"
  $dom->parse('<p><b><i>Test</i></b></p>')->at('i')->selector;
=head2 strip
  my $parent = $dom->strip;
Remove this element while preserving its content and return L</"parent">.
  # "<div>Test</div>"
  $dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->strip;
=head2 tag
  my $tag = $dom->tag;
  $dom    = $dom->tag('div');
This element's tag name.
  # List tag names of child elements
  say $dom->children->map('tag')->join("\n");
=head2 tap
  $dom = $dom->tap(sub {...});
Alias for L<Mojo::Base/"tap">.
=head2 text
  my $text = $dom->text;
Extract text content from this element only (not including child elements).
  # "bar"
  $dom->parse("<div>foo<p>bar</p>baz</div>")->at('p')->text;
  # "foo\nbaz\n"
  $dom->parse("<div>foo\n<p>bar</p>baz\n</div>")->at('div')->text;
To extract text content from all descendant nodes see L</"all_text">.
=head2 to_string
  my $str = $dom->to_string;
Render this node and its content to HTML/XML.
  # "<b>Test</b>"
  $dom->parse('<div><b>Test</b></div>')->at('div b')->to_string;
=head2 tree
  my $tree = $dom->tree;
  $dom     = $dom->tree(['root']);
Document Object Model. Note that this structure should only be used very carefully since it is very dynamic.
=head2 type
  my $type = $dom->type;
This node's type, usually C<cdata>, C<comment>, C<doctype>, C<pi>, C<raw>, C<root>, C<tag> or C<text>.
  # "cdata"
  $dom->parse('<![CDATA[Test]]>')->child_nodes->first->type;
  # "comment"
  $dom->parse('<!-- Test -->')->child_nodes->first->type;
  # "doctype"
  $dom->parse('<!DOCTYPE html>')->child_nodes->first->type;
  # "pi"
  $dom->parse('<?xml version="1.0"?>')->child_nodes->first->type;
  # "raw"
  $dom->parse('<title>Test</title>')->at('title')->child_nodes->first->type;
  # "root"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->type;
  # "tag"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->type;
  # "text"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->child_nodes->first->type;
=head2 val
  my $value = $dom->val;
Extract value from form element (such as C<button>, C<input>, C<option>, C<select> and C<textarea>), or return C<undef>
if this element has no value. In the case of C<select> with C<multiple> attribute, find C<option> elements with
C<selected> attribute and return an array reference with all values, or C<undef> if none could be found.
  # "a"
  $dom->parse('<input name=test value=a>')->at('input')->val;
  # "b"
  $dom->parse('<textarea>b</textarea>')->at('textarea')->val;
  # "c"
  $dom->parse('<option value="c">Test</option>')->at('option')->val;
  # "d"
  $dom->parse('<select><option selected>d</option></select>')
    ->at('select')->val;
  # "e"
  $dom->parse('<select multiple><option selected>e</option></select>')
    ->at('select')->val->[0];
  # "on"
  $dom->parse('<input name=test type=checkbox>')->at('input')->val;
=head2 with_roles
  my $new_class = Mojo::DOM->with_roles('Mojo::DOM::Role::One');
  my $new_class = Mojo::DOM->with_roles('+One', '+Two');
  $dom          = $dom->with_roles('+One', '+Two');
Alias for L<Mojo::Base/"with_roles">.
=head2 wrap
  $dom = $dom->wrap('<div></div>');
  $dom = $dom->wrap(Mojo::DOM->new);
Wrap HTML/XML fragment around this node (for all node types other than C<root>), placing it as the last child of the
first innermost element.
  # "<p>123<b>Test</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->at('b')->wrap('<p>123</p>')->root;
  # "<div><p><b>Test</b></p>123</div>"
  $dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->at('b')->wrap('<div><p></p>123</div>')->root;
  # "<p><b>Test</b></p><p>123</p>"
  $dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->at('b')->wrap('<p></p><p>123</p>')->root;
  # "<p><b>Test</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->child_nodes->first->wrap('<b>')->root;
=head2 wrap_content
  $dom = $dom->wrap_content('<div></div>');
  $dom = $dom->wrap_content(Mojo::DOM->new);
Wrap HTML/XML fragment around this node's content (for C<root> and C<tag> nodes), placing it as the last children of
the first innermost element.
  # "<p><b>123Test</b></p>"
  $dom->parse('<p>Test<p>')->at('p')->wrap_content('<b>123</b>')->root;
  # "<p><b>Test</b></p><p>123</p>"
  $dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->wrap_content('<p></p><p>123</p>');
=head2 xml
  my $bool = $dom->xml;
  $dom     = $dom->xml($bool);
Disable HTML semantics in parser and activate case-sensitivity, defaults to auto-detection based on XML declarations.
=head1 OPERATORS
L<Mojo::DOM> overloads the following operators.
=head2 array
  my @nodes = @$dom;
Alias for L</"child_nodes">.
  # "<!-- Test -->"
  $dom->parse('<!-- Test --><b>123</b>')->[0];
=head2 bool
  my $bool = !!$dom;
Always true.
=head2 hash
  my %attrs = %$dom;
Alias for L</"attr">.
  # "test"
  $dom->parse('<div id="test">Test</div>')->at('div')->{id};
=head2 stringify
  my $str = "$dom";
Alias for L</"to_string">.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<Mojolicious>, L<Mojolicious::Guides>, L<https://mojolicious.org>.
=cut