NAME

Math - constants and functions

SYNOPSIS

        use Math;

        printf "2.71828182845905 = %s\n", E;
        printf "1.5707963267949  = %s\n", PI1_2;
        
        printf "1 = %s\n", round(0.5);
        printf "1 = %s\n", ceil(0.5);
        printf "0 = %s\n", floor(0.5);

        or 

        use Math ();

        printf "%s\n", Math::PI;
        printf "%s\n", Math::round(0.5);

Constants

E

        Euler's constant, e, approximately 2.718

LN10

        Natural logarithm of 10, approximately 2.302

LN2

        Natural logarithm of 2, approximately 0.693

PI

Ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, approximately 3.1415 or atan2( 0, -1 ).

        PI1_2 == PI * 1/2

SQRT1_2

        square root of 1/2, approximately 0.707

SQRT2

        square root of 2, approximately 1.414

Functions

Note number, number1, number2, base, and exponent indicate any expression with a scalar value.

abs(number)

        Returns the absolute value of number

acos(number)

        Returns the arc cosine (in radians) of number

asin(number)

        Returns the arc sine (in radians) of number

atan(number)

        Returns the arc tangent (in radians) of number

atan2(number1, number2)

        perls atan2

ceil(number)

        Returns the least integer greater than or equal to number

cos(number)

        Returns the cosine of number where number is expressed in radians

exp(number)

        Returns e, to the power of number (i.e. enumber)

even(number)

        Returns 1 if number is even otherwise 0

floor(number)

        Returns the greatest integer less than or equal to its argument

fmod(number, number)

        POSIX fmod

log(number)

        Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of number

log10(number)

        Returns the logarithm (base 10) of number

min(number1, number2)

        Returns the lesser of number1 and number2

max(number1, number2)

        Returns the greater of number1 and number2

clamp(number, min, max)

        Returns number between or equal min and max

odd(number)

        Returns 1 if number is odd otherwise 0

pow(base, exponent)

        Returns base to the exponent power (i.e. base exponent)
        
        $base ** $exponent == pow($base, $exponent);

pro(number, number1, number2, ...)

        Returns the product of its arguments

        pro(1,2,3) == 1 * 2 * 3;
        my $product = pro(@array);

random()

        Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1.

random(number)

        Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and number.

random(number1, number2)

        Returns a pseudo-random number between number1 and number2.

round(number)

        Returns the value of number rounded to the nearest integer

round(number1, digits)

        round(0.123456, 2) == 0.12;

        round(50, -2)   == 100;
        round(5, -1)    == 10;
        round(0.5)      == 1;
        round(0.05, 1)  == 0.1;
        round(0.005, 2) == 0.01;

sig(number)

        Returns 1 if number is greater 0.
        Returns -1 if number is lesser 0 otherwise -1.

sin(number)

        Returns the sine of number where number is expressed in radians

sqrt(number)

        Returns the square root of its argument

sum(number, number1, number2, ...)

        Returns the sum of its arguments

        sum(1..3) == 1 + 2 + 3;
        my $sum = sum(@array);

tan(number)

        Returns the tangent of number, where number is expressed in radians

MODULES

Algebra

perlfunc

Math

Math::Algebra::Symbols

Math::Algebra::Symbols::Sum

Math::Algebra::Symbols::Term

Math::Algebra::SymbolsSum

Math::Algebra::SymbolsTerm

Algorithms

Math::Amoeba

Math::Approx

Math::Approx::Symbolic

Math::Bezier::Convert

Math::Big

Math::Big::Factors

Math::BigFloat

Math::BigFloat::Trace

Math::BigInt

Math::BigInt::BitVect

Math::BigInt::Calc

Math::BigInt::CalcEmu

Math::BigInt::Constant

Math::BigInt::FastCalc

Math::BigInt::GMP

Math::BigInt::Lite

Math::BigInt::Named

Math::BigInt::Named::English

Math::BigInt::Named::German

Math::Business::BlackSch

Math::Business::BlackScholes

Math::Calc::Units::Compute

Math::Calc::Units::Convert

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Base

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Base2Metric

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Byte

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Combo

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Date

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Distance

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Metric

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Multi

Math::Calc::Units::Convert::Time

Math::Calc::Units::Grammar

Math::Calc::Units::Rank

Math::Calculator

Math::Calculus::Differentiate

Math::Calculus::NewtonRaphson

Math::Calculus::TaylorEquivalent

Math::Calculus::TaylorSeries

Math::CatmullRom

Math::Cephes

Math::Cephes::Complex

Math::Cephes::Fraction

Math::Cephes::Matrix

Math::Cephes::Polynomial

Math::Color

Math::ColorRGBA

Math::Combinatorics

Complex

Math::ErrorPropagation

Math::Evol

Math::Expr

Math::Expr::FormulaDB

Math::Expr::OpperationDB

Expression

Fourier

Math::Fourier

Fractal

Math::Fractal::Curve

Math::Fractal::DLA

Math::Fractal::DLA::Explode

Math::Fractal::DLA::GrowUp

Math::Fractal::DLA::Race2Center

Math::Fractal::DLA::Surrounding

Math::Fractal::Mandelbrot

Math::Function::Roots

Geometry

Math::Geometry

Math::Geometry::GPC

Math::Geometry::Planar

Math::Geometry::Planar::GPC

Math::Geometry::Planar::GPC::Inherit

Math::Geometry::Planar::GPC::Polygon

Math::Geometry::Planar::Offset

Math::Gradient

Math::GrahamFunction

Math::GrahamFunction::Object

Math::GrahamFunction::SqFacts

Math::GrahamFunction::SqFacts::Dipole

Math::Group::Thompson

Math::Gsl

Math::Gsl::Polynomial

Math::Gsl::Sf

Math::HashSum

Math::Int64

Integral

Math::Integral

Math::Integral::Romberg

Math::Interpolate

Math::Interpolator

Math::Interpolator::Knot

Math::Interpolator::Linear

Math::Interpolator::Robust

Math::Interpolator::Source

Math::Intersection::StraightLine

Math::LP::LinearCombination

Math::LinearCombination

Math::LinearProg

Math::LogRand

Logic

Math::Logic

Math::Logic::Predicate

Math::MVPoly::Integer

Math::MVPoly::Monomial

Math::MVPoly::Parser

Math::MVPoly::Polynomial

Math::Macopt

Math::MagicSquare

Math::MagicSquare::Generator

Matrix

Math::MatrixReal::Ext1

Math::MatrixSparse

Math::MultiplicationTable

Math::NoCarry

Math::Nocarry

Math::NumberCruncher

Numbers

Math::PartialOrder::Base

Math::PartialOrder::CEnum

Math::PartialOrder::CMasked

Math::PartialOrder::Caching

Math::PartialOrder::LRUCaching

Math::PartialOrder::Loader

Math::PartialOrder::Std

Math::Polygon

Math::Polygon::Calc

Math::Polygon::Clip

Math::Polygon::Surface

Math::Polygon::Transform

Math::Polyhedra

Polynom

Math::Polynom

Math::Polynomial

Math::Polynomial::Solve

Math::Prime::XS

Math::Project

Math::Project3D

Math::Project3D::Function

Math::Project3D::Plot

Math::Quaternion

Math::RPN

Math::Rand48

Random

Math::Random

Math::Random::AcceptReject

Math::Random::Brownian

Math::Random::Cauchy

Math::Random::MT

Math::Random::MT::Auto

Math::Random::MT::Auto::Range

Math::Random::MT::Auto::Util

Math::Random::OO

Math::Random::OO::Bootstrap

Math::Random::OO::Normal

Math::Random::OO::Uniform

Math::Random::OO::UniformInt

Simple

String

Math::String

Math::String::Charset

Math::String::Charset::Grouped

Math::String::Charset::Nested

Math::String::Charset::Wordlist

Math::String::Sequence

Symbolic

Math::Symbolic

Math::Symbolic::AuxFunctions

Math::Symbolic::Base

Math::Symbolic::Compiler

Math::Symbolic::Constant

Math::Symbolic::Custom

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Base

Math::Symbolic::Custom::CCompiler

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Contains

Math::Symbolic::Custom::DefaultDumpers

Math::Symbolic::Custom::DefaultMods

Math::Symbolic::Custom::DefaultTests

Math::Symbolic::Custom::ErrorPropagation

Math::Symbolic::Custom::LaTeXDumper

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Pattern

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Pattern::Export

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Simplification

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Transformation

Math::Symbolic::Custom::Transformation::Group

Math::Symbolic::Derivative

Math::Symbolic::ExportConstants

Math::Symbolic::MiscAlgebra

Math::Symbolic::MiscCalculus

Math::Symbolic::Operator

Math::Symbolic::Parser

Math::Symbolic::Parser::Precompiled

Math::Symbolic::Parser::Yapp

Math::Symbolic::Variable

Math::Symbolic::VectorCalculus

Math::SymbolicX::BigNum

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Command

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Command::Assignment

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Command::DerivativeApplication

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Command::Insertion

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Command::Transformation

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Interface

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Interface::Shell

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Interface::Web

Math::SymbolicX::Calculator::Interface::Web::Server

Math::SymbolicX::Complex

Math::SymbolicX::Error

Math::SymbolicX::Inline

Math::SymbolicX::NoSimplification

Math::SymbolicX::ParserExtensionFactory

Math::SymbolicX::Statistics::Distributions

Math::Systems

Taylor

Math::Taylor

Math::Telephony::ErlangB

Math::Telephony::ErlangC

Math::TotalBuilder

Math::TotalBuilder::Common

Math::TriangularNumbers

Trig

Math::Units::PhysicalValue

Vector

Math::Vector::SortIndexes

Math::VectorReal

Math::Zap::Vector

Math::Zap::Vector2

ematica

Math::Volume::Rotational

BUGS & SUGGESTIONS

If you run into a miscalculation, need some sort of feature or an additional holiday, or if you know of any new changes to the funky math, please drop the author a note.

ARRANGED BY

Holger Seelig holger.seelig@yahoo.de

COPYRIGHT

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

To install Math, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm Math

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Math

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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